I-acetone kumchamo onesifo sikashukela iyingcingo lokuqala elisabisayo lomzimba ngokuthuthukisa i-ketoacidosis - isimo esiyingozi esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Ukugwema imiphumela ebuhlungu enjalo, wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela kanye nomndeni wakhe kufanele bazi ukuthi i-acetone yakhiwa kanjani emzimbeni, ukuthi iyingozi kangakanani, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela ezikhona zokuxazulula inkinga.
Umshini wokukhiqizwa kwe-acetone kushukela
I-DM iyindlela engalapheki ye-autoimmune pathology, futhi izinga lokufa kwabantu ngenxa yezinkinga zalo likhula ngokushesha namuhla. Omunye wale miphumela emibi yi-ketoacidosis, ekhula ngokuphula i-carbohydrate metabolism. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo sesimo esiyingozi ukwenzeka kwezidumbu ze-ketone (ezingafakwanga - i-acetone) egazini likashukela nokuhlolwa komchamo.
Ukuqonda isendlalelo kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza i-acetone, udinga ukuqonda izinqubo ze-biochemical ezenzeka emzimbeni. Umthombo omkhulu wamandla ongena izitho ezivela ngaphandle futhi ukhiqizwe emzimbeni uqobo yi-glucose. Ukuqokwa kwayo okugcwele kungenzeka ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-insulin, okuhlanganisa amanyikwe. Ngokushoda kwayo noma ukusebenza kahle okuphansi, ushukela awugxilwe ngokuphelele, futhi amaseli ayalamba.
Ingqondo iyashaqeka mayelana nokushoda kwamandla ngaphandle kweglucose. Futhi amaseli azama ukucubungula amanoni namaprotheni ngokuthumela imizimba ye-ketone. Zethulwe ngendlela:
- I-Propanone;
- β-hydroxybutyrate;
- Acetoacetate.
Ukuqoqwa okujwayelekile kwama-ketones kubantu abanempilo kuze kufike ku-0,5 mmol / l. Okuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kusongela abanesifo sikashukela nge-ketoacidosis, inkinga enkulu lapho ukulingana kwe-acid nendawo yemvelo kushibilika ohlangothini lwe-acid. Ngaphandle kokulaliswa esibhedlela ngokuphuthumayo, ukuhlaselwa kungaholela ekutheni ube nesifo sikashukela nokufa.
Phakathi kwezinye izakhiwo:
- Ukuwohloka isikhathi eside nokuhlanza ngokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni;
- Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carb nokuzila ukudla
- Izifo ezinzima zesimo esithathelwanayo nezimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla;
- Ubuthi bamakhemikhali kanye nokushisa ngokweqile.
Uma kwenzeka wephula i-carbohydrate metabolism, izimo ezinjalo ezinokuhlaziywa zivela ezimweni ezimbili:
- Nge-hyperglycemia ebangelwa ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, lapho ushukela ongafakwanga ugqashuka ufinyelela emafutheni ngamaprotheni ne-acetone ebonakala, isibindi asisakwazi ukusebenzisa. Njengoba sehlule umgoqo wezinso, izidumbu ze-ketone zisemchameni.
- Nge-hypoglycemia, lapho izinga le-acetone likhuphuka ngenxa yokushoda kukashukela noma i-insulin ephezulu kakhulu. Uma kungekho mthombo wamandla, umzimba uzowuthola ngenye indlela.
Izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwayo
Okuqukethwe ushukela okuphakeme kanye ne-acetone ekuhlolweni kwesifo sikashukela kuphazamisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho zomzimba. Lesi sifo sikhula ngaphezu kosuku olulodwa, inhlala-kahle yomguli iya iba mbi kancane, futhi izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis kufanele zihlolwe ngokuya kobunzima be-pathology: mnene, ulinganisele, unzima, ukhubazekile.
Esigabeni sokuqala, qaphela:
- Ubuthakathaka, ukulahleka kwamandla, ukulahleka kwamandla okusebenza, ukonakala ekuhlushwa.
- Ukomisa emgodini womlomo, ukoma okungapheli, okuhambisana nokukhotha nokuchama kaningi. Ebusuku, izimpawu ezinjalo ziphinyiselwa nangokwengeziwe.
Kamuva, kuvela izimpawu ze-dyspeptic, iphunga elibonakalayo le-acetone kushukela libanjwa liphuma emlonyeni.
Ifomu eliphakathi libonakaliswa ngu:
- Yehla ekucindezelweni kwegazi;
- Isikhumba esiphuzi;
- Impendulo yomfundi ompofu kumisebe yokukhanya;
- Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi;
- Ukuzwa kobuhlungu emgodini wesisu, ukwephula isigqi sokulimala, ukugabha, nezinye izinkinga zedyspeptic;
- Ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo kwansuku zonke kulandelwa ukuphuma komzimba.
Ezimweni ezinzima, kunezikhalazo:
- Ukuquleka njalo;
- Ukukhombisa kwemisipha, kanye nokusabela kwabafundi kuncishiswa;
- Isibindi sikhulisiwe;
- Ukuphefumula kancane, kuhambisana nomsindo;
- Izinga le-acetone noshukela ekuhlaziyeni lidlula yonke imikhawulo.
Uma i-acetone ingahoxiswa ngokuphuthumayo kulesi sigaba, ohlukunyeziwe uqinisekiswa ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, futhi kungenzeka afe.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga
Yini ubungozi be-ketonuria? Ngokwayo, i-acetone ekuhlaziyweni akuyona imbangela yokwesaba. Kepha uma i-acidization yomzimba ingavinjelwanga, i-acidity iba khona lapho ibhalansi ifika ku-7,3, lapho ubuchopho bungatholi ukudla okufanele futhi “kucishe” ubuchopho.
Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kakhulu nokulungiswa kwe-pH, imiphumela ingaba mibi.
Ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa uhlobo lokwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukusungula okuqukethwe okuqondile kwemizimba ye-ketone emchameni nasegazini. Ukuhlolwa okufanayo kungenziwa ekhaya, uma uthenga imicu yokuhlola "Acetontest", "Ketonstiks", "Uriket." Imichilo efanayo yokuhlola isetshenziswa elebhu yokuxilonga. Ukulula nokufinyeleleka kwenqubo kuzosiza ekuboneni isidingo sokuhlolwa kodokotela.
Ngabe isifo sikashukela sikhipha kanjani i-acetone
Ungazinciphisa kanjani izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis uma i-pancreas ingahambisani nemisebenzi yayo yokukhiqiza i-insulin ephelele ye-hormone? Intambo eyinhloko yabantu ababuthakathaka yindlala izoba yimijovo ye-insulin. Udokotela uzokhetha umthamo kanye nokuvama kokucatshangelwa kwemininingwane yokuhlaziya kanye nesigaba salesi sifo. Umthamo ngamunye wehomoni (kungadingeka ukwenyusa izinga elijwayelekile) uzofinyelela amaseli alambile nge-carbon, bese i-acetone ekugcineni ishiya uketshezi lwebhayoloji.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli sinqunyelwe izinqubo ze:
- Ukubuyisela ibhalansi yendawo ye-acid ne-alkaline;
- Ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- Ukuvuselelwa komzimba;
- Qeda i-hypokalemia.
Kwesinye isikhathi ama-enterosorbents anqunyelwe ngokungeziwe: iSmecta, Polysorb, Polyphepan, kanye nomjovo we-intravenous we-0.9% NaCl solution yokubuyisela ibhalansi ye-electrolyte. Imbangela yalesi sifo kuvame ukungabi bumswakama, kuyalulekwa ukwandisa inani lamanzi achithwa.
Uma isiguli sakwazi ukuphuma ku-coma, ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva, kudingeka sibukeze ngokuphelele imikhuba yaso.
Lapho i-ketonuria ingabhekwa njengokujwayelekile
Namuhla, odokotela banokhetho olubanzi lwezidakamizwa ukuze bavimbe i-hyperglycemia futhi bavikele i-acidosis. Isimo esiyinhloko sesinxephezelo sikashukela esizinzile ekudleni okulinganiselayo.
Namuhla, akukho ukuvumelana phakathi kwama-endocrinologists mayelana nokuthi yikuphi ukudla okungcono kwesifo sikashukela: ngobukhulu bekhalori futhi ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinhlobo zokudla ezinama-carbohydrate noma ukudla kwendabuko okuvinjelwe ushukela odonsa ngokushesha.
Esimweni sokuqala, i-glycemia ihlala iphansi futhi umzimba kufanele ukhiqize amandla emafutheni angaphandle, ngenkathi ihlanganisa i-acetone. Ngale ndlela, i-ketonuria iyinto evamile, futhi uphawu aludingi ukunakekelwa okusebenzayo kwezokwelapha.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Ingabe ama-ketones ahlala eyingozi? Ukubukeka kwabo kungaqoshwa empilweni yansuku zonke, futhi lokhu kumane nje kuwumphumela wezinguquko zesikhashana ze-metabolic.
Izincomo ezijwayelekile ze-endocrinologist:
- Ukuphindaphinda njalo kwe-insulin nokubala amayunithi wesinkwa;
- Ukuhambisana nokudla okuphansi kwe-carb;
- Ukulawulwa kwemikhuba emibi;
- Ukuzivocavoca njalo;
- Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngesikhathi.
Uma zonke izimo zihlangabezana futhi kunxeshezelwe okuzinzile ngoshukela kufinyelelwa, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angaphila isikhathi eside kunalabo abangenazo izinkinga ezinkulu kangako okwamanje, kodwa bathathe impilo yabo kancane.
