Ushukela ovumelekile ezinganeni

Isifo sikashukela ukugula okungathi sína okungenzeka ngisho nasebusheni nasebusheni. Kungumkhuba ushukela wegazi ezinganeni okungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezikhuluma ngempilo yomzimba. Odokotela batusa ukulinganisa njalo amazinga kashukela ukuze kuvikeleke izifo noma kuhlolwe ushintsho lwe-pathological esiteji sokuqala sokukhula.

Imininingwane ye-glucose

Lapho ukudla kungena emgodini we-gastrointestinal, ihlephuka ibe izingxenye ezincane (amaprotheni, amafutha kanye ne-carbohydrate). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingxenye zokwakha ziphinda zivele zihlukane, okuphumela ekwakhekeni kwezinhlayiya eziyisakhiwo, esinye sazo esibalulekile glucose.

I-monosaccharide ingena emthanjeni wegazi, futhi ubuchopho buthola isibonakaliso sokuthi izinga le-glycemia lenyukile. Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi ibika le pancreas, efaka i-insulin ngemfihlo ukusatshalaliswa okufanele kwe-glucose kwezicubu namaseli omzimba.

I-insulin yi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kokuthi i-glucose ingenakungena emangqamuzaneni futhi kuzoba nenani likashukela egazini. Emzimbeni ophilile, inani elifanelekile le-monosaccharide lisetshenziselwa izindleko zamandla, kuthi okunye okusele kungena izicubu zomzimba nezinamafutha.

Ngemuva kokuphela kwenqubo yokugaya, inqubo yokubuyela emuva iqala, ibonakala ngokukhiqizwa kwe-glucose kusuka ku-glycogen ne-lipids. Ngenxa yalolu hlelo, umzimba uqapha njalo ushukela egazini. I-Monosaccharide yenza imisebenzi elandelayo emzimbeni wezingane:

• Ithatha iqhaza ezinqubweni eziningi ezibalulekile ze-metabolic.
• Isebenza njengophethiloli wezicubu namaseli esitho esikhulayo.
• Iyondla ingqondo.
• Kuvimba umuzwa wendlala.
• Ithoba izikhawu zokuxineka.

Amamethrikhi avumelekile

Ochwepheshe bakwazile ukuthola izinkomba ezifanele ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa emhlabeni jikelele. Zethulwe etafuleni likashukela wegazi ezinganeni (imininingwane ikhonjiswe ku-mmol / l):

Uma izinga likashukela likhuphuke ngaphezu kwe-6 mmol / l, odokotela bathi kukhona i-hyperglycemia. Lesi simo singaba sesikhashana futhi kwesinye isikhathi siyanyamalala sisodwa. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, inqubo iba ngokwendalo futhi idinga ukwelashwa.

Ngokwethebula lezinto, ushukela wegazi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kuka-2,5 mmol / l kusho isimo se-hypoglycemic. Lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi, ngoba izitho azitholi amandla adingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile.

Izizathu zokuphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile

Izinga likashukela wegazi ezinganeni lingahlukunyezwa hhayi ngenxa yezici ze-pathological kuphela, kodwa futhi nangenxa yezinqubo zomzimba. Uma ingane ingadli ama-carbohydrate anele, ingatholakala nge-hypoglycemia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga kashukela aphansi kungenzeka. ngenxa yezizathu ezinjengokuthi:

• Indlala ende.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamapheshana emathunjini, ama-pancreas.
• Izifo ezingamahlalakhona
• Ukwakheka kwe-insuloma, okuveza ngokungalawuleki ukukhipha i-insulin egazini.
• Ukulimala kobuchopho.
• Ukunobuthi ngezinto ezinobungozi.

Ngoshukela ophansi, abazali bananzelela ukuthi izingane zihlala zizizwa zilambile, zivame ukuba phuzi, zinokuthuthumela kwemikhawulo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha ingahle ingasazi isimo sayo, ngakho-ke umama nobaba badinga ngempela ukubona izinguquko empilweni yengane. Uma i-hypoglycemia iqhubeka, ingane ingathola ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukudideka, kanye noshintsho ekukhulumeni.

Kepha i-hyperglycemia, ushukela wegazi ophakeme kungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-carbohydrate. Ngokuvamile izingane zithanda amaswidi kakhulu futhi kungemva kokudla okunjalo lapho izinga likashukela egazini likhuphuka.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kubazali ukulawula izinga likashukela egazini enganeni, ngoba nasebuntwaneni ukuthi kungaba khona ifomu lesifo sikashukela elincike ebuntwaneni. Ungaqokomisa Izimbangela ezilandelayo ze-hyperglycemia:

• Isakhi sofuzo.
• Izinqubo zokuvuvukala noma ukuba khona kwesimila kumanyikwe.
• Izifo ezithathelwanayo zesikhathi esedlule.
• Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal.

Uma ingane ivame ukoma, indlala nokuchama - lesi yisizathu esihle sokucabanga ngezinga loshukela egazini.

Ngokudlondlobala kwesimo se-hyperglycemic, ingane ingahle ibe nobuhlungu bekhanda, inkungu phambi kwamehlo, isiyezi futhi nobuhlungu besisu esiswini. Izingane zizizwa zilele futhi ziphazamisekile. Kuvela iphunga elithile le-acetone ephuma emlonyeni.

Isifo sikashukela ezinsaneni

Ezinganeni, isifo sikashukela siyivelakancane kakhulu. Ukuxilongwa kwaso kunzima kakhulu ukukufeza, ngoba ingane ayikwazi ukusho ukuthi yini ngempela emhluphayo. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zalesi sifo ziyahlukaniswa:

• Umuzwa ohlala womile.
• Ukuchama kaningi ngamanani amakhulu.
• Ngaphansi.
• Ukumunca i-acetone ephuma emlonyeni.
• Isimo esibulalayo esivamile.
• Ukuqhafaza
• Ukuvela kokuqhamuka kwekhwapha.
• Amanxeba aphola isikhathi eside kakhulu.
• Ukuphefumula kakhulu.

Izimpawu aziveli ngosuku olufanayo, lesi sifo siyaqhubeka kancane kancane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhomba ukuphambuka kusenesikhathi ukuze uvikele izinkinga. Isifo sikashukela enganeni singenzeka ngenxa ye-pathologies ye-pancreas noma ukwelashwa ngemithi ye-anticancer ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma umama enesifo sikashukela, kunengozi yokuthi lesi sifo sidluliselwe enganeni.

Lapho unikela ngegazi nge-glucose, izinga elijwayelekile kosana liyi-2.7-4.4 mmol / L. Uma ingane inezinkomba ezingeqile, kuzobhalwa okunye ukuhlolwa. Kungemva kokuqinisekiswa kokuphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile ukuxilongwa okwenziwe. Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala, okujwayelekile ushukela kuyefana nasezinganeni.

Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa ziphathwa ngemijovo ye-insulin. Uma ingane idla izingxube, idluliselwa ekudleni okukhethekile (ngaphandle kweglucose). Uma ingane inceliswa ibele, umama kufanele abambelele ekudleni okukhethekile okunokuqukethwe okuphansi kwama-carbohydrate.

Uma kwenzeka kuboniswa izinkomba ezandayo enganeni enonyaka owodwa, kuyadingeka ukufaka izithelo ezingafakiwe, imifino enosiwe, imikhiqizo yobisi ebilisiwe engenawo ushukela kwimenyu yakhe.

Izifo Zasenkulisa

Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela ezinganeni zasenkulisa zivela ngenxa yesifo sofuzo. Uma izihlobo zengane zinayo le ndlela yokusebenza, ubungozi bokugula ngamaphesenti angama-30. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izimbangela zesifo:

• Ukhuluphele.
• Ukuvama kokuvama kwezinzwa kanye nezimo ezicindezelayo.
• Izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba.

Ezinganeni zasenkulisa, i-glycemia ejwayelekile ingu-3.3-5.0 mmol / L. Uma ukuhlolwa okutholakele kukhombisa ukwephulwa, kunqunywa ukuthi kubuye kuhlolwe kabusha. Izingane ezincane zivame ukwesaba odokotela, futhi izimo ezicindezelayo zingathinta imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Uma i-prognosis engathandeki iqinisekisiwe, i-endocrinologist ibandakanyeka ekwelashweni.

Izingane zinikezwa imijovo ye-insulin nokudla okuphansi kwe-carb. Ukwelashwa kunganciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga. Uma ungazinaki izincomo zikadokotela, lokhu kuzobandakanya izinkinga ezinkulu. Ingane ishiye ngemuva kontanga yayo ekuthuthukisweni, ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa, ukuphuma komzimba okubonakalayo kuyancipha, kuvela izinkinga ohlelweni lokujikeleza. Isimo se-glucose ezinganeni ngu-3.3-5.5 mmol / L.

Inkambo yalesi sifo kwintsha

Ezimweni eziningi, intsha itholwa nesifo sikashukela esivele singanakwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-pathology inzima kakhulu ukuyelapha, ngoba isizinda se-hormonal sishintsha kakhulu ngenxa yenqubo yokuthomba.

Emantombazaneni, isifo sikashukela sivame ukutholakala kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10, kubafana - kusukela eminyakeni eyi-13 kuya kwengu-14. Eya ocansini olungile, lesi sifo siqatha kakhulu. Ukusukela eminyakeni yobudala eyishumi, okujwayelekile ushukela wegazi kuyinkomba ye-3.3-5.5 mmol / l (njengakudala). Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa kabili.

Ukwelashwa kwentsha kuhloswe ngayo ekwenzeni ushukela wegazi kube okwejwayelekile nokunciphisa isisindo somzimba ngokweqile. Odokotela banquma imijovo ye-insulin, ukudla okuqinile kwe-carb, nokuzivocavoca. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukugwema ukucindezela nokukhathala ngokweqile. Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza ukwelashwa ngalesisikhathi, osemusha oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala uzama ukungaveli phakathi kwabangane bakhe, ngenxa yalokho, angaphula ukudla okunconyiwe futhi anganaki imijovo. Indlela enjalo ingaholela emiphumeleni edabukisa kakhulu. Nazi ezimbalwa nje:

• Ukwephulwa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kumantombazane.
• Ukuvela kokumiswa ku-groin.
• Ukuvela kwesikhunta.
• Kwehliswe ukubonwa okubonakalayo.
• Izinkinga zengqondo.
• Ukuzizwa kungaphatheki kahle.
• Izifo ezenzeka njalo ezithathelwanayo kanye nezigciwane.
• Izilonda ezimbi zesikhumba.
• Ukuvela kwezibazi.

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, i-ketoacidosis ingaqhamuka, okungaholela ekukhubazekeni, ekhubazekile futhi ibeke nosongo empilweni. Ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, imizimba ye-ketone ingakheka, iphunga le-acetone elivela emlonyeni liyavela.

Ngoshukela owandisiwe, ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindwayo kuyadingeka. Kwesinye isikhathi imiphumela ingaba ayilungile ngenxa yokuthi ukulungiswa kokuhlaziywa akubanjwanga kahle, futhi ngenxa yokuxineka, izifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine, ukwelashwa ngemithi ethile. Kungcono futhi ukuthatha isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Ukuxilongwa kwelabhoratri kuzonquma izinga kashukela wegazi ngokuhlaziya igazi le-capillary. Ngaphambi kokuhambela umtholampilo, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe Imithetho elandelayo:

• Kuyadingeka ukunikela ngegazi ngokuphelele esiswini esingenalutho.
• Ekuseni ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, awukwazi ukuphuza itiye, ikhofi nezinye iziphuzo (amanzi ahlanzekile kuphela amukelekile).
• Kungcono ukungagcini amazinyo akho, ngoba ushukela oqukethwe kukuxubha kwamazinyo kungangena emzimbeni.

Lapho sekutholwe imiphumela engagculisi, kunqunywa ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela. Ingane ithatha igazi emthanjeni, emva kwalokho inikezwe isixazululo nge-glucose futhi emva kwesikhathi esithile ukuhlaziywa kuyaphindwa.

Kusetshenziswa imitha

I-Glucometer iyithuluzi elikuvumela ukunquma izinga le-glycemia. Ukwenza ucwaningo, kusetshenziswa ithonsi legazi emgqeni wokuhlolwa. Ukuze uthole umphumela ofanele, kufanele uthobele izincomo ezilandelayo:

• Izandla zengane nalowo ozobe esenza ukuhlaziya kufanele zigezwe kahle.
• Umunwe ungalashwa ngotshwala bese ulinda indawo yome.
• Umunwe ophakathi nendawo, omncane noma omncane ubhobozwa ngesikhafu. Ukuhlaziywa ezinsaneni, ungasebenzisa isithende noma izindlebe.
• Uma kudingeka ukuthi kubuye kuhlolwe kabusha, akunakwenzeka ukugwaza endaweni efanayo naphambilini. Lokhu kuzokwandisa ubungozi bokuvuvukala.
• Ithonsi legazi lokuqala lisuswa kusetshenziswa uboya bekotini, bese kwesibili kufakwa emgqeni wokuhlolwa.
• Idivayisi ikhombisa umphumela kwisibonisi.

Izincomo zabazali

Uma izinkomba ziphambuka kokujwayelekile, udokotela unquma ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Abazali badinga ukuqapha inqubo yokwelashwa futhi bavame ukukhumbuza ingane ngokubaluleka kokulandela izincomo zikadokotela. Kuyadingeka:

• Hlinzeka ukusekelwa kwengqondo kwengane. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze ingane ingazizwa iphansi futhi kulula ukuzivumelanisa nendlela entsha yokuphila.
• Shintsha indlela odla ngayo. Umkhawulo ekudla kwamafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate.
• Ukulawula ukusebenza komzimba. Imidlalo yezokulinganisa izosizakala.
• Landela izinqubo zokuhlanzeka. Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwesikhumba nolwelwesi lwama-mucous kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukwakheka kokulunywa futhi kuvikele ukwanda kwezilonda. Esikhunjeni esomile, ungafaka ukhilimu wezingane.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kusukela esemncane ukuqapha impilo yengane nokulawula izinga loshukela egazini. Izindlela zokuvimbela nokuxilonga kusenesikhathi kuzogwema imiphumela emibi eminingana.