Ingozi yesifo sikashukela

Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo sohlelo lwe-endocrine lapho izinga likashukela wegazi lidlula khona ngo-6.0 mmol / L. Ukhula ubhekene nemvelaphi yokuntuleka kwe-insulin ekhiqizwa ama-pancreas. Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo esivame kakhulu ekhulwini lama-21. Indlela yokuphila engalungile, isizinda sofuzo, ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi nokunye okuningi kungavusa ukubukeka kwayo.

Izinkinga ezinkulu

Izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu iqembu lemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu yesifo sikashukela. Zibeka usongo olukhulu hhayi empilweni kuphela, kodwa nasempilweni yomuntu. Izinkinga ezinjalo zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, zingadala ukulimala okukhulu emzimbeni ngamahora noma izinsuku ezimbalwa.. Kaningi, ngenxa yokuntuleka kosizo okufika ngesikhathi, kuholela ekufeni. Kunemibandela eminingana yesifo sikashukela edinga indlela ehlukile yokwelashwa.

I-ketoacidosis

I-Ketoacidosis yisimo lapho umzimba ungeke ukhiqize khona i-insulin eyanele, kepha izinga le-glucose kanye nemizimba ye-ketone ihlala ikhula njalo. Imizimba yeKetone yimikhiqizo yokuqhekeka kwamafutha, okuthi uma ingena umchamo ibonakaliswe iphunga elinamandla le-acetone. Lokhu kungenxa yoshintsho lwe-acidity emzimbeni, kanye nokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba. I-ketoacidosis ikhula ngokushesha, ingadala ukulimala okukhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ungayibona ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukwehla kwesisindo;
• Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo;
• Umile njalo;
• I-Palpitations, tachycardia;
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda nesiyezi;
• Ukushintshwa kwemilozi, ukwanda kokukhathazeka;
• Isikhumba esomile;
• Ukukhathala, ukozela okungapheli;
• Ukumunca i-acetone ephuma emlonyeni nokwanda ukuchama.

Ngokuntuleka kwesikhathi eside kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, i-ketoacidosis ingaholela enkingeni eyingozi kakhulu - i-edema yamakhemikhali. Kubonakala ngokuqwabelana koketshezi ngaphakathi kwamalunga. Lokhu kucindezela ama-lobes awo, kuholele kumonakalo omkhulu. Ezimweni ezingama-70%, le ndaba iyabulala.

Ukwehluleka kwezinso okwenzekile

Ukwehluleka kwe-renal e-acute yisilonda esidalwa ukuqunjelwa ngamandla komzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinso azihambisani nemisebenzi yazo eqondile futhi ziyeke ukusebenza. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinto ezinobuthi zigcinwa emzimbeni, eziyikhipha ngaphakathi. Kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukwehluleka okubucayi bezinso ngezibonakaliso zokudakwa okujwayelekile:

• Ukudideka;
• Ukuvuvukala kwemikhawulo;
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda nokukhathala.

Ukwelashwa kokuhluleka kwe-renal acute ukuhlehlisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla. Kuze kube yilapho ukuhlaselwa sekumisiwe, isiguli sihlushwa i-dialysis - ukuhlanjululwa kwegazi okwenziwe ubuthi. Lapho izinga likashukela wegazi libuyele kokujwayelekile, izinso ziqala ukusebenza futhi.

I-Hypoglycemia

I-Hypoglycemia yinto lapho izinga le-glucose lehla khona ngaphansi kophawu lwe-2.8 mmol / L. Lesi simo sikhonjiswa izimpawu ezingathandeki kakhulu eziphazamisa indlela yokuphila ejwayelekile. Lapho izinga loshukela lifinyelela iphuzu elibucayi, umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi. Noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka kungaholela kalula ekukhubazekeni nasekufeni. Imvamisa, i-hypoglycemia idala ukulimala okukhulu kolwelwesi lobuchopho. Phakathi kwezinkinga ezinkulu zale ndaba zingaphawulwa:

• Ukwakheka kwezifo zamehlo: i-glaucoma, i-retinopathy, i-cataract;
• Ukulimala kwezinso;
• I-peripheral noma i-autonomic neuropathy;
• Imisipha yesistimu yenhliziyo;
• Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi;
• Ukushaywa yisifo senhliziyo nokushaya kwenhliziyo.

Umphumela oyingozi kakhulu walesi simo ungabizwa ngokuthi yi-hypoglycemic coma. Kulesi simo, ngenxa kashukela wegazi ophansi, umuntu ulahlekelwa ukuqaphela, okwandulelwa ukubanjwa kokuqunjelwa. Imvamisa abantu baphula amathambo noma balimaze izicubu. I-Cerebral edema nayo ingenzeka, okuvame ukuholela ekufeni kwesiguli.

I-Hyperosmolar coma

I-Hyperosmolar coma yisimo esenzeka ngenkambo elinganiselayo yesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, esikhokhelwa ngemithi kanye nokudla okukhiqizwe ngokukhethekile. Kungabizwa ngokuthi inkinga ye-ketoacidotic coma. Ngenxa ye-hyperosmolar coma, abantu bafa ngama-60%, kuzo zonke ezinye izimo abahlangabezana nezinkinga ezinkulu. Le nto ibonakala ngokuxhuma okuqine kakhulu emazingeni kashukela, ngenxa yokuthi ukugcwala koshukela egazini kufinyelela ku-55 mmol / ilitha. Ngasikhathi sinye, isilinganiso sokwanda singaphezulu kwama-300 mosmol / l, kanti i-ketoacidosis ayikho.

Isibikezelo esiqondile salesi simo sincike ezicini zenkambo yalesi sifo. Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufika ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukunciphisa ubunzima bezinkinga. Ngokuvamile, ngenxa ye-hyperosmolar coma, abantu baba nokulimala okukhulu kobuchopho, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezindlebe, umbono, i-Alzheimer's nezinye izifo eziningi zemizwa.

I-Lactic acidosis coma

I-Lectoid coma yinto eyenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ehambisana ne-hypoxemia enzima. Bahlala banezifo ezimbi zohlelo lokuphefumula, uhlelo lwenhliziyo, ukushaqeka noma ukuwa. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni, ukugcwala kwe-glycogen kukhuphuka, okuholela ekwandeni kwezinga le-lactic acid. Le nto idala ukwephulwa kokusebenza kwezinso. Akuvamile, ukufa kwabantu kufinyelela kuma-80%.

Imiphumela emibi

Ukuvela kwemiphumela yokuqala sekwephuze kwesifo sikashukela kuvame ukwenzeka eminyakeni eminingana ngemuva kokuxilongwa kokuqala. Ingozi yabo eyinhloko ilele ekuhambeni kancane, kepha ukuwohloka okuhlala njalo kwenhlala kahle yesiguli. Ukwelashwa okukhethwe kahle nangokuphelele akuhlali njalo kuholela emiphumeleni emihle. Odokotela bathi lezifo ezilandelayo ngemiphumela sekwephuzile.

I-retinopathy

I-retinopathy - izilonda zemithambo esweni okuholela ekwephulweni kokujikeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu uhlakulela i-dystrophy ne-atrophy ye-opic nerve, i-retina exfoliates, futhi kuvame ukuba ubumpumputhe. Ingozi enkulu yalesi simo i-asymptomatic.

Kuyaqabukela, iziguli zibone ukwehla okukhulu kwe-acuity ebonakalayo, ukubonakala kwezindawo ezintantayo emehlweni. Ukuxilongwa kwale nkinga kudinga ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile kochwepheshe abaningana ngasikhathi sinye, kanye nokudlula ngobuningi bezindlela zokuhlolwa kwelebhu nezisetshenziswa.

Ukumisa imiphumela emibi ye-retinopathy emzimbeni, kuyadingeka ukwenza izindlela zokubuyisa izifo ezihlangene. Imvamisa, ama-anticoagulants, amavithamini, ama-vasodilators anqunyelwe le njongo. Ngefomu elithuthukisiwe, i-laser retinal coagulation noma i-hyperbaric oxygenation iyenziwa. Kodwa-ke, kuze kube manje, azikho izidakamizwa ezingamisa ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.

Isifo sikashukela Angiopathy

I-Angiopathy yisifo esenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokulimala kwemithambo yegazi. Futhi, imbangela yalesi simo kungaba ukwephula ekuphatheni kohlelo lwezinzwa.

Phakathi kwemiphumela eyingozi kakhulu yenkinga enjalo kungabizwa ukungaboni ngokuphelele.

I-Angiopathy kungenzeka kubo bonke abadala nasezinganeni. Indlela yokuqanjwa kwesifo esinjalo ilula: inani ngokweqile le-glucose egazini lilimaza izindonga zemithambo, okwephula ukuqhuba kwama-capillaries. Ngenxa yalokhu, kune-blockage yemithambo yegazi, ephazamisa i-metabolism ejwayelekile.

Ukubonakaliswa kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela kuya ngohlobo lwesifo, kanye nobunzima bokuphazamiseka - ngesikhathi sesifo kanye nokunemba kokwelashwa. Lesi simo singenzeka ngokuphelele noma kuphi. Kungabonakala ukopha okuphuma emgodini wesisu, ushintsho esimweni sesikhumba, ukunakwa okungahambi kahle, ukwanda okubukwayo okubonakalayo nezinye izimpawu eziningi.

I-Polyneuropathy

I-Polyneuropathy yisifo lapho kulimala khona izingxenye zangaphakathi zesistimu yezinzwa. Kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokubhujiswa kwezingxenye ezithile ze-distal, ezibhekele ukwenziwa kwezidingo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi sifo siyaqhubeka, siqala ukusakazekela ezindaweni eziseduze. Ingabonakala ngokukhubazeka kwezinhlelo ngazinye. Izimpawu ze-polyneuropathy zingokulandelayo:

• Izinguquko ekuziphatheni;
• Ukwehla okungabonakali okubonakalayo noma ubumpumputhe obugcwele;
• Ukubonakala kwesililo;
• Umuzwa oqhubekayo wokulunywa nokushiswa emilenzeni;
• Ukunaka okungalungile nememori;
• Ukopha ku-esophagus;
• Ukudideka esikhaleni.

Isifo sikashukela

I-Diabetesic unyawo - into lapho izilonda zakha khona emaphethelweni aphansi. Ziyavela ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwemithambo yegazi ngaphansi kwethonya lokuxineka okukhulu koshukela egazini. Konke lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokunakekelwa okungafanele, ukugqoka izicathulo ezingakhululekile nemithwalo eyeqile.

Ngokungabikho isikhathi eside kokwelashwa, lesi simo singadinga ukunqunyelwa okuphelele noma okuyingxenye kwesitho. Unyawo lwesifo sikashukela lungaba yinkimbinkimbi:

• Izilonda - ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambile, eziphawuleka ngamanxeba okukhala nokuqaqamba okuphezulu;
• I-Necrosis - ukufa kwezicubu zomzimba, okuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wonke;
• I-Osteomyelitis - ukufa kwezicubu zamathambo ngokuthuthukiswa okwalandela kwenqubo ye-purother. Kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokusabalala kokutheleleka;
• Ukuguqulwa konyawo - ushintsho esikhundleni seminwe ethintekile, i-arch yonyawo noma umsipha we-atrophy;
• I-Sepsis - ukungena kwezifo noma izicubu ezifile zingene egazini.

Izinkinga ezingamahlalakhona

Izinkinga ezingamahlalakhona zesifo sikashukela zingahlolwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-10-15 yokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.

Izinga elikhuphukile loshukela egazini lihlala lithinta umzimba, libanga ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi igazi lijikeleza emzimbeni wonke, imiphumela yenzeka cishe kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba.

Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlelo zihlupheka ngaphezu kwezinye.

Imikhumbi

Ngokuvamile, ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, kulimala kakhulu imithambo yegazi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubungozi bokuvela kwabo bukhula njalo. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ovame ukutholakala kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, uqinisa isifundo. Futhi, ukungabi bikho kokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala, kanye nokungagcinwa kokudla okukhethekile kungasheshisa izinqubo zokuwohloka.

Lokhu kuholela ekuphazamisweni okukhulu kwe-metabolic, okuthinta ukusebenza kwawo wonke amasistimu emzimbeni. Ingozi enkulu yezinguquko ezinjalo isistimu yenhliziyo. Okokuqala, izinqubo ze-pathogenic zithinta ama-capillaries amancane, ngemuva kwalokho kuthinteka imithambo emikhulu.

Izinso

Izinso zilimele kakhulu ngenxa yesifo sikashukela. Izinga lokukhuphuka kweglucose egazini libangela ukwehluleka kwezinso, okugcina kuholele kwisidingo se-dialysis - ukuhlanza igazi lobuthi. Ukudluliselwa kwalesi sitho nakho kungadingeka. Uma kwenzeka kuba khona ukwelashwa isikhathi eside, ukufa okungenzeka kungenzeka. Umuntu uzoba nobuhlungu obukhulu.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinga lokuhlunga le-glomerular landa kakhulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicubu ezizungeze i-glomerulus ziqala ukufa, okuholela ekuncipheni komsebenzi walesi sitho. Igazi liyaqhubeka nokuhlanzwa kuze kube yilapho kukhona indawo ebukhazikhazi ezinso.

Isikhumba

Ukwanda kweglucose kuthinta isimo sesikhumba. Izinguquko ezibangelwa ukuthinta zithinta izindawo ezinkulu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba womuntu uba coarser, ukuqina kwawo kuncishiswa kakhulu, kuqala ukukhononda ngokoma kanye nokucwilisa isikhumba. Futhi, izinwele zakhe ziqala ukuqhekeka, ziphelelwe ukukhanya bese ziphuma ngaphandle. Imifantu ne-colostrum ingavela ezintendeni zezandla nakwezintweni, kanti kuvela amabala aphuzi.

Izinqubo ze-patathoicic nazo zithinta amapuleti wezipikili - ziyaqina futhi ziqine, i-hyperkeratosis kungenzeka.

Amazinga kashukela akhuphukile enza umzimba uthambekele ekuthelelekeni kwamagciwane, amagciwane namagciwane.

Ukwehla kwekhwalithi yesikhumba nakho kungahlotshaniswa nezidakamizwa ezithathwe yisifo sikashukela. Imvamisa zibangela ukusabela okungekuhle komzimba. Isici esihlukile sezilonda ezinjalo singabizwa ngokuthi inkambo esindayo, kanye nokungatheleleki ekwelashweni. Futhi, isifundo singathintwa ukwanda kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingapheli. Ngesifo sikashukela, izinkinga ezilandelayo ngesikhumba ziyabonakala:

• Ama-dermatoses - angavela ngenkathi uthatha umuthi wokulwa nesifo sikashukela.
• I-Lipid necrobiosis - kuvame ukwenzeka kwabesifazane abaneminyaka eyi-15-50. Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwamaqhubu ashubile futhi abushelelezi ebusweni bemilenze. Uma engalashwa, ayakhula futhi akha izingqimba ezihlukile. Zingabhoboza futhi zilume, ngokubonakala kwezilonda kubangela ukungakhululeki kahle.
• I-dermatopathy yesifo sikashukela yisimo lapho kuvela khona amaphepha anombala obomvu onsomi ebusweni bezinyawo, okugcina kuthi kube yizindawo ezinamabala atrophic.
• Ukulunywa kwesikhumba - kubangela ukulunywa kanzima emasondweni esiswini, emihubeni noma phakathi kwezinkalweni, emilenzeni, emuva nasezingalweni. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe amazinga ashukela ajwayelekile, ukuthatha ama-antihistamines noma imishanguzo ye-antipruritic akulethi noma yimuphi umphumela.
• Ukususwa kwesikhumba yinto engandile evame ukwenzeka ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela izikhathi eziyishumi. Kubonakala ngokuvela kwemibala yezindawo ezithile zesikhumba.
• Amaqhuqhuva esifo sikashukela yisifo lapho amabhulashi amaningi anokuqukethwe kwe-serous kuwo wonke isikhumba. Imvamisa adlula ngokuzimela ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3 ngemuva kokuvela.
• Ukuqina kwesikhumba - kwenzeka kubantu abakade behlushwa yisifo sikashukela. Kubangela ukubhoboza kanye nokuvela. Lesi simo sitholakala kakhulu kubantu asebekhulile, njengoba imetabolism yabo incipha. Akudingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwezidakamizwa, ngoba ayikwazi ukunikeza umphumela obalulekile.
• Izifo ezithathelanayo nezivuvukelayo ziyinkinga engacaciswanga yesifo sikashukela esenzeka ngenxa yokuvinjwa kwezinqubo zokululama emzimbeni. Ukhuphuka ushukela wegazi kunciphisa izinga lamandla omzimba wokuzivikela, ngenxa yalokho ukuqina komzimba kukhuphuka kakhulu.Imvamisa umuntu uhlupheka njalo ngenxa yokuvuvukala, okunzima ukwelapha. Ezinye izinqubo zamagciwane eziholela ekulimaleni kwezitho zangaphakathi zangaphakathi nazo zingavela. Inkinga enjalo ikhulisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola unyawo lwesifo sikashukela.

Uhlelo lwezinzwa

Isistimu yezinzwa ihlushwa kanzima ngesifo sikashukela. Izilonda zakhe zingahlukaniswa ngokwezifiso ezithile nokungabi nalutho. Uhlobo lwesibili luhlanganisa izinguquko zemizwa ezingapheli, ukwanda kovalo, ikhanda elibuhlungu nesiyezi, ukuqwasha, imizwa engapheli nokuningi. Imvamisa, le miphumela yenziwa kubantu abasha abahlaselwa kakhulu ukucindezelwa nezinguquko ezingokomzwelo. Imvamisa bakha umuzwa wokuba phansi kwabo.

Imiphumela ethile yesifo sikashukela ifaka phakathi isifo sikashukela se-neuropathy. Isifo esinjalo sibonakaliswa ukubhujiswa kwe-nerve fiber, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudluliswa kwezihibe ze-nerve. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu akakwazi ukubona kahle imininingwane evela emhlabeni wangaphandle, ukuzwela kwakhe kuyancishiswa. Lokhu kungaholela kumonakalo omkhulu kwezinye izinhlelo emzimbeni, njengoba umuntu eyeka ukuzwa noma yibuphi ubuhlungu. Emabangeni asethuthukile, isithombe sishintsha kakhulu, kanti onesifo sikashukela uqala ukuzwa ukungaphatheki kahle.