Khuphula i-cholesterol yegazi ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela: imiphumela, imithi kanye nezimiso zokudla okunempilo

I-cholesterol isebenza njengomakhi weseli emzimbeni womuntu, ngaphandle kwayo impilo enempilo ayinakwenzeka, inqobo nje uma ukugcwala kwale nto esegazini kungangqubuzani nesilinganiso sobudala.

Yini engaholela ekwandeni kwe-cholesterol kubantu, wonke umuntu uyazi.

Kodwa imiphi imiphumela ye-cholesterol ephezulu ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, imikhumbi yayo esevele ihlushwa ushukela ophezulu.

I-cholesterol noshukela wegazi - kukhona ubudlelwano?

Ubudlelwano obuphakathi kwe-cholesterol nokugxila kashukela wegazi buqashelwe kakhulu odokotela. Kepha isikhathi eside abakwazanga ukuchaza inqubo yalokhu kuncika. Njengoba kamuva kwavela, kubangelwa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-metabolic emzimbeni womuntu.

Ushukela omningi egazini kuholela ekwakhekeni kwamafutha ne-cholesterol embi, okubandakanya ukwanda kwezici ezisengozini yesifo sikashukela.

Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-cholesterol iqala ngaleli cimbi elilandelayo:

• ushukela wegazi ophakeme uholela ekumelaneni ne-insulin kwamaseli, okuthuthukisa umuzwa wendlala. Kunesidingo sokugcwalisa umzimba. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla emzimbeni, kugcotshwa amafutha ngokweqile;
• i-insulin engafunwanga inethonya kuma-enzyme wesibindi, phakathi kwalawo angaphandle kwawo okungenakwenzeka kwe-cholesterol. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwanda kwamazinga e-cholesterol kuyabonakala egazini;

Imikhuba yabesilisa nabesifazane ngeminyaka

Impilo yabantu ixhumene ngokungalingani nobungako be-cholesterol noshukela osegazini. Ukusondela kwale nkomba sekujwayelekile, umuntu uyozizwa kangcono.

I-cholesterol ifaka emithanjeni yegazi

Kwenziwa izifundo ezembula ukuncika kwe-cholesterol ebangeni elihlukile labesilisa nabesifazane. Isidingo sale ndlela sichazwa iqiniso lokuthi ngobudala, izinkomba ezijwayelekile zithatha amanani ahlukile owesilisa nowesifazane.

Ukusuka ekuzalweni kuye esikhathini, ukwanda kwe-cholesterol yegazi kwabesifazane kubanjwa yi-hormone estrogen, bese kuthi lapho ineminyaka engu-50 + iqala ukukhula.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izimo zingazenzela izinguquko zazo, ngokwesibonelo:

1. ukuguquguquka kwesizini kuholela ekutheni esikhathini sekwindla-sentwasahlobo, izinga le-cholesterol kwabesifazane lingaphambuka kokujwayelekile, ngokwesilinganiso, ngo-3%;
2. ngokuqala komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ngaphansi kwethonya lamahhala ocansi, lokhu kuphambuka kusondela ku-8-10%;
3. ukukhulelwa kwenza umnikelo, kanti ukweqile kwe-cholesterol ngo-15% sekuvele kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile;
4. ezinye izifo, kunalokho, ziholela ekholesterol ephansi, futhi yilezi: umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-angina pectoris, izifo zokuphefumula ezinamandla, isimila esibuhlungu.

Kumadoda ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, i-cholesterol yegazi iyancishiswa.

Amanye amanani wesilinganiso se-cholesterol ephelele yabesifazane (mmol / l):

• kuze kube seminyakeni eyi-10 - 2.26 - 5.30;
• kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10-30 ubudala - 3.21 - 5.75;
• kusuka eminyakeni engama-40-45 ubudala - 3.81 - 6.53;
• kusuka eminyakeni engama-50-65 ubudala - 4.20 - 7.69;
• mdala kuneminyaka engama-70 - 4.48 - 7.25.

Amanye amanani wesilinganiso se-cholesterol ephelele yamadoda (mmol / l)

• kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10 - 2.95-5.25;
• kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10-15 - 3.08-5.23;
• kusuka eminyakeni engu-15- 20 ubudala - 2.91-5.10;
• kusuka eminyakeni engama-25-45 ubudala - 3.44-6.94;
• kusuka eminyakeni engama-50-65 ubudala - 4.09-7.17;
• emva kweminyaka engama-70 - 3.73-6.86.

Kuyingozi futhi kuyasiza

Ngaphandle kwe-cholesterol, ama-hormone awakwazi ukukhiqizwa, i-Vitamin D yenziwe, ama-enzyme abamba iqhaza kwinqubo yokugaya ukudla.

Ingxenye ye-cholesterol eyenziwe ngumzimba wethu yanele ukwanelisa izidingo zomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterol idliwe ngokudla.

Ukushintshwa kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni

Ukuhamba kwe-cholesterol ngemikhumbi yohlelo lokujikeleza kwenziwa ngosizo lwama-lipoprotein - izakhiwo ezincane ngaphakathi ezinamafutha (lipids), nangaphandle - amaprotheni (amaprotheni). Onke ama-lipoprotein ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ubukhulu (HDL) nobuphansi (LDL).

I-lipoprotein ephansi kakhulu ithathwa njengeyingozi. It cishe ayinamanzi. Ukweqiwa okukhulu kwe-LDL egazini kuholela ekwakhekeni kwama-cholesterol plaque. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-lipoprotein ephezulu yokushisa kwabantu ibhekwa njengewusizo.

Umsebenzi wayo ukuqoqa nokukhulula i-cholesterol esibindweni ukuze kucutshungulwe futhi kususwe kamuva emzimbeni. Kuyinto encibilikayo kakhulu emanzini futhi ayichithi.

Ukwanda kwesilinganiso se-cholesterol embi ku-plasma kuholela ekubonakaleni kwama-pathologies ezinhliziyo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi okuqukethwe kwegazi lakhe kuhlala kuvamile.

Izinga le-cholesterol embi egazini linomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane. Kwabesifazane, ingaphakathi kwe-1.9 mmol / l, nakwabesilisa - 0,85 mmol / l.

I-cholesterol ephezulu yohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela mellitus

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela, igazi lomuntu lithola ezinye izakhiwo: liqala ukunamathela ndawonye. Le nqubo ivimbela ukudlula kwama-lipids amahhala, okuholela ekwandeni kwesikhathi sokujikeleza kwegazi labo egazini.

Ingaphezulu lemithambo yegazi (i-endothelium) ikhubazekile ngenxa yeshukela elandayo. Ama-lipids ahleliwe anamathela ezindaweni ezingonakalisiwe futhi akha izingqimba ezenza unciphise ukukhanywa.

I-cholesterol ethe xaxa noshukela kuvusa ukuqhubeka kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo sithinta ithoni yazo yonke imithambo yegazi, enkulu nemincane.

Ngakho-ke, i-cholesterol kufanele ihlolwe njalo futhi ilinganiswe njalo. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala ezihlola amazinga kashukela egazini, cishe akukho ukukhuphuka kwe-cholesterol. Kepha kuvela isithombe esihluke ngokuphelele ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwandisiwe kwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ezigulini ezinjalo, ukwanda kwe-cholesterol ephelele, ama-lipoprotein aphansi (LDL), ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu nama-triglycerides kuzophawulwa.

Ngasikhathi sinye, izinga lama-lipoprotein aphezulu (LDL) nama-lipoprotein aphezulu kakhulu azokwehla.

Inani elincane lama-antigenic lipids lihluleka ukubhekana nokugeleza okwandayo kwe-cholesterol embi. Njengomphumela walokhu, izinqubo ze-atherosulinotic emikhunjini zizoqhubeka, ukuqhekeka kwabo (ukuvalwa) kuzoholela ku-hypoxia yezicubu zezitho ezibalulekile, i-dystrophy yabo kanye necrosis izothuthuka. Kumuntu onesifo sikashukela esine-cholesterol ephezulu, le yindlela eqondile yokuhlaselwa isifo senhliziyo noma unhlangothi.

I-Hypocholesterolemia in diabetesics

Ukusebenza kahle kwazo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba, kufanele kube nenani elanele le-cholesterol. Ngezinye izikhathi bahlangabezana nesimo esinjalo lapho inani elinganele le-cholesterol lenziwa emzimbeni womuntu, bese kwenzeka i-hypocholesterolemia.

Izimpawu zalo yilezi: ukuntula okuphelele kwesifiso sokudla, umuzwa wokuba buthakathaka emisipha, ukukhalipha okushwabeneyo, ukugcwala kwama-lymph node, kanye nesimo esinamafutha sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. I-Hypocholesterolemia iyingozi ngemiphumela yayo, eyethusa kakhulu kunesifo sohlangothi lwe-hemorrhagic.

Uma wonke amasistimu omzimba engatholi isakhi esibalulekile, khona-ke kukhiqizwa inani elanele emzimbeni:

• ama-hormone abalulekile anjenge-testosterone, estrogen, cortisol;
• IVithamini D, edingekayo ekukhiqizeni usawoti owakha isisekelo se-bile, ngaphandle kwawo akunakwenzeka ukugaya amafutha;
• i-digestibility yamavithamini wamaqembu A, E, K, aphikisana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-oncology, isifo senhliziyo, ukucindezela kuyancipha.

Ngosizo lwayo, amaseli avikelekile kuma-radicals mahhala, ithoni yemisipha, yezinzwa, yamathumbu, nezicubu zamathambo kuyagcinwa.

Yini ubungozi be cholesterol ephezulu?

Uma izinga le-cholesterol egazini lihlala lisezingeni eliphakeme isikhathi eside impela, kwenzeka i-hypercholesterolemia. Lokhu akukhona ukuxilongwa, kepha isitatimende seqiniso esidonsela phambili ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosclerosis.

Futhi kaningi, i-hypercholesterolemia ixhumeka ngokungalingani nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.I-Hypercholesterolemia ingatholakala kuphela ngokuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi elabhoratri ye-cholesterol.

Isiteji i-Atherossteosis

Kepha okunye ukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwalesi sici, okubandakanya ama-xanthomas (amaqhubu endaweni yama-tendon esikhunjeni), i-xanthelasma (imivimbo ephuzi ngaphansi kwesikhumba samashiya), nasendaweni ye-cornea - i-lipoid arc (umphetho eceleni komngcele we-cornea) akufanele ixwayise kuphela, kepha futhi yenze ushintsho isimo sabo sendlela abadla ngayo.

Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, isibalo seziguli esiqophe i-cholesterol engaphezulu kwe-plasma sifinyelela ku-77%. Isizathu esikhulu sokwanda kwe-LDL, ososayensi babiza ifa lofuzo.

Ubukhulu nosayizi wama-lipoprotein aphansi kuthintwa yizinga le-triglycerides esegazini likashukela.

I-Hypertriglyceridemia iholela ekwenyukeni kokuqukethwe kwezingxenyana ezincane nezi-denser ze-LDL, ezingafakwa glycosylated. Muva nje, ukunakwa okuthe xaxa kuyakhokhelwa ezingeni lama-triglycerides. Emithanjeni ye-coronary, akhulisa ingozi yokuhlakulela isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe nge-insulin ne-sulfonylurea amalungiselelo ahambisana nesizinda sokulahlekelwa isisindo kungaholela ekunciphiseni kokugxiliswa kwe-triglyceride, kepha ezimweni ezingandile kakhulu. Ngokuyisisekelo, ngisho nokuhlelwa ngokwejwayelekile kwe-glycemia, izinga le-triglycerides lihlala liphezulu.

Isikhombisi se-cholesterol esikhulayo siholela ngqo ekubukekeni kwe:

• umfutho ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme);
• izindlela zenhliziyo;
• uhlobo 2 sikashukela;
• isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kwemithambo yegazi;
• isifo sohlangothi;
• i-pancreatitis
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Lolu uhlu lwezifo ezivame kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterol ephezulu iyimbangela eyinhloko, eholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-renal pathologies, hypothyroidism, umdlavuza we-pancreatic.

Izindlela zokuxilonga zaselabhoratri kanye "nasekhaya"

Hlola izinga le-cholesterol ngokuhlola igazi ngale nkomba. Inqubo kufanele ihlelelwe ukugwema amaphutha okuxilonga. Umphumela ungathikamezwa kabi yizinto ezinjengokudla emahoreni angama-12 edlule ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhlolwa kwelebhu, ukuphuza utshwala, izindlela ezithile zokwelapha nokubhema.

Ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe kufanele kungafakwa ezinsukwini ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa. Ukuxilongwa, kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuhlolwa kwegazi kwelebhu cholesterol.

Imvamisa baphendukela kwindlela ye-enzymatic yokuxilonga. Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, isiguli sithola lo mphumela esandleni sasohlokweni lwelebhu, lapho kukhonjiswa khona izibalo zenani le-cholesterol ephelele, kanye nezingxenyana zalo.

Izinkomba kufanele zithobele okujwayelekile:

• isamba - kufika ku-5.2 mg / mmol;
• okuwusizo - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1.1 mg / mmol;
• elimazayo - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-3.5 mg / mmol.

Inani lalolu hlaziyo ukuthi libonisa isilinganiso sawo wonke izingxenyana ze-lipoprotein, amanani awo abaluleke kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwesimo sempilo.

Lokhu kuhlaziywa kunconywa kubo bonke abantu, noma ngabe umuntu uyagula noma cha. Uzosiza abantu abaphilile ukuthi baguqule umsoco wabo.

I-cholesterol ingalinganiswa ekhaya. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa imitha ye-cholesterol amamitha. Lawa ngamadivayisi okuhlaziya asebenza kumgomo we-glucometer. Ikhithi iqukethe imichilo yokuhlola enamanani akhethekile amakhemikhali amakhemikhali asabela ku-cholesterol.

Ngenxa yememori eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, imiphumela yokulinganisa engaqhathaniswa futhi ihlaziywe ingalondolozwa. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kwenzeke nganoma isiphi isikhathi ukwazi ukuthi yiliphi izinga cholesterol esemzimbeni futhi, uma kunokweqisa kwamanani avumelekile, khona-ke thatha izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi.

Ungashesha kanjani ukwehlisa?

Ukuze wehlise i-cholesterol egazini ngokushesha, kudingeka wenze izinguquko empilweni yakho.

Izimo zokunciphisa cholesterol yilezi:

• ushintsho kwikhwalithi yokudla;
• Ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwemikhuba emibi, okubandakanya ukubhema, ukulutha utshwala;
• ukuthuthukiswa komkhuba omusha onempilo ohlobene ngqo nezemidlalo;
• ukufeza ukulayisha ngokomqondo (ukuzindla).

Zonke lezi zincomo ezingenhla zisebenza kubantu abangenayo i-pathologies ethembekile emsebenzini wesibindi, izinso, uhlelo lwe-endocrine. Lapho kukhona izifo ezihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle koshukela, ngokuqina kwe-bile noma uma kwenzeka kungasebenzi ngokomzimba, kunzima kakhulu ukubhekana nale nkinga futhi neminye imishanguzo kufanele ixhunywe.

Izidakamizwa zemithi

Kwakhiwe izidakamizwa eziningi ezithinta izinqubo ze-biochemical emzimbeni womuntu ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol.

Igama elijwayelekile lalezi zidakamizwa ama-statins. Lapho uthatha ama-statins, imvamisa yezinkinga zenhliziyo iyancipha, futhi ukufa kweziguli ezine-atherosclerosis kuyancipha.

Baphuzwa isikhathi eside ngaphansi kokuqashwa kukadokotela ohambelayo. Ngokubonakala kwemiphumela emibi noma imisipha, udokotela uyaziswa ngokushesha. Ukusebenza kwesicelo kuhlolwa ngokuhlaziywa ngezikhathi ezithile kwe-cholesterol.

Uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwe-cholesterol (lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela mellitus), kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-Lipantil 200 M noma iTricor. Lapho uthatha le mishanguzo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezibangelwa yisifo sikashukela kuvinjelwe. La ma-statin futhi asusa i-uric acid eyeqile emzimbeni.

Izibhebhe zeLipantil 200 M

Akunconywa ukuthi uthathe nge-pathology ye-gallbladder, kanye nokuvela komzimba wamantongomane. Izidakamizwa ezinamandla nezisetshenziswa kakhulu zifaka ama-statins Atomax, Liprimar, Torvakard, njll.

Ukwehlisa ngokushesha izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-cholesterol, izidakamizwa ezimbalwa zamuva ezisuselwa ku-rosuvastatin sezakhiwe, umthamo omncane onikeza umphumela omuhle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: iRosucard, iRosulip, iTevastor, iKrestor, njll.

Amakhambi esintu

Ukuze unciphise i-cholesterol, kuthathwa ama-decoctions amakhambi okwelapha. Lokhu kwelashwa kubhekwa njengokuphephile ngokuphelele.

Amakhambi we-Folk anikeza umphumela omuhle ngokuhlanganiswa nokudla:

• izimbali ezomisiwe ze-linden zingumhlabathi zibe ufulawa futhi zithathe i-1 tsp kathathu ngosuku. izinsuku ezingama-30 ngamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho thatha ikhefu amasonto ama-2, bese izifundo ziphindwa;
• ekwindla, amajikijolo asanda kufakwa esidlekeni esilinganayo sezingcezu ezi-5 adliwa kumthamo owodwa kathathu ngosuku izinsuku ezine. Ngemuva kwesonto, konke kuyaphindwa;
• i-yarrow (20 g) ixubene ne-wort yase-St. John (20 g) ne-arnica (10 g), ithulule uhhafu welitha lamanzi ashisayo ahlanganiswe kancane bese kuthi lapho sekupholile, uthathe ukumiliswa phakathi nosuku;
• kuzosiza ukubhekana ne-cholesterol Indian spice turmeric, abalungiselela ngayo "ubisi lwegolide". Okokuqala, i-turmeric powder iguqulwa ibe unamathisela, walesi 2 tbsp. l i-turmeric yomhlabathi ixubene nenkomishi engu-1/2 yamanzi futhi, usebenzisa indlela yokukhubazeka, iqhubeke nokushisa okuphansi cishe imizuzu eyi-10, bese uvumela ukunamathisela kuphole bese uyithumela esiqandisini. Sebenzisa njengoba kudingeka.

Isiphuzo se-turmeric silungiswa kanjena: Ihora eli-1 ligxiliswa obisini olufudumele.l turmeric, thuthumela futhi uphuze ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa nsuku zonke ngenyanga eyi-1.

Ngokuhambisana noju, i-turmeric ilusizo olukhulu ngokumelene nesifo sikashukela. Lokhu, 1 tsp. i-turmeric, uju ne-ingcosana ye-ginger kufakwa engilazini yetiyi evamile. Lesi isiphuzo sokupholisa, sihlanza imithambo yegazi futhi sisize ukulungisa amazinga kashukela egazini.

Ukudla okuwusizo nemithetho yokudla okunempilo

Ngokuxilongwa kwe-cholesterol ephakeme kushukela, kufanele uqaphe ngokuqinile okudla.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi imikhiqizo equkethe amafutha ezilwane namafutha emifino enziwe i-hydrogenated (imajarini) kufanele iqedwe.

Isimo samafutha ngosuku kumuntu omdala sibhekwa njenge-70 g, lapho kubekelwe kuphela ama-20 g (1 tbsp) engxenyeni yamafutha agcwele. I-50 g yesilinganiso esiphelele ibalwa ngamafutha angenampilo anempilo, akhona ku-oyela yemifino, amantongomane, nenhlanzi yolwandle.

Akekho obiza ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwamafutha agcwele, udinga nje ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokusetshenziswa kwawo, okungukuthi, shintshela emikhiqizeni enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwamafutha: inyama engenamafutha, ubisi olungafakwanga ubisi. Kungcono ukulahla ngokuphelele imikhiqizo eyenziwe inyama (amasoseji), umkhawulo khekhe, amaswidi.

Ukudla okungasiza cholesterol ephansi kufaka:

• utamatisi (ngezinkomishi ezi-2 zodwa zamasi utamatisi ngosuku, ungathuthukisa inkomba ye-cholesterol ngeshumi);
• izaqathe (ngosizo lwezingcezu ezi-2 ngosuku izinyanga ezimbili, i-cholesterol incishiswa ngo-15%);
• ugarlic omusha (akanakulingana ekusebenzeni kwezitsha zokuhlanza);
• uphizi (izinkomishi esisodwa nesigamu ngosuku lo mkhiqizo ophekwe ngenyanga kuzoholela ekunciphiseni kwe-LDL ngama-20%);
• amantongomane (Ama-60 g amantongomane ngosuku, kuthi ukuqoqwa kwe-LDL kuncishiswe ngo-7%, bese kuthi inani kube ngu-5%);
• izinhlanzi ezinamafutha (i-omega3 fatty acid equkethwe kuyo ikhulula imithambo yegazi ku-cholesterol eyeqile).

Ividiyo elusizo

Izimiso zokudla okunoshukela omningi kanye ne-cholesterol yegazi:

Uma kukhulunywa ngezempilo, ngobuningi bamacala kuncike kumuntu uqobo. Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu nesifo sikashukela, khona-ke lesi simo sizothuthukisa kuphela lesi sifo.

Kulokhu, sekuyisikhathi sokuzinakekela nokuxhuma kwindlela efanele yokucabanga nokuphila. Ngokubonga, uzothola iminyaka eminingi yenempilo.