Isifo sikashukela yisifo esiyingozi esiholela enanini lezinkinga ezivela ekuphazamisweni kwenkambiso yezinqubo ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile.
Ngokungeziwe ekunciphiseni ukuqina kwemithambo, ukubona okungahambi kahle nokugeleza kwegazi, ukubukeka kwesisindo ngokweqile kanye nezinye izibonakaliso ezihlobene, isiguli esinesifo sikashukela naso singaba nesifo sikashukela sikashukela.
I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela: kuyini?
I-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela iyinkimbinkimbi ebangelwa izinga likashukela eliphakeme njalo nokuntuleka kwe-insulin.
Ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kuyingozi impela, ngoba, uma kungelashwa, kungadala ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela kanye nomphumela obulalayo olandelayo.
Lesi simo singenzeka lapho umzimba womuntu ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose njengomthombo wamandla ngenxa yokungabikho noma okuqukethwe okunganele kwe-insulin ye-hormone. Futhi njengoba umzimba udinga amandla wempilo ejwayelekile, umzimba ufaka indlela yokubuyisa, uqala ukusebenzisa amafutha avela ekudleni njengabaphakeli bamandla.
Ngemuva kokuwohloka kwamakhompiyutha anamafutha, kwakheka ama-ketones, okungimikhiqizo edoti. Ziqongelela emzimbeni ziyifake ubuthi. Ukuqongelela kwama-ketones kuzicubu ngamanani amakhulu kuholela ekutheni kudakwe. Uma isikhathi singathathwanga, isiguli siwela ebuthakathakeni.
Izimbangela zohlobo 1 no-Type 2 Diabetesics
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubonakala kwalesi simo ukungabi bikho kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngenani elifanele elidingekayo ekucubunguleni ushukela.
Uhlu lwezinto ezibangela ukuvela kwe-ketoacidosis lubanzi kakhulu:
- ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, lapho isiguli singakaqali ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezonciphisa ushukela;
- ukuntuleka kokulashwa okwenele (ukusetshenziswa okubambezelekileyo komuthi, ukunciphisa umthamo noma ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngokungafanele);
- ukwephulwa kokudla noma kokudla (ukudla amanani amaningi ama-carbohydrate akhanyayo noma ukweqa ukudla);
- izifo ezihlangana nazo, ezandisa inkathi yesifo sikashukela (ukushaya kwenhliziyo, imivimbo kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo zomgudu wokuphefumula kanye nokuchama);
- ukuntuleka kokulawula ushukela;
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezandisa amazinga kashukela;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezihambisanayo zohlelo lwe-endocrine, lapho kukhiqizwa khona ama-hormone akhuphuka ngezinga le-glucose egazini.
Noma yiziphi zalezi zinto, ngokuhambisana nezinqubo zesifo sikashukela, zingakhuthaza ukuqala ngokushesha kwe-ketoacidosis.
Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-ketoacidosis kushukela
Iziguli eziqale ukuhlangana nalezi zibonakaliso azihlali ziqonda ngokushesha ukuthi kwenzekani kubo, ngakho-ke abazithathi izinyathelo ezidingekayo.
Ngenkathi isiguli sihamba kancane, imikhiqizo emnika ubuthi iqoqwa kakhulu emzimbeni, bese kuthi ukukholeka. Ukuvimbela lokhu kungenzeki, qiniseka ukuthi unaka inhlala-kahle yakho.
Izimpawu ezilandelayo zikhombisa ukuqala kwesimo esiyingozi:
- ubuthakathaka nokukhathala okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo;
- ukoma okungapheli;
- ukunciphisa umzimba;
- Ubuhlungu besisu
- isicanucanu kanye nezikhathi zokuhlanza;
- izibuko
- umoya we-acetone;
- isikhumba esomile
- ukuphathwa yikhanda nokungaphatheki kahle;
- ukwanda kokuchama (kusenesikhathi) noma ukungabikho komchamo ngokuphelele (esimweni esiseduze nekhola).
Izimpawu kubantu abadala nasezinganeni: ingabe kukhona umehluko?
Izimpawu ezibonisa ukukhula kwe-ketoacidosis ezinganeni azihlukile kuzimpawu ezibonakala kubantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, uma uqaphele uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu oluqinisekisa isimo esiyingozi enganeni, qiniseka ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga
I-ketoacidosis itholakala ngokuhlolwa okuphelele.
Uma isiguli esake satholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala noma sohlobo 2 sazisa udokotela ngezimpawu ezibhalwe ngenhla kanye nokuba khona kwezifo ezifanayo ezingaxaka inkambo yesifo sikashukela, udokotela angenza izindlela eziningana zokuxilonga.
Imvamisa, inqubo yokuxilonga iqala ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, okubheka ukoma kwesikhumba nezicubu zomgogodla, ukuba khona kobuhlungu esiswini, iphunga le-acetone elisuka emlonyeni, ukwehla kokusabela (ukudinwa), ukwehla komfutho wegazi nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo.
Ukuqinisekisa izinsolo, isiguli sinikezwa umhlahlandlela wuchungechunge lwezinyathelo zaselebhu:
- Ukuhlaziywa komchamo wokuba khona kwemizimba ye-ketone ne-acetone ekwakhiweni kwayo;
- Ukuhlola izinga le-glucose kanye nemizimba ye-ketone egazini;
- ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile komchamo negazi;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuningiliziwe;
- Ukuhlaziywa kwesilinganiso se-acid-base nokwakheka kwegesi kwegazi.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yezifundo kanye nokuhlolwa kwesiguli, udokotela ufinyelela iziphetho mayelana nesimo sempilo sesiguli futhi anqume ukwelashwa okufanele.
Izimiso zokwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis kwenziwa esibhedlela, endaweni yokunakekela abagulayo.
Ukudambisa isimo sesiguli, asuse izimpawu futhi enze inhlala-kahle yakhe, kusetshenziswe inkimbinkimbi yezidakamizwa:
- i-insulin yokunciphisa ushukela wegazi;
- izisombululo ze-sodium chloride zokwenzela ukuntuleka kwamanzi;
- amalungiselelo ngosawoti we-potassium (ukubuyela esele kwe-electrolyte evamile);
- ukulungiswa kwe-pH;
- imishanguzo yokuvimbela ukukhula kwezinqubo ezithathelwanayo;
- ama-anticoagulants ukuvimbela i-thrombosis;
- izixazululo ze-glucose ukugwema i-hypoglycemia.
Izinkinga kanye nokuvimbela okungenzeka
Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi okuhloswe ngazo ukuqeda isimo esiyingozi, izinkinga zingase zibe khona, kufaka phakathi i-edema yamakhemikhali, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, ukukhubazeka kwezifo ezithathelanayo, kanye nokufa okungenzeka kuqala.
Ukuvimbela, uzodinga ukulandela imithetho ethile, engafundwa mayelana ngezansi:
- ukusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwamalungiselelo we-insulin. Umthamo kufanele unqunywe ngudokotela ngokuya ngesimo sempilo sesiguli;
- ukudla njalo. Isiguli kufanele sidle ngokwehlukana, izikhathi ezingama-4-5 ngosuku ngezigaba ezincane. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ungafaki ama-carbohydrate akhanyayo (amnandi nefulawa) ekudleni;
- ukuqeqesha isiguli ukuzimela ngokuzimela izimpawu ezesabekayo futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele. Ngale njongo, ungaya esikoleni seziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Uma kungekho oseduze, funa ukubonisana nodokotela onguchwepheshe;
- ulwazi lwezimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela.
Ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ze-pathological, isiguli kufanele siqaphe isimo sayo futhi sivikele ukukhula kwe-ketoacidosis.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis yeswekile kuvidiyo:
Ukugwema ukubonakala kwesimo esiyingozi, isiguli sinconywa ukuba sizijwayeze nezinkinga ezikhona ekuqaleni, lapho senza ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela. Uma, noma kunjalo, ungazange ukwazi ukulawula isimo ngesikhathi, futhi i-ketoacidosis noma kunjalo isifikile, thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.
Esimweni lapho isimo sesiguli siwohloka ngokushesha, musa ukuzindla. Funa usizo kochwepheshe ukuze ungatholi imiphumela emibi ngendlela yokukhubazeka noma yokufa.
