Isifo sikashukela se-Renal yisifo esidalwa ukungcola okungasebenzi kahle nokusebenza okucashile kwezinso.
Lokhu kuholela ekubonakaleni ushukela kumchamo, ushintsho esilinganisweni sikasawoti wamanzi kanye nokukhula kokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba.
Ngabe yini inqubo yokuqalwa kwesifo, kungani lokhu kwenzeka?
Izimbangela zesifo sikashukela seRenal
Kunezindlela eziningi zesifo sikashukela sezinso:
- USaline - kwenzeka ngenxa yokulahleka kwe-renal tubules of susceptibility to aldosterone - i-hormone elenziswe yizindlala ze-adrenal. Ngenxa yalokhu, inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwe-sodium iyaphazamiseka, futhi idonswa emzimbeni ngokweqile ngomchamo.
- I-Glucosuria (ushukela) - uba nokukhubazeka kwe-renal function futhi kunqunywa ngokuvela kwegluciste emchameni, ngokubhekisele emuva kwezinkomba ezamukelekayo zoshukela wegazi.
- I-Nephrogenic non-ushukela - kulokhu, ukuzwela kwe-renal glomeruli ku-hormone okutholwe i-pituitary gland kuyancipha. Ngalesi sifo, kukhishwa umthamo owengeziwe womchamo ohlanganiswe kancane.
Izici ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sikasawoti yilezi:
- ukulimala ekhanda;
- isifo semithambo;
- isakhi sofuzo;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- i-autoimmune pathologies;
- amathumbu obuchopho be-oncological;
- i-pathology ye-pituitary gland kanye ne-hypothalamus.
I-mellitus yesifo sikashukela se-Renal ingaba yinto yokuzalwa (eyinhloko) noma yokuthuthuka ngenxa ye-pathologies engapheli yezinhlungu (yesibili).
Imvamisa, i-glucosuria itholakala kwabesifazane abakhulelwe futhi ingaba yi-pathological and ngokomzimba.
I-glucosuria ye-pathological yenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- ukonakala kwesibeletho noma isisindo salo esikhulu;
- isici sefa
- ubuthi obunzima;
- i-pancreatitis eyingozi;
- ukukhulelwa ngemuva kweminyaka engama-35.
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuphila kwalesi sifo ziba nezinto ezinjalo:
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal;
- izinga lokuhlungwa kwegazi eliphakeme ezinso futhi kwande ukuphuma kwegazi;
- Ukwehla kokuqina kokuqanjwa kwamaseli.
Uma kutholakele i-glucose emchameni, ucwaningo luyaphindwa, ngoba inkomba enjalo ayibonisi njalo ukukhula kwenqubo ye-pathological ezinso.
Ushukela kumchamo ungavela ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka kwamaswidi ngaphambi kosuku lokuhlolwa noma ngemuva kokusebenza ngokweqile komzimba.
Ngokuvamile ezimweni ezinjalo, emiphumeleni ye-reanalysis, zonke izinkomba zibuyela kokujwayelekile. Uma i-glucose iphinde yatholakala kumchamo, kunqunywa ukuhlolwa okuphelele.
Izimpawu eziphambili
Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-glucosuria zivame ukungazwakali kakhulu futhi ukunakwa kungakhokhelwa kuphela ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho inani elikhulu le-glucose elahlekile ngumzimba.
Kube sekuvela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- umuzwa wendlala engapheli;
- ukuhlaselwa kwesiyezi;
- ukukhubazeka kwengqondo;
- ubuthakathaka obukhulayo.
Uma owesifazane okhulelwe ngezikhathi ezithile ethola ushukela kumchamo wakhe, lapho-ke, lapho enxenxa ukulahleka kwe-glucose, lokhu akuyona ingozi ekukhulelweni okuqhubekayo nokukhula kwengane. Kodwa uma i-glucosuria itholakala isikhathi eside futhi njalo, khona-ke lokhu kuyinkomba mayelana nokuvela kwesifo sikashukela sokuthambisa umzimba.
Ividiyo yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe:
I-insulinidi yesifo sikashukela yeNephrogenic ibonakala ngokuboniswa okunjalo:
- umthamo owengeziwe womchamo osuswe ngosuku, ngokuya ngobunzima balesi sifo, kusuka kumalitha ama-2 kuya kwangama-20 omchamo ungadedelwa;
- ukoma okungagculisi;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala nobuthakathaka;
- ukungahambi kahle;
- ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine;
- ukunciphisa umzimba okungacaciswanga;
- umkhuhlane;
- isikhumba esomile;
- ukuncipha kwenani lamathesa atholakele.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sesifo sikashukela i-insipidus, amadoda angathola ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile, futhi kwabesifazane umjikelezo wanyanga zonke uphazamiseka. Ezinganeni, lokhu kudalwa kwengqondo kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokulahleka kwezakhi zomzimba kanye nomzimba, iziguli ezincane zisalela emuva ekuthuthukisweni, futhi ukuthomba kuyabambezeleka ebusheni.
Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ukulimala kwezinso kuyanda: i-revis pelvis iyanda, nosayizi we-ureters kanye nesishintsho sesinye. Izitho ezikhulisiwe zigcobisa isisu, okudala ukuthi kube nokuphuma kwawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindonga zamathumbu ziyacasuka, izindunduma ze-bile zilimele nenhliziyo iphazamisekile.
Isifo sikashukela se-renal sizibonakalisa kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukunciphisa umzimba;
- ukuqunjelwa njalo;
- ukulahleka kwesifiso
- izikhathi zokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo kuphenduka ukuhlanza;
- ukuchama kaningi ngokukhishwa komthamo owengeziwe womchamo.
Isimpawu sikashukela sikasawoti yizinga le-sodium kumchamo, lidlula inani elivumelekile izikhathi ezingaphezu kwe-15.
Ingozi enkulu yesifo sikashukela sezinso ukukhuluphala okubalulekile, okuthi, uma kungalashwa, kungadala ukufa.
Izindlela zokuxilonga nezokwelashwa
Izindlela zokuxilonga, zingasetshenziswa izifundo ezenziwa elebhu kanye nezinsimbi:
- Ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile komchamo - ngokuba khona komchamo, ngokuba khona kwe-glucose kanye nemizimba ye-ketone;
- i-biochemistry yegazi - ezingeni le-potassium, i-sodium, ushukela, i-urea ne-creatinine;
- ukuhlolwa komchamo ngokumelene nokuphelelwa ngamandla;
- ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwezinso - ungabona izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezinso nasezilinganisweni ngosayizi we-pelvis, ureters kanye nesinye;
- imaging magnetic resonance of the brain;
- ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, kwenziwa i-biopsy yezinso.
Ukuhlolwa komchamo kokuqukethwe ushukela kwenziwa engxenyeni yomchamo othathwe umthamo ophelele womchamo oqoqwe ngosuku.
Uma, ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo, ukubonwa kwe-glucose kumchamo ongaphezu kwe-2 g kubonwa futhi kushintsha ukwakheka kwesimo sezinso, khona-ke kutholakala isifo sikashukela sezinso.
Isifo sikashukela se-renal siqinisekiswa uma kutholakala ukuntuleka kwe-sodium emzimbeni kanye ne-electrolyte eyeqile kumchamo
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa ngokubhekene nesizinda sokuphelelwa ngamandla, okungukuthi uma kukhona ukwehla kwesisindo sesiguli ngo-5% onezimpawu zomchamo ezingashintshiwe, ukutholakala komzimba omncane kanye nokuxinana komchamo, i-nephrogenic isifo sikashukela sitholakala.
Ukwelashwa kumiselwe ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-pathology. Ngo-ushukela kasawoti, isigaba sokuqala sokwelashwa ukubuyiselwa kwama-elektroliti alahlekile kanye nokuvinjwa kokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Ukuze lokhu, isiguli sinikezwa ukumfaka kovimba kwe-saline.
Isengezo esibalulekile sizoba ukudla okuvinjelwe ukufunwa kwamaprotheni kanye nokudla okungenamsoco kwamafutha nama-carbohydrate.
Ukudla kwezitshalo okuningana, amajusi, ama-compote namanzi ahlanzekile kungeniswa ekudleni. Ukudla okufana nosawoti, ikhofi, ushukela notshwala akunakwa.
Uhlobo olungesoshukela lesifo sikashukela luphathwa nge-diuretics nezidakamizwa ezingezona ze-antiidal (i-Indomethacin, Ibuprofen).
Izidakamizwa zeHormonal (Minirin, Desmopressin) nazo zingabekwa. Uma lesi sifo sidalwa ukuba khona kwesimila ku-hypothalamus, khona-ke umbuzo wokuthi kungenzeka ungenelele ngokuhlinzwa uyaqunywa.
I-mellitus yesifo sikashukela se-renal ayidingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Isiguli sinqunywe ukumfaka kangaphakathi kwezixazululo ze-saline ukuvikela ukuphuma komzimba, ukudla ngokudla okulinganiselwe kweshukela nokubheka njalo amazinga eglucose.
Izinkinga zesifo
Isifo sikashukela se-renal ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kuholela emiphumeleni emibi. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-sodium emzimbeni, uhlelo lwezinhliziyo luyathinteka, olubangela ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ubuchopho bunenkinga yokuphelelwa umoya-mpilo, okuholela ekuholeni komqondo.
I-Glucosuria icasule isifo sezinso:
- I-Pyelonephritis yisifo sezinso esivuthayo esibangelwa amagciwane. Lesi sifo sihambisana nomkhuhlane nokuchama kaningi.
- I-Nephropathy yisifo esiyingozi esenzeka ngenxa yokwephulwa kokuhlinzekwa kwegazi. Kubonakala ngokuba khona kwamaprotheni kumchamo nokwanda komfutho wegazi. Uma ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kwe-nephropathy kungenziwa, khona-ke ukwehluleka okungamahlalakhona kwezinso kungakhula.
Ukuya kudokotela ngokushesha nje emva kwezimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo futhi ubheke zonke izincomo zomtholampilo, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokuhambisana nokudla nokugwema imilutha eyingozi, kuzomisa i-pathology ekuqaleni kwentuthuko futhi kuvimbele ukuvela kwezinkinga, ezikhulisa kakhulu amathuba esifo esivumayo.
Ividiyo emayelana nesifo sikashukela:
Uma ukwehluleka kwezinso sekutholakele kakade, khona-ke le nqubo ayinakuphikwa futhi umphumela omuhle ungalindeleka kuphela esimukweni sezinso esifayo.
