Lapho kwenzeka i-prediabetes, amazinga kashukela wegazi aphakama kancane kunokujwayelekile. Lesi simo ukwephula ukubekezelela ushukela. I-Pathology ingakhula kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Uma izinyathelo zingathathwanga ngokushesha, kunengozi yesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha. Kuyini prediabetes futhi ukwelashwa kanjani?
Umnyombo we-pathology
Leli gama libhekisa esimweni lapho kunezinkinga khona ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose. Ushukela ongena emzimbeni awukwazi ukudonswa kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-pancreas ayihlanganisi i-hormone eyanele yokunciphisa ushukela.
Ngokukhula kwesifo sikashukela esigulini, izingozi zohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela ziyanda. Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe abeluleki ukwethuka. Lesi simo singalashwa ngokuya ngezincomo ezithile. Odokotela bacebisa ukuphuza ama-hypoglycemic agents, ukudla kanye nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isifundo esisodwa asivumi ukwenza ukuxilongwa okulungile. Ukubona i-pathology, kufanele unqume izinga le-glucose kaningana. Lapho wenza ucwaningo, kumele kulandelwe imithetho ethile. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo umsebenzi womzimba, ukudla okudliwayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.
Izimbangela Nezingozi Zengozi
Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela zokuthuthuka kwe-pathology kusiza ukuthola ukuthi yini i-prediabetes. I-glucose iyingxenye yamandla yazo zonke izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni womuntu.
Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko ingena egazini ivela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqhekeka kwama-carbohydrate, angena emzimbeni ngokudla. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuma-pancreas, kuvela i-insulin. Le hormone ihlinzeka ukufakwa kweglucose egazini futhi kunciphise okuqukethwe kuyo.
Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla, okuqukethwe kweglucose kwehla kuya kumapharamitha ajwayelekile - 3.5-5.5 mmol / L. Uma kunezinkinga ngokufakwa kweglucose noma ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, kuqala i-prediabetes, bese iba yindawo yesifo sikashukela.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, la ma-pathologies abangela uhla lwezinkinga - ukuthikameza okubukwayo, ukwakheka kwezilonda zokulimala, ukonakala kwezinwele nesikhumba, ukuvela kwama-gangrene kanye nezimbila ezinesihlungu.
Izici eziyinhloko ezibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate metabolism zifaka okulandelayo:
- Umfutho wegazi we-Arterial;
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-diabetogenic agents - lokhu kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ze-hormonal, ama-corticosteroid mahormone, izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo;
- Ukulimala okungapheli kwenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, izinso nesibindi;
- Isisindo esiningi;
- Ukwanda kwe-cholesterol yegazi nama-triglycerides;
- Izimo ezicindezelayo;
- Ukukhulelwa - ngalesi sikhathi kunengozi yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa;
- Izifo ze-Autoimmune;
- I-ovary ye-Polycystic kwabesifazane;
- Iminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engama-45 - ngokuguga, amandla okulawula ushukela wegazi ayancipha, okusongela ukubukeka kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2;
- I-Pathology yohlelo lwe-endocrine;
- Ukulutha ngokweqile - kutholakele isifo sikashukela nezinkinga zokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose emindenini eseduze;
- Ukudla okuyisimanga - inani elikhulu loshukela elicwengiweyo liyingozi ethile;
- Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca.
Ochwepheshe batusa ukubheka amazinga kashukela egazini okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka, noma kungekho zimpawu. Abantu abane-factor okungenani engu-1 kufanele benze lolu cwaningo amahlandla ama-4.
Izithombe zemitholampilo
Ukuze uthole ngesikhathi esifanele isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela, udinga ukuhlolwa ngokuhleliwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuzokwazi ukukhomba ukwephulwa kwesigaba sokuqala sokukhula kwayo.
Isifo sikashukela sangaphambili sihambisana nokuboniswa okunjalo:
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala. Ngokuphulwa kwe-glucose metabolism, ukuphazamiseka ekulinganiseni kwe-hormonal kanye nokwehla kokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin kuyabonakala. Lezi zinto zivusa ukuthuthukiswa kokuqwasha.
- Izinkinga zombono, ukulunywa kwesikhumba. Ukwanda kweshukela ushukela emzimbeni kuholela ekuqineni kwegazi, okudala izinkinga ngokudlula kwalo emithanjeni. Lokhu kuholela ukulungiswa kanye nokukhubazeka okubukwayo.
- Umile, uchama ngokushesha ukuya endlini encane. Ukwenza igazi lingabi mnene, umzimba udinga isilinganiso esikhulu soketshezi. Ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, kunokwanda kokuncenga ukuthi uchame. Lolu phawu lungasuswa lapho umthamo weglucose wehla waya ku-5.6-5.9 mmol / L.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo okungazelelwe. Ngalesi sifo, kukhona ukwehla kokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin nokufakwa ushukela okungaphelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaseli ahlushwa ukungondleki kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla okusebenza kahle. Lokhu kuholela ekukhathaleni kanye nokunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha.
- Ukubuyiselwa kokushisa, ukuhanjiswa ebusuku. Izinkinga zokudla kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla kuthinta kabi isimo sezicubu zomzimba. Lokhu kuholela ekubambeni. Ukwanda kweshukela kuphumela ekuzwelweni kokushisa.
- Migraines, ikhanda, ukungajabuli ethempelini. Izilonda ezincane kakhulu ze-vascular zingadala ikhanda kanye nokungajabuli kwamalungu. Kukhona nengozi yobunzima.
- Ukunyusa amazinga kashukela ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla. Lesi sibonakaliso sikhombisa ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela.
Ucwaningo lokuxilonga
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-prediabetes kungumsebenzi kadokotela. Imvamisa, lesi simo sitholwa ngengozi. Ukuphazamiseka kuvame ukuba nenkambo ye-asymptomatic.. Ukuvela kwezikhalazo kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi iziguli ziphendukela kodokotela abanezimpawu ezithile:
- Ukukhathala okuphezulu;
- Ukoma - kukhulu ngemvelo futhi kuvela ngisho nangokucindezelwa okuncane kwengqondo;
- Ukwehlisa amandla okusebenza;
- Ukwehla kwesibindi;
- Ukudinwa kwamasosha omzimba.
Ukuqinisekisa ukutholwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe igazi ukuze uthole okuqukethwe ushukela. Ukushintshwa kwalolu cwaningo kuyenzeka futhi - kufaka phakathi ukuzimisela kwe-glycated hemoglobin kanye nokuhlolwa kwesineke seglucose.
Esifundweni esisezingeni eliphakeme, isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela sitholakala ngokunyuka kwezinga likashukela kuya ku-6.0 mmol / L. Lokhu kuhlaziya kufanele kuthathwe esiswini esingenalutho.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose kwenziwa ngezigaba ezi-2. Esimweni esinjalo, i-prediabetes itholakala ngamapharamitha alandelayo: ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kokuqala, umthamo ushukela ngu-5.5-6.7 mmol / l, ngokusho kwesibili - 11.1 mmol / l.
Azikho izinkomba ezicacile zokuhlaziya okujwayelekile. Le yindlela elula elula yokulinganisa inani le-glucose egazini. Namuhla kunamadivayisi akhethekile - ama-glucometer, okwenza sikwazi ukuhlola ngokuzimele le nkomba.
Kunezinkomba eziphelele zokuhlola ukubekezelela i-glucose:
- Ukuba khona kwezinto zobungozi ezinkingeni nge-carbohydrate metabolism;
- Amacala we-hyperglycemia - ukwanda koshukela wegazi;
- Ukukhulelwa
- Izimpawu ze-glucosuria ukwanda ushukela kumchamo;
- Ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes emindenini eseduze.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Abantu abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi ngabe i-prediabetes ingalapheka yini. Lesi simo sibolekisa kahle ngokulungiswa ngaphansi kwesimo sokwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi futhi esibanzi.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
Namuhla, iMetformin 850 ne-1000 ziya ngokuya zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa lesi simo. Lesi isidakamizwa se-hypoglycemic esisiza ukunciphisa inani loshukela elikhiqizwa esibindini futhi libhekane nokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose engalimelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi kusiza ukuqeda isisindo ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, umphumela onjalo awunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokulandela ukudla nokuzivocavoca komzimba.
Kunemithi embalwa equkethe le nto:
- Metfogamm;
- I-Glycometer;
- I-Glucophage.
Ngokusebenzisa ngendlela efanele kanye nokuhambisana nemithamo, umuthi awuqabuki uvusa imiphumela emibi. Kepha i-metformin ine-contraindication ethile. Kudingeka zifundwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokwelapha i-prediabetes:
- Ukukhulelwa
- Isisu
- Ukungabekezeleleki kwezithako;
- Ukutheleleka
- Uphuzo oludakayo;
- I-Lactic acidosis;
- Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- Izinso, isibindi, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal;
- Ukomisa
- Isimo esihle;
- Ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo.
Okokuqala, iziguli zinikezwa umuthi we-1000 mg wezidakamizwa ngosuku. Kufanele igezwe ngamanzi amaningi. Isidakamizwa sinconywa ukuthatha amasonto angama-1-2. Lapho-ke umthamo kufanele unyuswe. Kodwa-ke, lezi zici zidinga ukuxoxwa nodokotela onguchwepheshe. Noma yiziphi izinketho zokuzelapha zivunyelwe ngokuphelele..
Inani elikhulu lemithi yokwelapha li-3000 mg ngosuku. Emazingeni okuqala okwelashwa kwe-prediabetes, odokotela abaningi balulekisa ukuhlukanisa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ngezikhathi ezingama-2-3. Lokhu kusiza ukuzivumelanisa nemiphumela yento.
Ukudla
Ukusebenza kokwelashwa kanye nokubikezela kwe-prediabetes kuncike ekunamatheleni ekudleni okunempilo. Odokotela batusa ngokuqinile ukunciphisa usayizi wokusebenzela.
Akubalulekanga kangako ukwenqatshwa kwama-carbohydrate asheshayo. Ungawadli amakhekhe, namakhekhe, khekhe. Yile mikhiqizo ebangela ukuguquguquka okubukhali kushukela wegazi. Ngokuphula i-carbohydrate metabolism, i-glucose ayingeni izicubu, kepha inqwabelana egazini.
Ungadla imikhiqizo eminingi, kepha ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe ekudleni okunokuqukethwe okunamafutha amancane ne-index ye-glycemic ephansi. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo nokuqukethwe kwekhalori kokudla. Odokotela beluleka ukuthi bagcine le mithetho elandelayo:
- Khetha ukudla okunamafutha amancane aphakeme ku-fiber;
- Bala amakhalori, okwenza ukugcizelela okuyinhloko kukhwalithi yemikhiqizo - umzimba kumele uthole inani elanele lama-carbohydrate, amafutha, amaprotheni;
- Sebenzisa imifino eminingi, imifino namakhowe;
- Nciphisa inani lelayisi elimhlophe namazambane, ngoba aqukethe isitashi esiningi;
- Khuphula ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi ahlanzekile;
- Nikeza izintandokazi izindlela zokwelapha zokushisa ukushisa - ukubilisa, ukubhaka, ukuhlaba;
- Nqaba amanzi amnandi aqabulayo;
- Khipha ukudla okungenamafutha.
Umsebenzi womzimba
Kuyasebenza Ukwelashwa kwe-prediabetes akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokwanda komsebenzi. Ngokuhambisana nokudla, imithwalo yezemidlalo izonikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu. Ukwanda komsebenzi kufanele kube kancane kancane ukugwema ukulayisha kakhulu umzimba. Isilinganiso senhliziyo kufanele sibe sesilinganisweni.
Uhlobo lemithwalo kufanele lukhethwe ngokuzimela - konke kuncike ekuthandweni komuntu siqu. Ukugijimela, ukuhamba okusebenzayo, ithenisi noma ukuqina komzimba kuphelele. Abanye abantu bathanda umsebenzi wesikole.
Ochwepheshe bathi ukuthuthukisa isimo sempilo kuzosiza ukuqeqeshwa okuphathelene nehora. Isonto okudingeka ukwenze okungenani izikhathi ezi-5.
Amakhambi asekhaya
Faka isicelo sokwelashwa ekhaya kwesifo sikashukela ngemuva kokuthola udokotela. Ngokusebenzisa amakhambi abantu, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngemithetho yokudla okunempilo nemithwalo yezemidlalo.
Enye yezindlela eziwusizo kakhulu amakhambi. Ukwenza umkhiqizo owelaphayo, ama-grits kufanele agayiwe nge-grinder yekhofi bese uxuba izipuni ezimbalwa zefulawa ne-250 ml ye-kefir. Faka ubusuku bonke, bese uthatha ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho.
Umuthi osizayo isiphuzo esuselwa enhlanyelweni yefilakisi. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezichotshoziwe kufanele zithululelwe ngamanzi bese zipheka imizuzu emi-5. Ngengilazi eyi-1 ye-ketshezi, udinga ukuthatha isipuni esikhulu sembewu. Kunconywa ukuthatha ukwakheka ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe esiswini esingenalutho.
Ukwakheka okuhle kuzoba yingxube yeempande ze-elecampane, amaqabunga e-currant kanye ne-blueberry. 1 isipuni seqoqo kufanele uthele ama-250 ml wamanzi abilayo, opholile futhi uthathe u-50 ml nsuku zonke.
Manje uyazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze esimweni se-prediabetes. Kuyadingeka ukubhekana nokwelashwa kwe-pathology ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwe-endocrinologist. Uma isimo sesiguli siba sibi, imithi ayikwazi ukuhanjiswa. Kodwa-ke, udokotela kuphela okufanele anikeze izidakamizwa.
