I-Orlistat: imiyalo, ukubuyekezwa, ukuncipha kwesisindo, malini

I-Orlistat ingenye yezidakamizwa ezivunyiwe eRussia zokwelashwa kokukhuluphala. Ithuluzi alinamphumela ohleliwe, ngakho-ke liphephile ngangokunokwenzeka. Isebenza kuphela ngaphakathi kwamathumbu, ivimba ukumuncwa kwamafutha ekudleni. Ukudla i-calorie kuncishiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukusetshenziswa kokudla okunamafutha ngokweqile ngasikhathi sinye njengokuthatha i-Orlistat kuholela ekukhulisweni okusebenzayo kwamafutha kanye nezindunduma, ngakho-ke iziguli ziyalulekwa ukuthi zilandele indlela yokudla ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ngabe i-Orlistat ibekelwe ini?

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kubizwa njengenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zemithi yesimanje. Ngokwemininingwane ka-2014, bangu-1.5 billion abantu abakhuluphe ngokweqile, abayizigidi ezingama-500 babo batholakala benokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Lezi zinamba ziyanda minyaka yonke, ukwanda okuqinile kwesisindo sesintu kuthathe isimilo sodlame. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubukeka kwesisindo ngokweqile, odokotela babiza ukudla okungenampilo okungenampilo nokuphila kokuhlala phansi. Indima yezici zofuzo incane kakhulu kunenkolelo evamile. Iningi leziguli likubukela phansi okuqukethwe ikhalori kokudla kwazo futhi lilinganise izinga lomsebenzi. Futhi bambalwa kuphela kubo abakulungele ukwamukela ukuthi ukukhuluphala yisifo esingamahlalakhona esidinga ukuzithiba kukho konke impilo.

Isu lokwelashwa kokukhuluphala lifaka ukulungiswa kancane kancane kwemikhuba yokudla kwesiguli, ukuqedwa kobuhlobo phakathi kwemood nokudla, kanye nokugwema indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi. Njengomthetho, abakwa-endocrinologists babiza umgomo wokuqala ngokuthi ukunciphisa ngo-10% ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala. Ngisho namakhilogremu angama-5-10 alahlekile ayithinta kakhulu impilo yokunciphisa umzimba. Ngokwezibalo, ukufa kwabantu kwehliswa yisilinganiso sama-20%, ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela - ngesilinganiso esingama-44%.

Njengokusekelwa, ezinye iziguli zinganikezwa umuthi. Isidingo esikhulu semithi esetshenziselwa ukukhuluphala ukungabikhona komthelela omubi ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo. Kwezidakamizwa ezibhaliswe eRussia, yi-Orlistat kuphela nama-analogues aphephile kuleli phuzu lokubuka.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa kwazo, kuboniswe kwimiyalo yokusetshenziswa:

Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule

• Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
• Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
• Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
• Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
• Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%

• inkomba yesisindo somzimba ngenhla kwe-30;
• I-BMI inkulu kune-27, isiguli sinesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela noma i-hypertension.

Kuzona zozimbili lezi zinhlobo, ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kufanele kube ngokwejwayelekile isisindo. Lapho uthatha i-Orlistat, ukudla okunciphisiwe kwekhalori kuyadingeka. Amafutha kufanele angabi ngaphezulu kwama-30% wamakhalori aphelele.

Esifundweni sokusebenza ngempumelelo nokuphepha kwe-Orlistat, abantu abangaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-30 bahlanganyela. Imiphumela yalezi zifundo:

1. Umphumela ojwayelekile wokuphuza i-Orlistat wezinyanga eziyi-9 ukwehla kwesisindo.
2. Ukwehla okujwayelekile kokujikeleza okhalweni konyaka kwakungu-8 cm.
3. Konke ukubuyekezwa kokuncipha kwesisindo mayelana ne-Orlistat kuyavuma ukuthi ukwehla kakhulu kwesisindo kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezi-3 zokuqala.
4. Isibonakaliso sokuthi umuthi uyasebenza futhi udinga ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa ukwehliswa kwesisindo esingaphezu kwama-5% ezinyangeni ezi-3. Ukwehla kwesisindo ezigulini ezivela kuleli qembu ngemuva konyaka kungu-14% wesisindo sokuqala.
5. Umuthi awupheli umphumela wawo okungenani iminyaka emi-4 yokusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.
6. Ngesikhathi esifanayo nokwehlisa isisindo, zonke iziguli zikhombise ukuthuthuka kwezempilo, ikakhulukazi, ukwehla kwengcindezi ne-cholesterol.
7. Ku-diabetes, ukuzwela kwe-insulin kuyanda, umthamo wezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic uyancipha.
8. Kubantu abane-metabolism ejwayelekile ye-carbohydrate, ingozi yesifo sikashukela incishiswa ngama-37%, ezigulini ezine-prediabetes - ngama-45%.
9. Iziguli ezazinqunyelwe ukudla kanye ne-placebo zalahlekelwa ngo-6.2% wesisindo sazo ngonyaka. Ukulahlekelwa isisindo, onamathela ekudleni futhi wathatha i-Orlistat - i-10.3%.

Ngabe umuthi usebenza kanjani?

I-Orlistat ibizwa ngokuthi i-block blocker. Umphumela wayo ukucindezelwa kwama-lipases - ama-enzyme, ngenxa yokuthi amafutha aqhekeke phansi ekudleni. Indlela yokusebenza isebenza ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe emiyalweni: into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa ibopha imithambo emgodini wokugaya ukudla, ngemuva kwalokho ilahlekelwe amandla okuphula i-triglycerides ibe yi-monoglycerides namafutha acid. Ifomu elingashiwongo, ama-triglycerides awakwazi ukudonswa, ngakho-ke, akhululwa ngamalondolo ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2. I-Orlistat ayinawo umthelela kwamanye ama-enzyme wesisu.

Umuthi unganciphisa ukumuncwa kwamafutha cishe ngama-30%. Amafutha yizithako eziphakeme kakhulu zamakhalori, ku-1 g wamafutha - ngaphezu kwe-9 kcal (ngokuqhathanisa, kumaprotheni nama-carbohydrate - cishe ama-4). Ukulahlekelwa kwabo kuholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kokuqukethwe kwekhalori kokudla futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukunciphisa isisindo.

I-Orlistat isebenza kuphela esiswini esincane nesisu. Akukho ngaphezu kwe-1% yesidakamizwa esifakwa egazini. Ekuhlushweni okuphansi okunjalo, akunamphumela obalulekile emzimbeni wonke. I-Orlistat ayinayo imiphumela enobuthi noma i-carcinogenic. Akuhambisani nemithi eminingi ebekelwe umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo. I-Orlistat ayinawo umthelela omubi emathunjini. Ngokwemiyalo, ngemuva komthamo wokugcina wesidakamizwa, umsebenzi we-lipases ubuyiselwa ngokugcwele ngemuva kwamahora angama-72.

Ngaphezu komphumela oqondile wezokwelapha, i-Orlistat yenza abantu banciphise isisindo ngendlela eyalwe ngokwengeziwe ekudleni okunqunyelwe. Iziguli kufanele ziqaphele njalo ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, ngoba lapho kudliwa ama-gramu angama-70 noma ngaphezulu wamafutha ngosuku noma ukudla nokuqukethwe okunamafutha okungaphezulu kwama-20% ngemuva kokusetshenziswa komuthi, kuphakama ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla: ukuthokomala, ukunxenxa okuvame ukwenzeka, ubunzima ekubambeni indle, ukuhudula kungenzeka. Isenkozo siba amafutha. Ngomkhawulo wamafutha, imiphumela emincane incane.

Ukwakheka nefomu lokukhululwa

Abakhiqizi abangathengisa isidakamizwa sabo eRussia:

I-Orlistat ikhiqizwa ikakhulukazi ngesimo samaphilisi. Ingxenye esebenzayo i-orlistat, kanti enye ingxenye eyengeziwe yi-microcrystalline cellulose, talc, gelatin, povidone, udayi, i-sodium lauryl sulfate. Izinketho zomthamo ojwayelekile zingama-60 noma i-120 mg. Umthamo uncike ekutheni umuthi uzothengiswa kuwe ekhemisi onikezwa umuthi noma cha. I-Orlistat 120 mg - umuthi onikezwa ngokuqinile umuthi; i-Orlistat 60 mg engasebenzi kahle (Mini) ithengiswa ngokukhululekile.

Malini umuthi:

• IPoland Orlistat 120 mg - ama-ruble ayi-1020. iphakethe ngalinye lamaphilisi angama-42, ngo-1960 rub. - ama-PC ama-84. Umthamo we-60 mg ubiza ama-ruble angama-450. ama-pcs angama-42;
• Intengo emakhemisi ka-Orlistat Canon incane kancane, isuka kuma-ruble angama-900. ukupakishwa okuncane kuze kufike kuma-ruble ayi-1700. kokuningi;
• Amathebhulethi e-Orlistat Mini athengiswa ngentengo yama-ruble angama-460. ezibhebheni ezingama-60;
• I-Orlistat evela kwa-Atoll yabhaliswa ngo-2018, ayikathengiswa.

Ungayithatha kanjani i-Orlistat

Isheduli ejwayelekile yokuthatha i-Orlistat kathathu ngosuku, i-120 mg lilinye. Umuthi kufanele udakwe kungakapheli ihora eli-1 kusukela ngesikhathi sokudla. Uma ukudla kweqiwe noma kungabikho mafutha kuyo, lo myalezo uncoma ukweqa ikhabethe elilandelayo, ukusebenza kahle kokunciphisa umzimba ngeke kwehle ngenxa yalokhu.

I-Orlistat yiyona kuphela izidakamizwa zokukhuluphala ezingathathwa isikhathi eside, ucwaningo luqinisekisile ukuphepha kokudla okweminyaka engu-4 ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Umuthi wokwelashwa kungenzeka futhi ukuvikela ukukhuluphala ngokweqile ezigulini esezilahlekelwe isisindo manje.

I-Orlistat ingabhekwa njengohlobo lokuhlolwa kwamafutha ngokweqile ekudleni. Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, i-perforce yokulahlekelwa isisindo kufanele inamathele ekudleni okunamafutha amancane. Kodwa-ke, ngeke asindise ku-kilojoule ekudleni kwe-carbohydrate. Uma ukhetha amazambane, ama-khekhe, ama-dessert, ukunciphisa umzimba ku-Orlistat kuzobe kungasebenzi.

Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-Orlistat kuphumelele, imiyalo yokusebenzisa itusa ukungeza ukubanjwa kwe-capsule ngokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila:

1. Ukudla okukhethiwe ngakunye. Lapho i-atherossteosis ingafakwa emafutheni ezilwane, ngemali encane ishiya izinhlanzi namafutha zemifino. Ngesifo sikashukela, wonke ama-carbohydrate asheshayo ayasuswa.
2. Ukuvinjelwa kwekhalori. Ukudla kufanele kunikeze ukusilela ngosuku cishe kwama-600 kcal. Ukwehla kwesisindo ngaphansi kwalezo zimo kusuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1 kg ngeviki. Ijubane elisheshayo lingaba yingozi.
3. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwamathumbu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lokhu kudla kuyacetshiswa ngefayibha, akunakuthi lapho bekhawulela uketshezi, noma kukhona phambi kwe-edema. Akunakwenzeka ukuthuthukisa isenzo se-Orlistat, kokubili ukuphuza okokuhlanza kanye ne-laxatives, nokuvusa ukuhlanza.
4. Ukulinganiselwa kotshwala, ukwenqatshwa kwe-nicotine.
5. Ukubuyekezwa kwesimo sokudla. Ukuthambisa izitsha zokubheka nokuhogela, inkampani enhle, idili elingumkhosi akufanele kube yisizathu sokunye ukudla. Ukwehla kwesisindo okusebenzayo, ukuphela kwesizathu sokudla kufanele kube yindlala.
6. Ukwanda komsebenzi womzimba. Ubukhulu bomthwalo bunqunywa udokotela. Lapho kukhona ukukhuluphala, kuvame ukukhawulelwa ekuhambeni okuningana (mhlawumbe ngokubalwa kwezinyathelo) nokubhukuda okusebenzayo.

Kungaba khona i-overdose

Isichasiselo sithi imizamo yokwandisa umthamo we-Orlistat ukuze wehlise isisindo ngokushesha ngeke ilethe impumelelo. Amandla we-lipase inhibition ngeke ande, ukususwa kwamafutha kuzohlala kungashintshiwe. Kuliqiniso, i-overdose ngeke yenzeke. Kwatholakala ukuthi ukuphathwa kwezinyanga eziyisithupha komuthi ku-dosi ephindwe kabili futhi nokusetshenziswa okukodwa kwamaphilisi ama-6 ngasikhathi sinye kuphephile futhi kungandisi imvamisa yemiphumela emibi.

Ukubekezelela kuka-Orlistat kuhlolwa ngodokotela njengokwenelisayo. Ngokusho kweziguli, ama-31% abike izitofu ezinamafutha, ama-20% - imvamisa yokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Ku-17%, nokudla okuphezulu kwamafutha, kunokukhishwa okuncane kwamafutha okwakungahlotshaniswa nokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Ukwenqatshwa ukwelashwa ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yokulahlekelwa isisindo okuyi-0.3%.

Contraindication

Njengoba umphumela we-Orlistat ulinganiselwe emgomeni wesisu, ukuphambana kwemithi ekwelashweni kuncane. Umuthi awunqunyelwe i-malabsorption engapheli yezakhi (i-malabsorption) ne-cholestatic syndrome. Contraindication ukungabekezeleli kunoma yiziphi izingxenye zamaphilisi. Umenzi ulinganisa ubungozi bokungezwani komzimba njengento ephansi (ngaphansi kuka-0,1%), kulabo abanciphisa isisindo, i-rash, itching, ne-angioedema abayifakiwe.

Kwabashukela abanesifo sikashukela abathatha i-Orlistat futhi abakhuthele ngokwehlisa isisindo, ukulawulwa koshukela okuvame kakhulu kunconywa yimiyalo yokusebenzisa. Ngokuncipha kwesisindo, imithamo yezidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela iba mikhulu kakhulu, engavusa i-hypoglycemia.

Ama-analog namagama

Ama-analogues aphelele we-Orlistat izidakamizwa kuphela ezinento efanayo esebenzayo namadoski afanayo. E-Russian Federation babhalisiwe:

Umuthi wokuqala yiXenical. Kusukela ngonyaka ka-2017, amalungelo anayo angokwenkampani yaseJalimane i-Chelapharm. Phambilini, iqembu likaRoche lezinkampani beliphethe isitifiketi sokubhaliswa. I-Xenical yisidakamizwa esibiza kakhulu esisetshenziswa ku-orlistat. Intengo yamaphilisi ama-21 - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-800., Ama-capsules angama-84 - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-2900.

Phakathi kwezidakamizwa zokunciphisa isisindo ngokunye okusebenzayo e-Russia, kusetshenziswa i-sibutramine (i-Reduxin, amalungiselelo we-Goldline). Inomphumela ophakathi nendawo: isheshisa ukugcwala, inciphise isifiso sokudla. Ngezifo zenhliziyo, ukuthatha i-sibutramine kuyabulala, ngakho-ke kuthengiswa ngokuqinile ngomuthi.

Ukubuyekezwa kokunciphisa umzimba