Izimbangela ze-fetus diabetesic fetopathy nasezinsaneni ezisanda kuzalwa

I-diopicitis yesifo sikashukela yisifo esidalwa esibelethweni ngenxa yokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kumama oselindele. Lesi sifo sivezwa umsebenzi wokuphazamiseka wezinso nowemithambo. Ukulimala kumanyikwe nakho kuvame ukubonwa. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sowesifazane nokusetshenziswa okufika ngesikhathi kwemithi edingekayo kusiza ukugwema lezo zinkinga.

Umnyombo walesi sifo

I-diopicathy yesifo sikashukela se-fetus iba khona uma umama okhulelwe enesifo sikashukela, esibangelwa ukukhuphuka njalo komthamo kashukela. Kulokhu kukhubazeka, ukungasebenzi kwezitho zangaphakathi zengane kuyinto ebonakalisayo. Imvamisa, imithambo yegazi, izinso, amanyikwe kukhubazeka. Uma i-embryofetopathy yesifo sikashukela yatholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lokhu kuyinkomba yesigaba se-cesarean.

Umphumela omuhle uthonywa yizici eziningi:

• Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela;
• Ukuba khona kwezinkinga ze-pathology;
• Amaqhinga okwelapha;
• Izici zokukhulelwa;
• Isinxephezelo sesifo sikashukela.

Uma amazinga kashukela engalawulwa, i-hyperglycemia izosithinta kabi isimo sengane. Esimweni esinjalo, amathuba okuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi aphezulu.

Izizathu

Isici esiyinhloko sokubukeka kwe-pathology ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela noma isimo se-prediabetesic kumama olindele. Lapho kukhona isifo se-prediabetes, kwehla ukugcinwa kwe-insulin noma ukwephulwa kwe-automatism yokwakheka kwalokhu.

I-Fetopathy ivela kanjena: umthamo oshukela owengeziwe ungena kwi-fetus ngomgoqo we-placental. Kulokhu, ama-pancreas engane akhiqiza umthamo owengeziwe we-insulin. Ngaphansi kwethonya laleli-hormone, ushukela omningi uguqulwa ube ngamafutha.

Lokhu kudala ukukhula kwe-fetus okusheshayo. Njengomphumela, kuvela imali egcwele yamafutha.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-fetus ye-fetus iba khona ngesikhathi sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kulesi simo, i-pancreas ayikwazi ukukhiqiza umthamo owengeziwe we-insulin, unikezwe izidingo ze-fetus. Ngenxa yalokhu, owesifazane unokwenyuka kwamazinga kashukela. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuphambuka kwenzeka ezigabeni zakamuva.

Izithombe zemitholampilo

I-fetopathy yesifo sikashukela yezinsana inezimpawu ezibonakaliswayo. Lokhu kwephulwa kuhambisana nezinguquko ekubukekeni kwengane. Ezinganeni ezinokuxilongwa okunjalo, izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyimpawu:

• Isisindo esikhulu - ama-4-6 kg;
• Umbala wesikhumba obomvu-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
• Ukwakheka kwama-raschini asemzimbeni emzimbeni - ayizikhwepha ngaphansi kwesikhumba;
• Amahlombe abanzi;
• Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ezithambile ne-epithelium;
• Ukuvuvukala kobuso;
• Izingalo nemilenze emifushane;
• Isisu esikhulu - ngenxa yentuthuko ebalulekile yezicubu ezinamafutha ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Ngalesi sifo, ingane ingaba nokuhluleka kokuphefumula. Lokhu kungenxa yokushoda ekukhiqizweni kwento ethile emaphashini - osebenza ngokweqile. Nguye obamba iqhaza ekwandeni kwamaphaphu ngesikhathi sokuphefumula kokuqala.

Olunye uphawu olwehlukanisa i-jaundice. Kuhambisana nokubonakala kwephimbo lesikhumba eliphuzi ne-sclera yamehlo. Lokhu kwephula umthetho akufanele kudidaniswe nesimo somzimba, esivame ukwenzeka ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ingane ingaba nokuhlukumezeka kwemizwa. Zivele ngendlela yalezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Kwehlisiwe ithoni yemisipha
• Ukwephulwa kwe-Reflex yokuncela;
• Umsebenzi wehlisiwe, othathelwa indawo yenjabulo - lezi zingane zibonakaliswa ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, izitho eziqhaqhazelayo.

Ucwaningo lokuxilonga

Ukubona i-pathology, ukuxilongwa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane. Okokuqala, udokotela ufunda umlando wowesifazane okhulelwe. Ungasola ubungozi be-fetopathy ngokuba nesifo sikashukela noma isimo se-prediabetes kowesifazane.

Ukuskena kwe-ultrasound, okuthatha amasonto angama-10-14, nakho kunenani eliphakeme lokuxilonga. Ukusola ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi i-fetopathy, kufanele unake izimpawu ezinjalo:

• Usayizi omkhulu we-fetus;
• Ukwanda kwesibindi nobubanzi;
• Izilinganiso ezingalungile zomzimba wengane;
• Ukweqisa ivolumu ejwayelekile ye-amniotic fluid.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, futhi ungafeza ukuxilonga okudingekile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udokotela kufanele ahlole usana olusanda kuzalwa. Nge-fetopathy, kunesisindo esiningi, isisu esikhulu, ukwephulwa kwezilinganiso zomzimba.

Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka leyo nqubo:

• Pulse oximetry
• I-Thermometry
• Ukulawulwa kwesilinganiso senhliziyo;
• Ukuqapha ushukela wegazi;
• I-Echocardiography;
• I-X-ray yesifuba sengane.

Akubalulekanga kangako ukwenziwa kohlolo lwegazi lomtholampilo enganeni:

1. I-Fetopathy ihambisana ne-polycythemia. Lesi simo sibonisa ngokwanda kwenani lamaseli ebomvu egazi.
2. Khulisa okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin. Le nto i-protein equkethe ingxenye yamaprotheni enesibopho somsebenzi wokuphefumula.
3. Ukwehla kweshukela ekuhlolweni kwegazi okune-biochemical.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wezifo zezingane kanye ne-endocrinologist yezingane. Ukuxilongwa kufanele kube okubanzi.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela yezifundo zokuxilonga zowesifazane okhulelwe nengane, ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale. Lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa usongo lomthelela omubi walesi sifo ekukhuleni kwengane.

Ukunakekelwa kwabakhulelwe

Ngesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa, kuyadingeka ukulawula ushukela. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukulinganisa okuqhubekayo kwengcindezi. Uma kunesidingo, udokotela angancoma i-insulin eyengeziwe.

Qiniseka ukuthi unaka ukulawulwa komsoco. Ukudla kumele kuqukethe amavithamini adingekayo kumama nakombungu. Uma imikhiqizo iqukethe inani elanele lezinto ezilusizo, udokotela angabeka ezinye izidakamizwa ezingezekile.

Ukudla kwansuku zonke kowesifazane okhulelwe akufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-3000 kcal. Ngaphambi kokuzala, ama-carbohydrate asheshayo kufanele afakwe ekudleni.

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuqapheleka kwezokwelapha kanye ne-Ultra, kukhethwa usuku lokuzalwa olufanele. Uma kungekho izinkinga zokukhulelwa, amasonto angama-37 alungile. Uma kunokusongela okukhulu okuvela kumama noma kwengane, umnqamulajuqu ungashintshwa.

Ukuzalwa kwengane

Esigabeni sokuzalwa kwengane, i-glycemia ngokuqinisekile kufanele ilawulwe. Ngokuntuleka kweglucose, kunengozi yokuwohloka kwezifo, ngoba le nto iyadingeka ekwehlisweni okuphelele kwesibeletho.

Ukuntuleka kwamandla kudala ubunzima bezisebenzi. Lokhu kugcwele ukulahleka kwengqondo ngesikhathi sokubeletha noma ngemuva kokubeletha. Ezimweni ezinzima ikakhulukazi, owesimame angawa ngisho nawukukhathazeka.

Lapho kukhona izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia, lesi simo kufanele sisuswe ngosizo lwe-carbohydrate esheshayo. Ngale njongo, sekwanele ukuthatha isiphuzo esimnandi ngokuqeda 1 isipuni esikhulu sikashukela ku-100 ml wamanzi. Futhi, udokotela angancoma ukwethulwa kwekhambi le-glucose le-5% ngaphakathi. Imvamisa 500 ml iyadingeka.

Lapho kwenzeka i-conculsive syndrome, ukusetshenziswa kwe-100-200 mg ye-hydrocortisone kubonisiwe. Kungadingeka futhi ukusebenzisa i-adrenaline ye-0,1%. Noma kunjalo, inani layo akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwe-1 ml.

Ukwelashwa kwangemva kokubeletha

Isigamu sehora ngemuva kokuzalwa, ingane ikhonjiswa ukwethulwa kwekhambi le-5% kashukela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuvimba ukuvela kwe-hypoglycemia kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga eziyingozi.

Owesifazane obelethayo kufanele anikezwe i-insulin. Kodwa-ke, inani layo lehliswa izikhathi ezingama-2-3. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela i-hypoglycemia lapho ushukela ehla. Ngosuku lwe-10 ngemuva kokuzalwa, i-glycemia ibuyela kulezo zinkomba ezazibonakala kwabesifazane ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

Ngosuku lokuqala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, odokotela kufanele baqhube imicimbi efana nalena:

1. Gcina amazinga okushisa afunwayo.
2. Gada izinga likashukela emzimbeni wengane. Ngokuncipha kwesikhombisi ukuya ku-2 mmol / l, le nto kufanele iphathwe ngaphakathi.
3. Buyisela umsebenzi wokuphefumula. Lokhu kungenzeka, kusetshenziswe imithi ekhethekile noma i-ventilator.
4. Ukulungisa izinkinga zenhliziyo.
5. Buyisela ibhalansi ejwayelekile yama-electrolyte. Ngale njongo, kwethulwa i-calcium ne-magnesium.
6. Uma i-jaundice yenzeka, yenza amaseshini we-Phototherapy. Kulokhu, ingane ifakwa ngaphansi kocingo ngemisebe ye-ultraviolet. Amehlo kumele avikelwe ngendwangu ekhethekile. Inqubo empeleni yenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukachwepheshe.

Imiphumela

I-fetopathy yesifo sikashukela ezisanda kuzalwa ingavusa izinkinga eziyingozi:

1. Ukuguqula i-pathology kwisifo sikashukela se-neonatal.
2. Isifo sokuphefumula sokuphefumula. Lesi simo siyimbangela evame kakhulu yokufa ezinganeni ezizalwa zinokuxilongwa okunjalo.
3. I-Neonatal hypoxia. Lokhu kuphazamiseka kubonakaliswa inani elinganele le-oksijini ezicutshini nasegazini le-fetus nengane esanda kuzalwa.
4. I-Hypoglycemia Ngalesi sikhathi kusho ukwehla okunzima kokuqukethwe ushukela emzimbeni. Lokhu kwephula kungaba ngumphumela wokuqedwa okungazelelwe kwe-glucose kamama emzimbeni wengane ngokumelene nesizinda sokuqhubeka nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Ukwephulwa okunjalo kuyingozi enkulu futhi kungadala ukufa.
5. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-mineral metabolism enganeni. Lokhu kudala ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium ne-calcium, okuthinta kabi ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa. Kamuva, izingane ezinjalo zivame ukusala ngemuva ekukhuleni kwengqondo nangokwengqondo.
6. Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okukhanyayo.
7. Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
8. Ukuthambekela kwengane kokuvela kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Kuzokwazi ukuvikela le-anomaly kuphela ohlangothini lukamama olindele. Izindlela zokuzivikela zifaka lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ukutholwa okusheshayo nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kanye ne-prediabetes. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, nangemva kokukhulelwa.
2. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kwe-fetopathy. Ukuze uthole lokhu, kuyadingeka ukwenza ngokuhlolisisa izivivinyo ze-ultrasound, unamathele ezinqumweni ezinqunywe udokotela.
3. Ukulawulwa okuningiliziwe nokulungiswa koshukela wegazi. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokuthola isifo sikashukela kowesifazane.
4. Ukuvakasha okuhleliwe ku-gynecologist ngokohlelo olusunguliwe.
5. Ukubhaliswa ngesikhathi kukamama okhulelwe. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kwamasonto ayi-12.

Ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwalesi sifo enganeni, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele abhekele impilo yakhe ngokucophelela futhi aphuze nemithi ebekwe udokotela wakhe.