Abantu abatholakala benesifo sikashukela noma ushukela wegazi ophakeme bayelulekwa ukuba basibheke njalo lesi sikhombisi - kuze kube kaningi ngosuku.
Kuyiqiniso, awugijimeli emtholampilo noma elabhorethri, futhi ama-glucometer asekhaya ayokusiza: ukhiphe umunwe wakho, ukhiphe ithonsi legazi, futhi umphumela ngokushesha waziwa.
Ngokwemvelo, ukuhlola umphumela, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini evamile ushukela egazini le-capillary, ukuze kuthi uma ushukela ukhuphuka kakhulu noma unciphise, ngokushesha uthathe izinyathelo.
Umehluko phakathi kokuhlaziywa kwegazi le-capillary ne-venous
Cishe ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngivivinyo elivame kakhulu. Ukwenza ucwaningo olunjalo kusivumela ukuthi singagcini nje ngokubheka izinkinga zohlelo lokujikeleza, kodwa futhi nezifo zezitho ezahlukahlukene (mhlawumbe ezingakacaci isiguli uqobo), kanye nezinqubo zokulimala ezifihliwe emzimbeni.
Ukuhlaziya, okubalulekile - igazi - kungathathwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- kusukela esikhwameni somunwe (iminwe evulekile yesandla sobunxele) - igazi elinjalo libizwa nge- capillary;
- kusuka emthanjeni (ikakhulukazi esivalweni sendololondo) - okubonakalayo kubizwa ngokuthi yi-venous.
Ukulungiselela ukuqoqwa kwezinto nganoma iyiphi yalezi zindlela akufani: kunconywa ukunikela ngegazi esiswini esingenalutho, ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlaziya kuyadingeka ukugwema ukuzikhandla ngamandla, ukucindezela, ukuphuza utshwala.
Ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, igazi elithathwe emunweni lihluke kakhulu kwinto ethathwe emthanjeni: i-capillary iqukethe ama-leukocytes amancane, "ayimpofu" uma iqhathaniswa ne-venous. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwesilinganiso, igazi le-capillary lisetshenziswa ngendlela "emsulwa" - njengoba yatholakala, futhi i-plasma ihlukaniswe kwi-venous futhi ukwakheka kwayo sekuvele kuhlaziywa.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi igazi le-venous alizinzile futhi liguqula ukwakheka kwalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, elingaphambanisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa.
Ngenxa umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zegazi, imiphumela yokuhlaziywa okufanayo okwenziwa ngegazi le-capillary ne-venous igazi iyohluka, kepha amanani ajwayelekile ahlukile.
Ngakho-ke izinga likashukela egazini elithathwe emunweni lihlukahluka kakhulu ngesilinganiso sikashukela ku-plasma yegazi le-venous.
Izinga likashukela egazini kusuka ngomunwe esiswini esingenalutho: itafula ngeminyaka
Inani lezinkomba ezijwayelekile zamazinga kashukela alincike ebulini: kwabesilisa nabesifazane bayefana.
Kepha okujwayelekile kwehlukile kubantu beminyaka ehlukile: kosanda kuzalwa, amanani ajwayelekile aphansi kakhulu kunakwentsha noma kwabadala (lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ezinganeni ipancreas ayikakhuli ngokwanele futhi ayisebenzi ngamandla aphelele), futhi nasebegugile, izinga likashukela eliyi-capillary igazi livunyelwe ukuba phezulu kunelabantu abasha.
Ithebula libonisa ukuthi amazinga ashukela ajwayelekile egazini le-capillary aguquka kanjani esiswini esingenalutho ngesikhathi sokuphila:
| Iminyaka yobudala | Isimo sikashukela, mmol / l |
| 0-1 | 2,8-4,4 |
| 1-7 | 3,0-4,7 |
| 7-14 | 3,2-5,6 |
| 14-60 | 3,3-5,5 |
| 60-90 | 4,6-6,4 |
| >90 | 4,2-6,7 |
Ngemuva kokudla, izinga likashukela likhuphuka, futhi umkhawulo ophezulu ojwayelekile kumuntu omdala ngu-7.8 mmol / L.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, uhlaka “olujwayelekile” luhamba kancane: ngalesi sikhathi, amazinga kashukela angakhuphuka kancane, futhi amanani asuka ku-4,6 kuye ku-6.7 mmol / L abhekwa njengejwayelekile.
Inkomba ekhuphukayo ikhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sokuthambisa umzimba - isimo esiyingozi kumama nengane engakazalwa.
Amanani adlula isiginali ejwayelekile emzimbeni othile aze afike kushukela. Uma izinga likashukela egazini le-capillary liphakanyisiwe, kunikezwa izifundo ezengeziwe, lapho kuzobe sekusetshenziswa igazi le-venous.
Izinga le-glucose elivumelekile elishukela kwisifo sikashukela ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla
Amanani abhekwa njengento eyiqiniso kumuntu ophilile. Uma kwenzeka kweqa izinga likashukela egazini le-capillary le-7.0 mmol / l, ushukela ungashiwo kaningi.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuzosiza ukucacisa ukutholakala kwezifo. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yemiphumela yalezi zivivinyo, ungenza noma wenqabe ngokuqiniseka ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela mellitus.
Ithebula libonisa amanani ajwayelekile (wokujwayelekile) wokuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela nabantu abanempilo:
| Uhlobo lokuhlaziywa | Isifo sikashukela | Akunasifo sikashukela |
| Ushukela ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho, i-mmol / l | 5,0-7,2 | 3,9-5,0 |
| Ushukela ngemuva kwamahora 1 no-2 ngemuva kokudla, mmol / l | cishe i-10.0 | hhayi ephakeme kune-5.5 |
| I-Glycated hemoglobin,% | 6,5-7 | 4,6-5,4 |
Izizathu kanye nengozi yokuphambuka kwezinkomba kusuka kokujwayelekile
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuphambuka kwemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kusuka kokujwayelekile yi-hyperglycemia ne-hypoglycemia.
Izinga elikhulayo
Imvamisa, amazinga kashukela wegazi adlula amanani ajwayelekile. Kulokhu, bakhuluma nge-hyperglycemia.
Izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia yilezi:
- ukoma okungapheli;
- ukuchama kaningi kanye nephrofayili;
- umlomo owomile, ukungakwazi ukudakwa;
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba, ukoma nokuqhekeka kwesikhumba;
- ukushaya ngamandla ngokushesha, ukuphefumula njalo okusindayo;
- ubuthakathaka.
I-Hyperglycemia iyingozi ngoba ingakhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi icishe ifane ne-asymptomatic: yingakho isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni sivame ukutholakala kuphela lapho esibhedlela esibhedlela sikhubazekile.
Inani elincishisiwe
Uma izinga likashukela lingaphansi kwesijwayelekile, lesi simo sibizwa nge-hypoglycemia. Ukudla okungenamsoco, ukucindezelwa, ukukhuphuka komzimba, nokudla okuqinile okuqukethe i-carbohydrate ephansi kuholela ekwehlekeni kwamazinga kashukela.
Ku-diabetesics, i-hypoglycemia kungenzeka ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile kwamathebulethi ukunciphisa ushukela noma ama-pancreas angasebenzi kahle.
Izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia yilezi:
- ukukhathala, ukunganaki;
- umuzwa wobuthakathaka, isiyezi;
- ukungaphatheki kahle, ukuqubuka kodlame;
- isicanucanu
- umuzwa onamandla wendlala.
Ngakho-ke, ubuchopho buphawula ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, ezenzelwe ushukela.
Uma, ngezimpawu ezinje, izindlela zokwandisa amazinga kashukela zingathathwanga (ukudla uswidi, ngokwesibonelo), khona-ke isimo somuntu siba sibi kakhulu: ukuvela, ukulahleka kwengqondo kuqhamuke, umuntu angawela enkingeni.
Ukuqapha amazinga kashukela nge-glucometer ekhaya
Amamitha kashukela weglue, alungele ukukala ushukela wegazi we-capillary noma kunini, noma kukuphi, manje esejwayelekile kakhulu.
Ukusebenziseka kwabo kulele ekutheni umuntu ophoqelelwa ukuthi aqaphe njalo ushukela angakwazi ukukwenza kalula ekhaya noma emsebenzini, akadingi ukuba abalekele emtholampilo noma elabhorethri zonke izinsuku, futhi umphumela waziwa ngemizuzwana embalwa.
Ukuze ubufakazi buthembeke, kubalulekile ukulandela imithetho ethile:
- geza izandla ngaphambi kokusampula kwegazi;
- udinga ukugcina imichilo yokuhlola kahle futhi uqaphele izinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi (ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuvula isiqukathi ngemichilo kufanele sisetshenziswe phakathi kwezinyanga ezintathu);
- inqubo yokuthatha amasampula egazi nokuyibeka kwi-analyzer ichazwa ngokuningiliziwe emiyalweni yedivayisi: udinga ukuyilandela ngokucophelela;
- uma imitha ingakhumbuli imiphumela, kungcono ukuyibhala kubhukwana elihlukile nosuku nesikhathi sokulinganisa;
- Idivayisi kumele igcinwe endaweni evikela kude kude nelanga.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi kusuka emunweni nakuwo umthambo kuvidiyo:
Inqubo yokulinganisa ushukela wegazi ngemitha yeglucose yasekhaya ilula kakhulu, futhi imvamisa yezilinganiso ayithinti ikhwalithi yempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo iyadingeka kwabanesifo sikashukela: impilo yabo nokuphila kuncike kukho.
