Kuze kube manje, kunokuxhumana okufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi isifo sikashukela nokudangala kunakho. Ngesikhathi sokudangala, amathuba okuthi umzimba ukhubazeke kakhulu we-carbohydrate metabolism, futhi okuphambene nalokho - isifo sikashukela ezigulini eziningi senza ukwehla kwezimo zemizwa.
Le nhlanganisela yaqala ukukhulunywa emuva ngo-1684, lapho umcwaningi uWillis echaza ubudlelwane obuphakathi kwe-carbohydrate metabolism disorder nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Kwakungowe-1988 kuphela lapho kwenziwa i-hypothesis ukuthi isimo esidangele singasiza ekunciphiseni ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ku-insulin.
Izibalo ezedumazayo zibonisa ukuthi phakathi kweziguli ezitholakala zinesifo sikashukela, ama-26% alabo abahlushwa ukudangala atholakala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izwe elicindezelayo licasula ukwanda kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zenhliziyo.
Ngakho-ke, esikhathini sethu kubaluleke kakhulu ukubhekana nale nkinga, akusizi ngalutho ukuthi abantu bathi zonke izifo ziyavela ngenxa yezinzwa.
Izimpawu Zokudangala
Isimo sokudangala kwesiguli senzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi - ngokomzwelo, ngofuzo, noma ngemvelo. I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ikhombisa ukuthi ezigulini ezinengcindezelo, isithombe sobuchopho sibukeka sihluke kakhulu kunakubantu abaphilile.
Ukuthinteka kakhulu kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo yiziguli ezinhlobo lwesibili sikashukela. Uma ungenzi lutho, khona-ke lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Kodwa ukucindezelwa kanye nesifo sikashukela kuyelashwa, kuqeda okungenani i-pathology eyodwa, okwesibili futhi kuholele ekwelashweni okuphumelelayo. Lokhu okulandelayo kuyizimpawu ezijwayelekile ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokudangala:
- wehlise intshisekelo emsebenzini noma ekuzithobeni;
- ukudabuka, ukungabekezeleleki, ukukhathazeka;
- ukulala kabi;
- ukuzihlukanisa, ukungathandi ukuxhumana nabantu;
- ukulahleka noma ukuntuleka kokudla;
- ukunciphisa ukuncipha;
- ukukhathala okungapheli;
- ukuhamba kancane ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo;
- imicabango emibi njengokufa, ukuzibulala, njll.
Uma isiguli esinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus sesibonile esinye sezimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla, kudingeka sibonane nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo ukuze sitholakale isifo. Azikho izifundo ezikhethekile zokunquma ukudangala, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa lapho isiguli sitshela ngezimpawu ezisolisayo nendlela yakhe yokuphila. Kodwa-ke, ukukhathala okungapheli kungabonakala hhayi kuphela ngenxa yesimo sokucindezela.
Njengoba umthombo wamandla - ushukela ungangeni inani elidingekayo kumaseli womzimba, "balamba", ngakho-ke isiguli sizwa ukukhathala okungapheli.
Isixhumanisi phakathi kwesifo sikashukela nokudangala
Imvamisa, ukucindezelwa kwesifo sikashukela kuqhubeka ngendlela efanayo nakubantu abaphilile ngokuphelele. Esikhathini sethu, umphumela ngqo "wokugula okumnandi" ekubonakalisweni kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo awukaphenywa. Kepha imibono eminingi isikisela ukuthi:
- Ubulukhuni bezindlela zokwelapha ushukela kungaholela ekucindezelekeni. Ukuze ulondoloze izinga likashukela wegazi elijwayelekile, kuyadingeka ukwenza imizamo eminingi: ukulawula ushukela, ulondoloze umsoco ofanele, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukulandela ukwelashwa nge-insulin noma ukuthatha umuthi. Onke lamaphuzu athatha isikhathi esiningi esigulini, ngakho-ke angadala isimo sokudangala.
- Isifo sikashukela sifaka ukubonakala kwama-pathologies nezinkinga ezingaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwesimo sokucindezela.
- Futhi, ukudangala kuvame ukudala ukungakhathaleli wena. Ngenxa yalokhu, isiguli siphatha kabi impilo yaso: asilandeli ukudla, sidelela umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca, sibheme noma siphuze utshwala.
- Isimo sokudangala sithinta kabi iqoqo lokunakwa nokucabanga okusobala. Ngakho-ke, kungaba yinto yokwelashwa engaphumeleli kanye nokulawulwa kwesifo sikashukela.
Ukunqoba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwisifo sikashukela, udokotela uhlakulela uhlobo lokwelashwa olufaka izigaba ezintathu.
Ukulwa nesifo sikashukela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuzidonsela ndawonye futhi unamathele kuyo yonke imithetho ukuze ulondoloze izinga le-glucose ezingeni elijwayelekile.
Ukubonisana nodokotela wengqondo kanye nenkambo ye-psychotherapy. Uma kungenzeka, udinga ukukhuluma nochwepheshe ngezinkinga zakho bese unamathela kuzo zonke izincomo zakhe.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antidepressants.
Izidakamizwa zichazwe ngokuqinile ngudokotela ohambelayo, awukwazi ukuzibandakanya ngokwelashwa ngokwakho, ngoba ikhambi ngalinye linemiphumela ethile emibi.
Ukwelapha Okuphathelene Nezimpawu Zokuziphatha
Udokotela wengqondo angasebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene ukunqoba ukudana, kepha ingqondo ekhubazeka ngokomqondo ibhekwa njengeyithandwa kakhulu. Njengoba ngesikhathi sokudangala isiguli sibona konke okubi kuphela, sithuthukisa izindlela ezithile zokucabanga:
- "Konke noma lutho." Lolu hlobo lokucabanga luqukethe imiqondo ethile kuphela, njengokuwina noma ukulahlekelwa. Futhi, isiguli kwesinye isikhathi sisebenzisa amagama anjengokuthi "awukaze" nokuthi "njalo", "lutho" nokuthi "ngokuphelele". Isibonelo, uma isiguli sidla uhlobo oluthile lobumnandi, singacabanga ukuthi sonakalise konke, izinga lakhe likashukela lingakhuphuka, futhi ngeke likwazi ukulawula isifo sikashukela.
- Umuzwa wecala noma wokufuna ngokweqile kuwe. Isiguli sibeka izindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi izinga lakhe likashukela lizoba ngaphezu kwe-7.8 mmol / L. Uma ethola imiphumela edlula lokho abekulindele, uzozibeka icala.
- Ukulindela okuthile okubi. Isiguli esinesifo sokudangala asikwazi ukubheka impilo ngethemba, ngakho-ke silindele okubi kuphela. Isibonelo, isiguli esizobona udokotela sizocabanga ukuthi okuqukethwe yi-glycated hemoglobin sekukhulile, nombono waso usuzothusa.
Uchwepheshe uzama ukuvula amehlo esiguli ezinkingeni zakhe, futhi azibone ngendlela ephumelela kakhudlwana. Ungazama futhi ukuqeda imicabango emibi ngokwakho.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunconywa ukuthi uqaphele "ukunqoba" kwakho okuncane, uzincome ngakho futhi uhambisane nemicabango emihle.
Izidambisi Zesifo Sikashukela
Ukuze ulwe ngempumelelo nokudangala, uchwepheshe unquma ama-anticepressants ama-triceclic. Yizidakamizwa ezithinta ukwanda kwamazinga obuchopho we-serotonin ne-norepinephrine, okunomthelela ekuxhumaneni okungcono kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa nomunye.
Lapho la makhemikhali ephazamiseka, kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ama-antidepressants asiza ukubuyisela ibhalansi.
Izidakamizwa ezaziwayo zalolu hlobo yilezi:
- I-Elavil;
- I-Norpramine;
- Pamelor.
Ama-antidepressants angolunye uhlobo. Igama labo eliphelele bakhetha ama-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Le mishanguzo inemiphumela emibi emincane kakhulu kunemithi yeqembu lokuqala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- I-Lexapro
- I-Prozac
- I-Paxil;
- I-Zoloft;
Olunye uhlobo lwe-antidepressant lukhetha i-serotonin ne-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Kusukela egameni kuyacaca ukuthi izidakamizwa ezinjalo zivimbela ukufakwa okubuyisanayo kwezinto ezincibilikisiwe emanzini. Iziguli zithatha ikakhulu lawo ma-antidepressants:
- I-Effexor;
- Priestik;
- I-Duloxetine;
Kufanele wazi ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okuzimele kwalezi zidakamizwa kungadala imiphumela emibi. Ama-anticepressants e-Tricyclic angadala izimpawu ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukulahleka kombono, isiyezi kanye nekhanda, ukungezwani komzimba, ukulala kabi, ukungabekezeli, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, ukwethuka, nokwanda kwenhliziyo.
Iziguli ezithatha ama-SSRIs zingakhala ngamaphupho amabi, isicanucanu, isisu, ikhanda, isiyezi, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphazamiseka empilweni yezocansi.
Iqembu lezidakamizwa ze-SSRIs lingadala ukubonakala kwezimpawu ezinjengokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo, ukuqunjelwa, ukukhathala, isiyezi, umfutho wegazi owengeziwe, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile.
Ukugwema ukusabela okungekuhle, udokotela unquma imithamo emincane ekuqaleni kokwelashwa futhi uyenyusa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi, udinga ukufunda ngokucophelela imiyalo, ngoba ukusebenzisa kabi umuthi isiguli nakho kungadala ukusabela okungathandeki.
Izincomo zokubhekana nokudangala
Ngaphezu kokuthatha imishanguzo futhi welashwa nge-psychotherapist, kuyadingeka ukulandela imithetho embalwa elula engenza ngcono isimo somzimba nesengqondo somguli:
Okunye ukusebenza komzimba nokuphumula. Ukulala okunamaphutha kunciphisa ukuvikela komzimba, kumenza umuntu angabinaki futhi anganaki. Ngakho-ke, abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukulala okungenani amahora angama-8 ngosuku.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kokudlala imidlalo, isiguli singaba nenkinga yokulala. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukulala kahle nokuzivocavoca okusesilinganisweni kuyizinto ezingcono kakhulu zokulwa nezifo emhlabeni.
- Ungazehlukanisi nomhlaba wangaphandle. Noma kungenasifiso sokuxhumana nabantu noma ukwenza okuthile, udinga ukuzinqoba. Isibonelo, ukwenza obekulokhu ufuna ukukufunda (ukudweba, ukudansa, njll.), Hlela usuku lwakho ngokuvakashela umcimbi othokozisayo, noma okungenani uvakashele umngani noma isihlobo.
- Khumbula ukuthi isifo sikashukela akusona isigwebo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhlola ngempela isimo sakho sempilo futhi uqonde ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukunqoba ngokuphelele ukugula. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, abantu abaningi baphila nalokhu kuxilongwa, kanye nabantu abaphilile.
- Yenza uhlelo oluthile lokwelashwa kwakho. Isibonelo, isiguli sifuna ukunciphisa umzimba. Kulokhu, isifiso esisodwa asanele, isenzo siyadingeka. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke ukuthi kangaki ngesonto afuna ukudlala imidlalo, ukuthi uzovivinya umzimba muni, njll.
- Akufanele ugcine yonke into ikuwe. Ungabelana ngezinkinga zakho nomndeni noma nabathandekayo. Bazosiqonda kahle isiguli ngokungafani namuntu. Ungazijwayeza nemithetho yokwelashwa kwe-insulin noma ukusebenzisa imitha kashukela egazini. Ngakho-ke, isiguli siyozwa ukuthi asisodwa futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi singalufuna usizo oluzohlinzekwa ngalo ngokuqinisekile.
Futhi-ke, isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele siqaphe impilo yaso ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi isimo sayo sengqondo. Uma kutholakala izimpawu zezimpawu ezingakhombisa ukuthuthuka kokudangala, kufanele uthintane nodokotela.
I-prognosis yokwelashwa kwalezi zindlela ezimbili zokuziphatha inezimo eziningi ezinhle. Ngokubambisana kwesiguli ngesikhathi esifanele, udokotela ohambelayo nodokotela osezingeni eliphezulu, ungathola imiphumela emihle impela. Hhyi-ke, ukusekelwa kwabathandekayo, ukuqonda komndeni nokwangaphakathi kwenkinga nakho kuzoba nomthelela endleleni esheshayo yokuphuma esifundazweni esidabukisayo.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kokudangala kanye nesifo sikashukela buchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
