Kungani ukuphefumula kunuka njenge-acetone: indlela yokuqeda iphunga

Ngesikhathi sokuxhumana okusondelene, singathola iphunga le-acetone lisuka emlonyeni we-interlocutor. Imvamisa umuntu akasisoli isici esinjalo sokuphefumula kwakhe, ngakho-ke, isikhathi eside kungenzeka angazazi izinkinga emzimbeni wakhe. I-Acetone ingumkhiqizo owenziwe ngemetabolism, ukubonakala kwephunga layo lokuphefumula ezimweni eziningi kukhombisa ukuntuleka kwe-glucose isikhathi eside kwezicubu zomzimba, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, emisipha. Lokhu kushoda kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana. Kwezinye izimo, i-acetone ikhiqizwa njengempendulo yezinto eziphilayo ekudleni okuvinjelwe i-carbohydrate noma ukubulawa yindlala, kepha kwesinye isikhathi iphunga elingathandeki lingaba umphumela wezinkinga ezinkulu emzimbeni, njengesifo sikashukela esithuthukile.

Izimbangela zephunga lokuphefumula kwe-acetone

Amakha ka-Putrid ne-acidic ngokuvamile abangela izifo zohlelo lokugaya ukudla, amazinyo, nomlomo womlomo. Kepha ngephunga lamakhemikhali, kwesinye isikhathi elizwakala kusuka emlonyeni, i-acetone imvamisa isolwa. Le nto ingenye yemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakathi ye-metabolism ejwayelekile yomzimba. I-acetone ingeqembu lezinto ezihlanganisayo ezibizwa ngokuthi imizimba ye-ketone. Ngaphezu kwe-acetone, iqembu lifaka i-acetoacetate ne-β-hydroxybutyrate. Ukwakheka kwabo kwinqubo ye-metabolism ejwayelekile ibizwa ngokuthi yi-ketosis.

Ake sibhekisise ukuthi kusho ukuthini iphunga le-acetone. Abahlinzeki begesi abiza kakhulu umzimba wethu ama-carbohydrate avela ekudleni. Njengomthombo wokudla ogciniwe, izitolo ze-glycogen, izakhiwo zamaphrotheni, namafutha zingasetshenziswa. Okuqukethwe okugcwele kwe-caloric kwe-glycogen emzimbeni wethu kungaphezu kuka-3000 kcal, ngakho-ke izinqolobane zakhe ziphela ngokushesha. Amandla wamandla wamaprotheni namafutha cishe ayi-160 000 kcal.

Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule

• Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
• Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
• Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
• Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
• Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%

Kungokwendleko zabo ukuthi singaphila izinsuku eziningana ngisho namasonto singadli. Ngokwemvelo, umzimba ungcono futhi ungcono kakhulu endaweni yokuqala yokusebenzisa amafutha futhi uwulondoloze kuya emisipha yokugcina, eye, ngokuvamile, iyenza. Ngesikhathi se-lipolysis, amafutha agqekeza abe ngama-acid acid. Angena esibindini futhi aguqulwa abe yi-acetyl coenzyme A. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ama-ketones. Imizimba yenxenye ye-ketone ingena kwezicubu zemisipha, inhliziyo, izinso nezinye izitho futhi ibe yimithombo yamandla kuzo. Uma isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwama-ketones sisezingeni eliphansi kunezinga lokwakheka kwabo, okweqile kudalulwa ezinso, emgodini wesisu, emaphashini nasekhunjeni. Kulokhu, iphunga le-acetone elisobala livela kumuntu. Umoya uphela ngomlomo uyanuka, iphunga liyaqina ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, ngoba i-acetone ingena ekujuleni.

Kumuntu omdala, ukwakheka kwemizimba ye-ketone kuvame ukukhawulelwa ku-ketosis. Okuhlukile wukuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba, okungaholela ku-ketoacidosis, okuyingozi empilweni nokuphila. Kulokhu, ukususwa kwe-acetone kuyaphazamiseka, izinto ezinobuthi zibuthana emzimbeni, futhi i-acid yegazi iyashintsha.

Kungani i-interlocutor iphunga njenge-acetone:

Izici zamandla

Iphunga le-acetone ngesikhathi sokuphefumula, okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzila ukudla noma ukungondleki isikhathi eside, impendulo evamile yomzimba yokuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate. Lokhu akuyona i-pathology, kepha ukusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi komzimba wethu, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha. Kulokhu, i-acetone ayibeki ebungozini, ukwakheka kwayo kuyema ngokushesha ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwanoma yikuphi ukudla kwe-carbohydrate, i-acetone eyeqile idluliselwa ezinsweni nasemlonyeni, ngaphandle kokuba nomphumela obalulekile onobuthi emzimbeni.

Izinqubo ze-ketosis, okungukuthi, ukwephulwa kwamafutha, zisuselwa esenzweni sokudla okuningi okusebenzayo kokunciphisa umzimba:

1. Uhlelo lokudla lwe-Atkins, olunikeza ukuncipha okubukhali kokudla kwe-carbohydrate kanye nokuguqula umzimba ekusebenzeni amafutha.
2. Ukudla okunempilo ngokusho kwe-Ducan kanye ne-analogue yakhe eyenziwe lula ekudleni kweKremlin kususelwa kulawulo lwezinqubo ze-ketosis. Ukwephulwa kwamafutha kubangelwa ukukhawulelwa okubukhali kwama-carbohydrate. Lapho kunezimpawu ze-ketosis, eyinhloko yazo iphunga le-acetone, inqubo yokunciphisa isisindo igcinwa isezingeni elifanele.
3. Ukudla kwesikhashana saseFrance kuklanyelwe amasonto ama-2 wemikhawulo eqinile. Okokuqala, ama-carbohydrate awafakwa kwimenyu.
4. Ukudla kukaProtasov kuthatha amasonto ama-5. Njengokwedlule, kubonakaliswa ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori, inani elikhulu lamaprotheni. Ama-carbohydrate emelelwa kuphela imifino engeyona eyisitashi nezithelo ezithile.

Ukudla okuthi kusebenze i-ketosis kuvame ukuholela ekuwohlokeni kwesikhashana enhlalakahleni. Ngaphezu kwephunga eliphuma emlonyeni, ukunciphisa umzimba kungadala ubuthakathaka, ukungaxineki, ukukhathala, izinkinga zokuxineka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwamaprotheni okwandayo kungaba yingozi ezinso, futhi ukuncipha okubukhali kwe-carbohydrate kugcwele ukuphazamiseka kanye nokubuya okusheshayo kwesisindo esilahlekile. Abesilisa babekezelela i-ketosis kubi kakhulu kunabesifazane, izimpawu zabo ezingemnandi zivame ukuzwakala kakhulu. Ukunciphisa isisindo kahle, kungaphunga emlonyeni, amadoda kufanele adle okungenani i-1500 kcal, abesifazane - 1200 kcal. Cishe ama-50% amakhalori okufanele aqhamuke kuma-carbohydrate enempilo: imifino nezinhlamvu.

I-carbohydrate metabolism

Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukwanda okwandisiwe kwe-acetone kungaba umphumela wokuncipha kwesifo. Uma isiguli esinanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela noma uhlobo 2 luqalile sinezinkinga ezibucayi ze-insulin, ushukela ulahlekelwa yikhono ukungena ngaphakathi kwezicubu. Amaseli emzimbeni ahlangabezana nokushoda kwamandla okufana nokwendlala isikhathi eside. Banelisa izidingo zabo zamandla ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamafutha, kuyilapho iphunga elicacile le-acetone lizwakala lisuka emlonyeni wesifo sikashukela. Izinqubo ezifanayo zenzeka ngokungahambi kahle kwe-insulin, okuvame ukutholakala kwiziguli ezikhuluphele ezinesifo sikashukela.

Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, ushukela ungena emithanjeni, kepha ungadedelwa kuwo ungene ezicutshini. Isiguli sikhula ngokushesha ushukela wegazi. Kulesi simo, ushintsho ku-acidity yegazi kungenzeka, ngenxa yokuthi i-ketosis ephephile yezempilo idlulela ku-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Esigulini esinesifo sikashukela, ukuphuma komchamo kuyanda, ukuphuma komzimba kuqala, ukudakwa kuyaqina. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukwephulwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-metabolism kwenzeka, okungaholela ekukholekeni nasekufeni.

Iphunga le-acetone lingadalwa nokudla okuqinile kakhulu kwe-carb, abanye abanesifo sikashukela abanamathela kukho. I-acetone kuleli cala itholakala umchamo, iphunga layo lizwakala emoyeni likhishwa liphuma emlonyeni. Uma i-glycemia ingaphakathi kwemingcele evamile noma ikhuphuke kancane, lesi simo sivamile. Kepha uma i-glucose inkulu kune-13, ingozi yokwanda kwe-ketoacidosis kwisifo sikashukela ikhuphuka, udinga ukujova i-insulin noma ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic.

Utshwala

Ama-ketones akhiqizwa ngentshiseko ngesikhathi sokudakwa okungapheli komzimba ngotshwala, iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni lizwakala kakhulu emva kwezinsuku eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokukhuluphala okunzima. Isizathu sephunga yi-acetaldehyde, eyakhiwa ngesikhathi sokudla kwe-ethanol. Ivuselela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzymes akhuthaza ukwakheka kwezidumbu ze-ketone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshwala buvimbela ukwakheka kwe-glucose esibindini. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukugxila kwayo egazini kuyancipha, izicubu zihlangabezana nendlala, i-ketosis iyaqina. Uma isimo sikhinyabezeka ngokuphelelwa ngamandla, kungavela i-ketoacidosis yotshwala.

Ingozi enkulu kakhulu ye-ketoacidosis iku-diabetes, ngakho-ke alinganiselwe ku-15 g wotshwala obumsulwa kwabesifazane kanye no-30 g kwabesilisa ngosuku.

Isifo se-yegilo

I-Hyperthyroidism, noma ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid, kunomthelela oqondile kumetabolism namazinga e-hormone:

1. Ezigulini, i-metabolism iyathuthukiswa, banciphisa isisindo ngisho nokudla okujwayelekile.
2. Ukwanda kokushisa kubangela ukujuluka, ukungabekezeleli ekushiseni komoya okuphezulu.
3. Ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni namafutha kuyathuthukiswa, izidumbu ze-ketone zakheka inqubo, iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni liyenzeka.
4. Ezocansi ezilungile, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uyaphulwa, kowesilisa osekhulile, ukuwohloka kwe-potency kungenzeka.

I-ketoacidosis ene-hyperthyroidism ingakhula ngokungondleki, isifo sohudo esinzima nokuhlanza. Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke esimweni lapho inhlanganisela ye-thyrotooticosis kanye nesifo sikashukela (autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome).

Isifo se-Glycogen

Le yinqubo eyindlalifa lapho izitolo ze-glycogen zingasetshenziswa ngumzimba ukuthola amandla, ukuwohloka kwamafutha nokukhiqizwa kwe-acetone kuqala ngokushesha lapho ushukela udonswa ekudleni. Isifo se-Glycogen sivame ukutholakala sisemncane kakhulu enganeni eyi-1 kwezingama-200, imvamisa iyafana kwabesilisa nakwabesifazane.

Iphunga i-acetone ephuma emlonyeni wengane

Ukuphefumula okunephunga le-acetone enganeni engaphansi kweminyaka yobudala kungabangelwa yi-acetonemic syndrome. Imbangela yalesi sifo ukwephula komthethonqubo we-carbohydrate metabolism, ukuthambekela kokuncipha ngokushesha kwezindawo ezigcinwa glycogen. Iphunga le-acetone livela ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sokulamba (ingane ayidlanga kahle, yenqaba ukudla kwe-carbohydrate), noma izifo ezithathelanayo eziyingozi.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo se-acetonemic syndrome: iphunga lomsuka wamakhemikhali osuka ngokusobala emlonyeni, umchamo, ubuthi obunzima, ubuthakathaka, ingane kunzima ukuvuka ekuseni, izinhlungu zesisu nohudo kungenzeka. Izingane ezithambekele ezinkingeni ze-acetone zivame ukuba mncane, zifinyeleleke kalula, ngememori eyenziwe kahle. Isikhathi sokuqala abenuka ngaso i-acetone sivela eminyakeni emibili kuya kwengu-8. Lapho ingane ifinyelela ebusheni, lokhu kuphazamiseka kuvame ukunyamalala.

Ezinganeni, ukuphefumula okubi kungaba wuphawu lokushoda kwe-lactase noma ukukhuluma ngokuntuleka komsoco ngenxa yokuntuleka kobisi lwebele nokuphalaza njalo. Uma iphunga lamakhemikhali livela emaphepheni futhi liphefumula, ingane ayikhuli kahle, vakashela udokotela wezingane ngokushesha. Ungalibali ukuthatha uhambo lokuya kudokotela, ngoba ukudakwa isikhathi eside kwabantwana abancane kuyabulala.

Yikuphi ukoma okubonakala ngokuphefumula nge-acetone

I-acetone eyeqile egazini inethonya elinobuthi ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ezimweni ezinzima i-coma ingahle ibe nayo.

Yikuphi ukoma okunganuka i-acetone:

1. Ngokuvamile, umoya we-acetone kubantu abadala awazi lutho - ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela nesifo sikashukela se-ketoacidotic. Ushukela wegazi ezigulini ezinjalo uphakeme kakhulu kunokwejwayelekile.
2. Iphunga ezinganeni ngaphandle kwesifo sikashukela libhekene ne-acetonemic coma, kuyilapho i-glycemia ivamile noma incishiswa kancane. Uma ushukela uphezulu kakhulu, ingane itholakala ngokuqala kwesifo sikashukela ne-ketoacidotic coma.
3. Nge-hypoglycemic coma, akukho phunga eliphuma emlonyeni, kepha i-acetone ingatholakala kumchamo uma isiguli sisanda kuba ne-ketoacidosis.

Okufanele ukwenze nokuthi ungahlukana kanjani

Iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni kumuntu osekhulile ophelelwe isisindo livamile. Yinye kuphela indlela yokukususa: yidla ama-carbohydrate amaningi. Ngokwemvelo, ukusebenza kokuncipha kwesisindo kuzokwehla. Unganciphisa iphunga ngentshungama, isicubu semilomo.

Amaqhinga wokuqeda iphunga le-acetone ezinganeni:

1. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokubonakala kwephunga, ingane idakwe neziphuzo ezimnandi ezifudumele. Lapho uhlanza, uketshezi lunikezwa kaningi, kepha ngezingxenye ezincane.
2. Ukudla okunempilo kufanele kube lula, okuphezulu. I-Semolina ne-oatmeal porridge, amazambane ecubuziwe kufanelekile.
3. Ngokuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, izixazululo ze-saline (iRegidron nezinye) zisetshenziselwa ukuhanjiswa, ushukela empeleni ungezwa kubo.

Lapho ukuphefumula kunuka njenge-acetone kumuntu omdala noma ingane enoshukela, ushukela kumele ulinganiswe kuqala. Uma kuvela ukuthi liphezulu, kuthathwa umthamo owengeziwe we-insulin esigulini.

Ukuvimbela

Ukuvimbela okuhle kwephunga le-acetone kungukudla okunempilo. Uma kudingeka ukudla okune-carb ephansi, inani lamalanga we-carbohydrate kufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-150 amagremu kwabesilisa, i-130 g kwabesifazane.

Ama-diabetes kanye neziguli ezine-hypothyroidism ukuqeda iphunga kudingeka ukuthi abukeze irejimenti yokwelashwa futhi afeze isinxephezelo sesikhathi eside sesifo.

Izingane ezinomkhuba wokuhlakulela i-acetone zinconywa ukwandisa inani lama-carbohydrate ekudleni, engeza ukudla okulula okudingayo ngaphambi kokulala. Ngamakhaza, ubuthi, isimo somntwana sibhekwe ngokucophelela, ngokubukeka kwephunga, ngokushesha bamnika iziphuzo ezimnandi.