Izidakamizwa uLantus noLevemir banezinto eziningi ezijwayelekile futhi bayindlela yokuthathwa kwe-basal insulin. Isenzo sabo siphikelela isikhathi eside emzimbeni womuntu, ngaleyondlela kulingisa ukukhishwa okungapheli kwasemuva kwe-hormone ngamanyikwe.
Le mishanguzo yenzelwe ukwelashwa kwabantu abadala nezingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-6 ehlushwa yisifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin.
Ukukhuluma ngezinzuzo zomuthi owodwa ngaphezu kwesinye kunzima impela. Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi yazo enezakhiwo ezisebenza kakhudlwana, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele imininingwane ngayinye ngokuningiliziwe.
I-Lantus
ILantus iqukethe i-insulin glargine, okuyi-analogue ye-hormone yomuntu. Ine-solubility ephansi endaweni engathathi hlangothi. Umuthi uqobo ngokwawo ungukujova kwe-insulin.
Umuthi uLantus SoloStar
Ukwakheka
I-millilita eyodwa yomjovo weLantus uqukethe ama-3.6378 mg we-insulin glargine (100 Units) nezinye izinto ezengeziwe. I-cartridge eyodwa (3 milliliters) iqukethe amayunithi angama-300. i-insulin glargine nezinye izinto ezengeziwe.
Imithamo nokuphatha
Lo muthi wenzelwe kuphela ukuphatha okungaqondakaliyo; enye indlela ingaholela ku-hypoglycemia enzima.
Iqukethe i-insulin ngesenzo eside. Umuthi kufanele uphathwe kanye ngosuku ngasikhathi sinye sosuku.
Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kanye nakho konke ukwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukulonda indlela yokuphila enconyelwe udokotela futhi wenze imijovo edlekeni kuphela.
Umthamo, isikhathi sokwelashwa nesikhathi sokuphathwa komuthi kukhethwe ngawodwa esigulini ngasinye. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ukusetshenziswa kuhlangene nezinye izidakamizwa akunconyelwanga, kepha ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ukwelashwa ngama-antidiabetesic agents kungabekwa.
Ezinye iziguli zingathola ukwehla kwezidingo ze-insulin:
- iziguli esezikhulile. Kulesi sigaba sabantu, ukuphazamiseka kwezinso okuthuthukayo kuvame kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona ukwehla njalo kwesidingo se-hormone;
- iziguli ezingasebenzi kahle izinso;
- iziguli ezingasebenzi kahle isibindi. Lesi sigaba sabantu singaba nesidingo esinciphile ngenxa yokwehla kwe-gluconeogeneis kanye nokwehla kwe-insulin metabolism.
Imiphumela emibi
Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa i-Lantus, iziguli zingathola imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene, okuyinhloko okuyi-hypoglycemia.
Kodwa-ke, i-hypoglycemia akuyona ukuphela okungenzeka, ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kuyenzeka futhi:
- kwehlise i-acuity ebonakalayo;
- lipohypertrophy;
- dysgeusia;
- i-lipoatrophy;
- i-retinopathy
- i-urticaria;
- i-bronchospasm;
- i-myalgia;
- ukwethuka kwe-anaphylactic;
- ukugcinwa kwe-sodium emzimbeni;
- I-edema kaQuincke;
- i-hyperemia esakhiweni somjovo.
Contraindication
Ukuvikela imiphumela emibi emzimbeni, kunemithetho eminingana evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kweziguli:
- okukhona ukungabekezelelani kwengxenye esebenzayo, noma izinto ezisizayo ezisezixazululweni;
- uhlushwa i-hypoglycemia;
- izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha;
- lesi sidakamizwa asinqunyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela.
Umuthi usetshenziswa ngokuqapha:
- ngokunciphisa imithambo ye-coronary;
- ngokunciphisa imithambo yamakhemikhali;
- nge-retinopathy ekhulayo;
- iziguli ezakha i-hypoglycemia ngendlela engabonakali esigulini;
- nge-autonomic neuropathy;
- nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- iziguli esezikhulile;
- nenkambo ende yesifo sikashukela;
- iziguli ezisengozini yokuba ne-hypoglycemia enzima;
- iziguli ezinokuzwela okwengeziwe kwe-insulin;
- iziguli ezitholwa ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba;
- lapho uphuza utshwala.
I-Levemir
Umuthi yi-analogue ye-insulin yomuntu, inomphumela ohlala njalo. Isetshenziselwa i-insulin ethembele ku-insulin.
Umuthi u-Levemir
Ukwakheka
Okuqukethwe kwe-insulin kumamililitha owodwa wokujova kuyafana neLantus. Izingxenye ezingeziwe yilezi: phenol, zinc acetate, amanzi d / kanye, metacresol, sodium hydroxide, disodium phosphate dihydrate, hydrochloric acid.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa nedosi
Umthamo we-Levemir unqunywe ngokuhlukile. Imvamisa kuthathwa kusukela kwesinye kuya kwababili ngosuku, kucatshangelwa izidingo zesiguli.
Endabeni yokusebenzisa umuthi kabili ngosuku, umjovo wokuqala kufanele uphathwe ekuseni, bese olandelayo ngemuva kwamahora ayi-12.
Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy, kuyadingeka ukuthi uguqule njalo indawo yomjovo ngaphakathi esifundeni se-anatomical. Umuthi ufakelwa ujikeleke ethangeni.
Imiphumela emibi
Ngesikhathi sokuphatha umuthi i-Levemir, imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene ingabonakala, futhi okuvame kakhulu kuyo yi-hypoglycemia.
Ngaphezu kwe-hypoglycemia, imiphumela enjalo ingavela:
- I-carbohydrate metabolism disorder: imizwa engenakulibaleka yokukhathazeka, ukujuluka okubandayo, ukukhathala okungatheni, ukukhubazeka okujwayelekile, ukudideka esikhaleni, ukuncipha kokunakwa, indlala engapheli, i-hypoglycemia enkulu, isicanucanu, ikhanda, ukuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuqina kwesikhumba, ukungasebenzi kwengqondo okungaphenduki, ukufa;
- umsebenzi ongaboni kahle;
- ukwephulwa endaweni yomjovo: hypersensitivity (redness, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala);
- ukungezwani komzimba: ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, i-urticaria, pruritus, angioedema, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuncipha kwegazi, i-tachycardia;
- i-peripheral neuropathy.
Contraindication
Umuthi uphulwe ukuze usetshenziswe:
- nokuzwela okwengeziwe kwezingxenye zomuthi;
- izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha.
Ngokuqapha ngokweqile:
- ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, owesifazane kufanele abe ngaphansi kokuqashwa odokotela futhi njalo aqaphe izinga le-glucose ku-plasma yegazi;
- ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa, kungadingeka ulungise umthamo womuthi futhi ushintshe indlela odla ngayo.
Ukweqisa
Okwamanje, umthamo we-insulin awuzange unqunywe, okungaholela ekwandisweni komuthi. Kodwa-ke, i-hypoglycemia ingakhula kancane kancane. Lokhu kwenzeka uma sekwethulwe inani elikhulu ngokwanele.
Ukuze ululame kusuka kuhlobo oluthambile lwe-hypoglycemia, isiguli kufanele siphuze ushukela, ushukela noma imikhiqizo enokudla ye-carbohydrate ngaphakathi.
Kungenxa yale njongo ukuthi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela ziyalulekwe ukuba ziphathe ukudla okuqukethe ushukela nazo. Uma kwenzeka kuba ne-hypoglycemia enzima, lapho isiguli singazi lutho, kudingeka afake umjovo we-glucose we-intravenous solution, futhi usuka ku-0,5 uye ku-1 milligram we-glucagon intramuscularly.
Uma le ndlela ingasizi, futhi ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-10-15 isiguli singabuyelwa yingqondo, kufanele sifake ushukela egazini emzimbeni. Ngemuva kokuthi isiguli sibuyele engqondweni, kudingeka ukuthi iphathe ukudla okune-carbohydrate. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Ukuqhathanisa amalungiselelo uLantus, Levemir, Tresiba noProtafan, kanye nokubalwa kwemithamo efanelekile yokujova kwasekuseni nakusihlwa:
Umehluko phakathi kweLantus neLevemir mncane, futhi uqukethe umehluko othile emiphumeleni emibi, indlela yokuphatha kanye ne-contraindication. Ngokuya ngokusebenza kahle, akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi yisiphi isidakamizwa esizedlula zonke isiguli esithile, ngoba ukwakheka kwaso kucishe kufane. Kepha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi iLantus ishibhile ngezindleko kuneLevemir.
