Ngaphezu kwe-hemoglobin ejwayelekile, i-glycated hemoglobin, noma i-HbA1c, nayo ikhona egazini lomuntu.
Luwuphawu oluhle kakhulu lwempilo yesiguli, kukuvumela ukuthi ukhombise ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile iziphazamiso ze-metabolic metabolic metabolic, kanye ne-pathologies engathi sína njengohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela.
Ukuhlola njalo ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuvumela iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kanye neziguli ezikhubazekile ze-carbohydrate metabolism ukuthi ziqonde ukuthi kusebenza kangakanani ukwelashwa okukhethwe udokotela nokuthi isiguli siyakwazi yini ukugcina ukugula kwakhe kulawulwa.
I-Glycated hemoglobin: yini?
I-Glycated hemoglobin noma i-HbA1c iyinhlangano eyakheka egazini ngenxa yokusabela kwe-glucose eqhekekile ne-hemoglobin ejwayelekile.
Ukwakheka kuzinzile futhi ngeke kuguqulwe kwenye into.
Isikhathi sokuphila kwento enjalo singezinsuku eziyi-100-120, noma isikhathi eside nje lapho iseli legazi “liphila”. Ngokufanelekile, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuthathwe ngumsizi welebhu kunganikeza imininingwane ephelele mayelana nezinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-hemoglobin nazo zikhona egazini lomuntu. Kodwa-ke, yi-HbA1c ethembele ngqo ezingeni likashukela egazini futhi yilona elifundisayo kunazo zonke.
I-glycated and glycosylated hemoglobin: ingabe yinto efanayo noma cha?
Imvamisa, ngaphezu kwencazelo evamile ye- “glycated hemoglobin,” odokotela basebenzisa igama elithi “glycosylated hemoglobin,” ngaleyo ndlela bedukisa iziguli.
Eqinisweni, imishwana ebhalwe ohlwini isho into efanayo.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba sesithole incwadi yokudluliselwa yokuhlaziywa kwe-glycosylated hemoglobin, umuntu akufanele ethuke. Sikhuluma ngohlobo lokucwaninga olwalujwayele kahle abanesifo sikashukela, umphumela waso ozosiza ukulawula izinga lamazinga egazi omaka obalulekile ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule.
Yini i-HbA1c ephelele ikhombisa kuhlolo lwegazi?
Lapho unikela ngegazi ku-hemoglobin ye-glycated, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kungani lolu hlobo lokuhlola lwenziwa, nokuthi imiphumela ithini kochwepheshe.IHemoglobin equkethwe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi iyakwazi ukunamathisela ushukela ovela kwi-plasma yegazi. Ushukela omningi uqukethe emzimbeni, liphezulu isilinganiso sokusungulwa kweHbA1c.
Inani le-hemoglobin ye-glycated lizoya ngokuqondile ekucindezelweni kweglucose ephakathi kwempilo yamangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
Futhi njengoba i-erythrocyte "yeminyaka" ehlukene ikhona egazini, ochwepheshe bavame ukuthatha inkomba ejwayelekile (yezinsuku ezingama-60-90) njengesisekelo. Okusho ukuthi, ngemuva kokuxhuma kwezinkomba, ukwenziwa kwejwayelekile kwe-HbA1c esegazini kungenzeka ngaphambi kwalokho ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-30-45.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba esethole umphumela wokuhlaziywa, udokotela ohambelayo angaphetha ngokuphelele ngokuthi isiguli sinephula umthetho we-carbohydrate metabolism, noma uma sekuyisikhathi eside siphethe isifo sikashukela.
Izindlela zokunquma zeHemoglobin A1c
Namuhla, ochwepheshe basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokunquma i-A1c egazini leziguli. Ngalesi sizathu, kunconyelwa ukuthi bahlolwe esikhungweni sezokwelapha esifanayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, imiphumela etholakala ngenkathi kwenziwa ucwaningo kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ingahluka komunye.
Emabhubhoratri anamuhla, izindlela ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukuthola inani le-glycogemoglobin:
- I-HPLC (ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-chromatography). Ukubalwa kwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kusetshenziswa umhlaziyi;
- inqubo yezandla (i-ion exchange chromatography). Ukubona ukuqoqeka kwento yenzalo, lonke igazi lixubene nekhambi lokuloba. Ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlaziya kudinga futhi ukuba khona kohlaziyo lwe-biochemical biochemical;
- ingcindezi ephansi ye-ion exchange chromatography. Inhlanganisela efanelekile yezimpawu zabathengi nezimpawu zokuhlaziya zenza le ndlela ithandeke kakhulu. Imiphumela etholwe kusetshenziswa i-HPLC futhi le ndlela ihlala ifana;
- usebenzisa abahlaziyi be-glycohemoglobin ephathekayo. Le ndlela ivumela ukukalwa ngqo embhedeni wesiguli. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zocwaningo olunjalo ziphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke indlela ayifuneki kakhulu;
- immunoturbidimetry. Ikuvumela ukuthi unqume iphesenti le-HbA1c esegazini lonke, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukuqonda okwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, ijubane lokuthola umphumela liphezulu impela.
Imikhuba yabantu abadala nezingane
Ukwakha umbono wenhloso, uchwepheshe usebenzisa izinkomba ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile. Iminyaka nemibandela ehlukile, izinombolo zizohluka.
Umuntu ophilile
Kumuntu ophile saka, izinga lokuhlushwa kwe-glycogemoglobin lisesigabeni lisuka ku-4% liye ku-5.6%.
Ukuhlukumezeka okwesikhathi esisodwa akunakubhekwa njengobufakazi obuqondile bokuthi kukhona isifo sikashukela noma i-hypoglycemia.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukwehluleka okuncane kwenzeka ngisho nakubantu abaphilile ngaphansi kwethonya lokuxineka, ngokweqile ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba, nezinye izinto eziningi.
Esigulini esinesifo sikashukela
Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, okujwayelekile kunqunywa ngakunye. Uchwepheshe wembula lokhu, ngokuya ngesimo sempilo kanye nobunzima balesi sifo.
Kepha kunoma yikuphi, isiguli kufanele siqaphe njalo izinga le-glycemia futhi sizame ukukhulisa ukuletha amanani we-HbA1c abejwayelekile (asuka ku-4% aye ku-5.6%).
Ngokuqondene namazinga, izinkomba eziphakathi kuka-5.7% no-6.4% zikhombisa ukuthi isiguli sisesimweni “somngcele”, futhi ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela iphezulu impela.
I-Glycemic hemoglobin enoshukela wegazi
Njengoba wazi, i-HbA1c incike ngqo kuzinga le-glucose esegazini. Kunemikhakha ethile evame ukusungulwa lapho udokotela angakwazi ukubona ukuthi isimo sempilo sesiguli siyenelisa.
Inani lezinkomba elinempilo livezwa etafuleni:
| HbA1c,% | IGlucose, mmol / L |
| 4,0 | 3,8 |
| 4,5 | 4,6 |
| 5,0 | 5,4 |
| 5,5 | 6,5 |
| 6,0 | 7,0 |
| 6,5 | 7,8 |
| 7,0 | 8,6 |
| 7,5 | 9,4 |
| 8 | 10,2 |
Ngabe ukuphambuka kwezinga le-HbA1c kusuka kokujwayelekile kubonisani?
Ukunyuka kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kungenzeka kungakhombisi kuphela ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela.Ukwanda okusheshayo kokuhlushwa nakho kungabangelwa ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose. Amanani we-HbA1c ancishisiwe ayingozi kangako.
Zingaba wumphumela wokuba khona komdlavuza kumanyikwe, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, ukunamathela isikhathi eside ekudleni okune-carb ephansi nezinye izinto.
Ungawehlisa kanjani / unyuse inani?
Ukwenza ngcono noma kwehlise i-HbA1c kuzosiza ukugcina umsoco ofanele, inhlangano efanelekayo yendlela yansuku zonke kanye nokuqaliswa kwezincomo zikadokotela.
Ukucebisa izinga le-glycogemoglobin kuzosiza ukucebisa ngokudla (ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo enengqondo) ngemikhiqizo equkethe ushukela, yehlise ukusebenza komzimba kuze kube sezingeni elifanele, futhi uzivikele ekucindezelekeni.
Ukufeza ukwehliswa kwe-HbA1c, isethi yezindlela zokuphambanisa iyadingeka. Kulokhu, isiguli kuzodingeka sishintshele ekudleni okune-carb ephansi, sinikeze umzimba ukusebenza komzimba, sigweme izimo ezicindezelayo futhi siqaphe njalo izinga le-glycemia.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Imininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuvidiyo:
Ukuhlola amazinga we-hemoglobin we-glycated yisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuxilongwa kwabanesifo sikashukela. Ukugcina lesi simo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kungaphansi kokulawulwa, kunconywa ukuthi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela nokuphambuka ku-carbohydrate metabolism zinikele ngegazi njalo ezinyangeni ezintathu nge-HbA1c.
