Amazinga afanele we-hemoglobin ye-glycated egazini: izinkambiso zabantu abanempilo kanye nabanesifo sikashukela

Namuhla, isifo sikashukelaesohlwini lwezifo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, okuzoqinisekiswa yiwo wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela.

Esigulini esinjalo, izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated lidlala indima enkulu, ngoba kuze kube namuhla, isifo sikashukela asikalashwa ngokuphelele.

Udokotela anganciphisa kuphela umthelela owonakalisayo emzimbeni wesiguli. Kodwa ukuthola iqiniso lokuqalwa kokuqalwa kwesifo kusiza ukulethwa kokuhlaziywa kwe-glycogemoglobin.

I-A1C isetshenziselwa ukuthola isifo sikashukela. Nguye owenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhomba ukugula okuqala ukukhula esigabeni sokuqala, okwenza ukuthi akwazi ukuqala ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ngokushesha.

Izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated liqashwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwenkambo enqunyelwe yokwelashwa. Kuyiqiniso, akubona bonke abantu abazi ukuthi uyini.

Yini i-glycated hemoglobin?

Noma ngubani onomqondo omncane wezokwelapha uzothi i-hemoglobin iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-erythrocyte, ingqamuzana legazi elithutha isikhutha nomoya-mpilo.

Lapho ushukela ungena nge-membrane ye-erythrocyte, ukusabela kokuxhumana kwama-amino acid neglucose kuqala.

Kulandela imiphumela yenqubo enjalo ukuthi kwakheka i-glycohemoglobin. Ukuba ngaphakathi kwengqamuzana legazi, i-hemoglobin ihlala izinzile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga laso lihlala njalo ngaphezu kwesikhathi eside (cishe izinsuku eziyi-120).

Cishe izinyanga ezine kamuva, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi enza umsebenzi wawo, bese enza inqubo yokubhujiswa. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-glycated hemoglobin nefomu layo lamahhala liyabhidlika. Lapho uqeda le nqubo, i-bilirubin, okuwumkhiqizo wokugcina wokuqhekeka kwe-hemoglobin, ne-glucose ayikwazi ukubopha.

Kusho ukuthini ukuhlolwa kwegazi?

Izindlela zokuvimbela ukwakheka kwalesi sifo zingasindisa impilo yesiguli futhi zinikeze ithuba lokuqhubeka nokuba khona okujwayelekile, okugcwele.

Isici sesibili, esingabalulekile kangako kohlolo lwegazi yikhono lokubona ukuhambisana kwesiguli nazo zonke izincomo zikadokotela, isimo sakhe sengqondo kwezempilo, ikhono lokunxephezela i-glucose nokugcina isimo saso ngaphakathi kohlaka oludingekayo.

Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole izeluleko futhi uhlolwe ezingeni le-A1C:

• ukuhlaselwa njalo kwenhliziyo;
• Ubuhlungu besisu esiswini;
• ukuhlanza
• eqinile, hhayi ejwayelekile yokoma kwesikhathi eside.

I-hemoglobin ephelele ye-glycated: iphesenti elijwayelekile kubantu abadala nezingane

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi bobabili ubulili bomuntu nobudala bakhe bayakwazi ukuthonya izinga le-glycogemoglobin.

Le nto ichazwa iqiniso lokuthi ezigulini ezikhulile inqubo ye-metabolic yehlisa ijubane. Kepha kubantu abasha nasezinganeni, le nqubo isheshiswa, okuholela ekwandeni kokudla kwabo ngokomzimba ngokwezinga lokufaneleka.

Kufanele ukhulume kabanzi ngemininingwane ejwayelekile ye-glycated hemoglobin kunoma yiliphi iqembu elinikeziwe:

1. kumuntu onempilo (kufaka phakathi iminyaka engama-65). Indoda enempilo, owesifazane, kanye nengane kufanele babe nenkomba ye-glycogemoglobin, etholakala ku-4-6%. Njengoba kungabonakala kulezi zibalo, lokhu okujwayelekile kudlula kancane izinga elijwayelekile lokuhlaziywa kwe-plasma lactin, okuyi-3.3-5,5 mmol / l, ngaphezu kwalokho, esiswini esingenalutho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ushukela uyakwazi ukuguquguquka. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokudla, kungu-7.3-7.8 ngenani elijwayelekile lemihla le-3.9-6.9. Kepha imvelo ye-HbA1c kumuntu oneminyaka engaphezulu kwengama-65 ubudala iyahluka phakathi kuka-7.5-8%;
2. ngesifo sikashukela mellitus 1 no-2. Njengoba kuphawulwe kancane, ubungozi bokuthola isifo “esimnandi” senyuka ngezinga le-HbA1c le-6.5-6.9%. Lapho inkomba ikhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-7%, i-lipid metabolism iyaphazamiseka, kanti ukwehla kwe-glucose kuthumela isexwayiso ngokuqala kwento efana ne-prediabetes.

Amazinga we-hemoglobin we-Glycated ayahlukahluka, ngokuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela futhi kuvezwe ethebula elingezansi:

Izizathu zokuphambuka kwezinkomba kusuka kokujwayelekile

Ukuhlaziywa okudluliselwe ku-A1C kuyakwazi ukukhombisa kokubili ukweqisa kwezinga elivumelekile nokwehla kwesikhombisi esingezansi kwesilinganiso.

Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi ngezizathu ezimbalwa.

Ngakho-ke, inani le-HbA1C lingakhuphuka nge:

• ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic;
• ukubekezelelwa kweseli okumpofu kushukela;
• uma kukhona ukwehluleka ohlelweni lokuqongelwa ushukela ekuseni, ngaphambi kokudla.

I-Hyperglycemia iboniswa ngu:

• ukuguqulwa okuhleliwe kwemizwa;
• ukukhuphuka kokujuluka noma isikhumba esomile;
• ukoma okungagculisi;
• ukuchama njalo;
• inqubo ende yokuvuselelwa kwamanxeba;
• ukuguquguquka okusheshayo kwengcindezi yegazi;
• i-tachycardia;
• ukwesaba okwandayo.

Ukubonisa ukwehla kwezinga le-glycogemoglobin can:

• ukuba khona kwe-tumor kwezicubu ze-pancreatic, eba imbangela yokukhishwa kwe-insulin kakhulu;
• ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwezincomo zokudla okune-carb ephansi, okuholela ekwehlekeni okubukhali kwe-glucose;
• okweqisayo yemithi enciphisa ushukela.

I-HbA1c i-glue glucose ejwayelekile

Kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlolwe ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwenkambo enqunyiwe yokwelashwa kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ezidlule. Inani lokulinganisa elijwayelekile le-HbA1c ngu-7%.

Ukuchazwa kahle kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glycogemoglobin kuyadingeka, kucatshangelwa ubudala besiguli, kanye nokuba khona kwanoma iyiphi inkinga. Isibonelo:

• intsha, abantu abasha abangenayo i-pathologies banesilinganiso esingu-6.5%, ngenkathi bekhona abasolwa be-hypoglycemia noma ukwakheka kwezinkinga - 7%;
• iziguli zesigaba sobudala bokusebenza, ezingafakwanga eqenjini lezingozi, zenani lama-7%, futhi lapho zithola ubunzima - 7.5%;
• abantu beminyaka, kanye neziguli ezinesifo sokuphila esilinganiselwe seminyaka emi-5, zinezinkomba ezijwayelekile ze-7.5%, uma ngabe sengozini ye-hypoglycemia noma i-pathologies ebucayi - 8%.

Ithebula lemihla ngemihla le-HbA1c Ushukela Conformity

Namuhla, emkhakheni wezokwelapha, kukhona amatafula akhethekile abonisa isilinganiso se-HbA1c kanye ne-average index index:

Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ithebula elingenhla libonisa ukuhambelana kwe-glycohemoglobin ene-lactin kumuntu onesifo sikashukela ezinsukwini ezingama-60 ezedlule.

Kungani i-HbA1c ishukela elijwayelekile futhi elisheshayo liphakanyisiwe?

Imvamisa, iziguli ezinjenge inani elijwayelekile le-HbA1c ngokunyuka okufanayo kushukela zibhekene neziguli ezinesifo sikashukela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkomba enjalo iyakwazi ukukhuphuka ngo-5 mmol / l kungakapheli amahora angama-24.

Lesi sigaba sabantu sinezinkinga ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuphathwa ngokuphelele kwesifo sikashukela kwenziwa ngokuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kocwaningo nokuhlolwa kweshukela okukhona.

Ukutadisha kwe-glycohemoglobin kusivumela ukuthi sisungule ekuqaleni kwezinkinga zokukhubazeka kwe-glucose metabolism ngisho nangaphambi kwesikhathi sokubandakanyeka.

Ngakho-ke, ukwanda kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated ngu-1% ngaphezulu kunokwejwayelekile kungakhombisa ukwanda okuqhubekayo koshukela ngo-2-2,5 mmol / l.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Mayelana nezimo ze-hemoglobin ye-glycated egazini kule vidiyo:

Uhlobo oluchaziwe lokuhlaziywa luyakwazi ukukhombisa ngokunembile ubukhulu besifo sikashukela, amazinga okubuyiswa kwalesi sifo emasontweni angama-4-8 okugcina, kanye namathuba wokwenza noma yiziphi izinkinga.

Ukulawula isifo “esimnandi”, kuyadingeka ukuthi ungalweleli ukwehlisa inani le-plasma lactin elisheshayo, kodwa futhi nokunciphisa i-glycogemoglobin. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwehla kwe-1% kunciphisa izinga lokufa kwabantu kusuka kushukela ngo-27%.