Yini inxephezelo yohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 sikashukela

Abantu abaningi bayawuthakazelela umbuzo: isifo sikashukela esikhokhelwayo - siyini? Leli gama libhekisela ku-pathology, ekuthuthukisweni kwayo lapho umthamo weglucose usondele kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kutholakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha. Ngenxa yokwenza kwabo kungenzeka ukunciphisa usongo lwezinkinga.

Umqondo wokuncephezelwa

Ishukela elinxephekile lihambisana nemingcele evamile yeglucose egazini. Ukufeza lo mbuso, ukulungiswa kokudla kanye nokubambelela kuhlobo olukhethekile kuyasiza. Akubalulekanga kangako ukuzivocavoca ngokulinganisa.

Kwezinye izimo, lezi zinyathelo azenele ukugcina umthamo ojwayelekile we-glucose.

Isigaba sesinxephezelo

Ngokuya ngesimo sesiguli, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-pathology. Odokotela bahlukanisa lezi zigaba ezilandelayo zesinxephezelo sikashukela:

1. Kunxephezelwe - kulesi simo, kungenzeka ukuthi kulondolozwe imingcele evamile yeglucose. Ingozi yezinkinga kulesi simo incane. Ukunxenxa i-pathology, kusetshenziswa imithi yamathebulethi, ukuphathwa kwe-insulin, ukulungiswa kokudla nemithwalo yemidlalo.
2. Kufakiwe - kubonakaliswa yisimo esiphakathi lapho amapharamitha kashukela ephakathi kwezigaba ezinxephezelisiwe futhi ezibolile. Usongo lwemiphumela emibi lukhona. Kepha ekutholakaleni kwezimpawu zemiphumela emibi, kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukwedlula esigabeni sokubuyiselwa kwemali.
3. Kwehlisiwe - kuhambisana nomthamo owengeziwe weglucose. Lesi simo sibonisa ngokusongela okukhulu kwezinkinga.

Izinketho zesinxephezelo

Ukuze isinxephezelo sikashukela siphumelele, kufanele kuthathwe ezinye izivivinyo njalo. Inqubo yokunxephezelwa yisifo sikashukela ifaka:

• Umthamo we-glucose - unqunywe egazini nomchamo;
• IGlycated hemoglobin;
• I-acetone emchameni;
• I-Fructosamine;
• I-Lipidogram.

IGlycated Hemoglobin

IHemoglobin yisipho samaprotheni egazini. Le nto inesibopho sokusatshalaliswa komoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Isici esibonakalayo salesi sici yikhono lokuthwebula i-molecule ye-oxygen futhi iqinisekise ukuhamba kwayo okuqhubekayo.

Kodwa-ke, i-hemoglobin nayo ingaba nama-molecule eglucose. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakhiwa i-hemoglobin ye-glycated, okuyisakhiwo esinamandla amakhulu. Yile nkomba ekuvumela ukuthi ulinganise umthamo omaphakathi we-glucose ezinyangeni ezi-2 ezedlule.

Ngakho-ke, le nqubo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni ubunzima besifo kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa. Kuyasiza ukuthola indlela yesinxephezelo kwalesi sifo.

Ukuhlola izinga le-hemoglobin enjalo, kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-immunochemical noma i-ion-exchange chromatography. Imvamisa, ngemuva kocwaningo lokuqala, le nkomba ingu-4.5-7,5%, ngemuva kwesibili - 4.5-5.7%.

Isifo sikashukela esinxephezelwe sihambisana nepharamitha engama-6-9%. Uma kutholwa iphesenti eliphakeme, lokhu kufakazela ukungasebenzi kahle kwezokwelapha kanye nokukhulu ngokweqile kwe-glucose.

I-Fructosamine

Le pharamitha ingeyesibili yokufundisa. I-Fructosamine yakhiwa ngokubopha izakhi zamaprotheni ze-plasma noshukela. Ukwanda kwenani lale nto kukhombisa ukweqisa kwe-glucose kumaviki ayi-2.

Uma izinga le-fructosamine liphezulu, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesigaba sokuncishiswa noma ukubola kweshukela. Ingozi yemiphumela eyingozi yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi inyuka kakhulu.

I-Lipidogram

Le nqubo ebanzi yokuxilonga isiza ekutholeni okuqukethwe kwe-lipid ezakhiweni zegazi.

Ekwenzeni i-lipidograms, kusetshenziswa indlela ye-colorimetric photometric. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nikela ngegazi emthanjeni.

Ukuthola umphumela onokwethenjelwa, kufanele ulandele lezi zincomo:

• Yekani ukubhema imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kwesifundo;
• Gwema ukucindezela
• Ungadli amahora angama-12 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa.

Ngenxa yenqubo, kungenzeka ukunquma i-cholesterol ephelele, inkomba ye-atherogenicity, izinga le-triglycerides, lipids yamazinga ahlukahlukene. Isinxephezelo esiphelele sohlobo 2 sikashukela sibonisa:

• I-Triglycerides - 0-2.25 mmol / L;
• I-Atherogenicity - 2.2-3.5;
• I-cholesterol - 0-5.2 mmol / L;
• Ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu - 0.13-1.63 mmol / l;
• Ama-lipoproteins we-density low - 0-3.3 mmol / l;
• Ama-lipoproteins we-density high - 1.03-1.55 mmol / L.

Ukukhokha nokuncipha kwemali ebangwa yi-pathology kuboniswa ngamanani aphezulu. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ubungozi obumangazayo be-atherossteosis, unhlangothi, isifo sezinso, ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ivolumu kashukela

Amapharamitha we-glucose kudingeka ahlolwe kuze kube ka-5 ngosuku. Kepha akusizo zonke iziguli ezingenza izivivinyo eziningi. Ngakho-ke, inani eliphansi lezinqubo liyizikhathi ezi-2 - ekuseni nasebusuku. Ukuze wenze lolu cwaningo, sebenzisa i-glucometer.

Uhlobo lwes 2 sikashukela esinxephezelwe kahle sidinga isifundo sanyanga zonke. Uma izinga le-glucose kumchamo lingama-12-15 mmol / l, inqubo kufanele yenziwe kaningi. Imvamisa, ushukela akufanele luqukethe umchamo. Uma lukhona, ucwaningo olungeziwe lukhonjiswa kokuqukethwe kwe-acetone kumchamo.

Ukuhlola inqubo yokunciphisela uhlobo 2 sikashukela i-mellitus, kusetshenziswa imichilo yokuhlola eshintsha umbala wabo lapho bechazwa umchamo. Uma umbala ugcwala ngokwanele, lokhu kubonisa ukweqisa kwe-acetone kumchamo. Hhayi umthunzi okhanyayo kangako ukhombisa inani eliphansi.

Ukuvimbela Izinkinga

Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwemiphumela emibi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kube nokujwayelekile futhi kugcinwe ushukela ofanele egazini. Isinxephezelo esisebenzayo sohlobo 1 sikashukela asinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-insulin. Ngohlobo 2 lwe-pathology, lokhu akudingekile, ngokuya ngerejimeni yansuku zonke, ukudla nokuzivocavoca.

Nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, imihlahlandlela yokudla ayishintshiwe. Kubalulekile ukulandela izincomo ezinjalo:

• Nqaba ukudla ushukela nokudla okunamafutha;
• Nikeza ukukhetha izinhlobo ezithambile zokwelashwa okushisa - ukubilisa, ukubhaka;
• Thatha ukudla okulinganiselayo;
• Khipha ushukela ngokuphelele;
• Nciphisa ukudliwa kosawoti - umthamo wawo akufanele udlule ku-12 g ngosuku;
• Balance okuqukethwe kwekhalori yemikhiqizo nenani lamandla asetshenzisiwe.

Ukuze isinxephezelo sohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela siphumelele, ngaphezu kokufaka ekudleni okujwayelekile, udinga ukwenza lezi zinto ezilandelayo:

• Ukuhlola ngezikhathi ezithile ivolumu yeglucose;
• Nikeza indawo enhle yengqondo;
• Ngena kwezemidlalo.

Kubalulekile ukucabanga ukuthi ukuzivocavoca okwanele noma okweqile kuyingozi kakhulu kushukela. Zithinta kabi indlela yokuziphatha kwesinxephezelo sohlobo 1 sikashukela, okuholela ekukhuleni kweglucose. Ochwepheshe beluleka nsuku zonke ukwenza izivivinyo noma ukwenza ama-run short.

Ngokuya ngezincomo zezokwelapha, isimo sesiguli siyathuthuka. Uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe lwesifo sikashukela esingu-2 lunezinkomba ezilandelayo:

• I-Glycated hemoglobin 6-7%;
• Ukucindezela kungaphansi kwe-140-90 mm Hg. st.;
• Umthamo ojwayelekile we-cholesterol;
• I-Hypoglycemia ekuseni i-5.5 mol;
• Okuqukethwe ushukela ofanele ngemuva kokudla.

Isifo sikashukela esinxephezelwe sihambisana namapharamitha weglucose efanele. Lesi simo asibangeli zinkinga futhi sikuvumela ukuthi uphile impilo ejwayelekile. Ukuthola imiphumela emihle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ngokusobala ukuqokwa kwezokwelapha.