Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esivamile futhi ngasikhathi sinye siyingozi. Okwamanje, azikho izindlela ezingasilungisa ngokuphelele isimo seziguli.
Kepha, ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela ezisebenzayo ezivumela umuntu ukuba aphile ngokugcwele futhi asebenze.
Le pathology ezimweni eziningi ibonakala ngenani elinganele le-insulin emzimbeni - i-hormone elawula inani le-glucose egazini.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuphazamiseka okuningi kwe-metabolic kwenzeka emzimbeni. Isifo sikashukela i-insipidus yisifo okungenzeka ngaso ukuthi indoda, umfazi, umuntu omdala, nengane bagule.
Izinhlobo zesifo
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus, ezihlukile komunye nomunye kwizimbangela nasekubonakalisweni.
Isifo sikashukela esimaphakathi sithathwa njengososhukela. Ngakho-ke, ezincwadini ezichazayo, ungathola igama elithi ND noma i-DI (i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela).
Ukwahluka kwalolu hlobo lwe-pathology ukuthi ngalo kukhona ukwephulwa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-vasopressin komzimba. Lokhu-ke, kudala ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ezinso nasebeleni. Ikakhulu, eyokuqala iqala ukubhekana nokubi ngokubuyiselwa kwamanzi, futhi eyokugcina ilahlekelwa yikhono lokugxilisa umchamo ngokujwayelekile.
I-CND iyindlela yokusebenza engavamile kakhulu. Izibalo zithi munye kuphela kubantu abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi onalesi sifo. Ngokusho kweminye imininingwane, itholakala kuwo wonke amashumi amane kuphela. Ukuqhathanisa: okungenani abantu abangama-50 banesifo sikashukela (ngokusho kweminye imithombo, abantu abangama-5%). Olunye uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela i-idiopathic.
Kubekwa lapho udokotela engakwazi ukuthola ngokunembile imbangela ye-pathology.
Lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela lubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo 1 sikashukela. Futhi uhlobo lwesithathu yi-nephrogenic, nayo engabizwa ngokuthi yi-renal. Ukhula ngenxa yokuthi ama-tubules womchamo aqala ukuphendula kabi ku-vasopressin.
Lokhu kuphumela ekumbeni kweningi lomchamo omkhulu ngokweqile elingakaxhunywanga kahle.
I-Etiology ne-pathogenesis
Isithombe esijwayelekile sokuqala kwesifo sikashukela asikenziwa. Okuwukuphela kweqiniso okufakazelwe ngokwesayensi okwamukelwa yiningi lomphakathi wezokwelapha ukubekelwa phambili kwezakhi zofuzo. Bafika kumbono ohambisanayo eminyakeni engaphezu kwe-100 eyedlule, futhi phakathi naleso sikhathi kwafakazelwa ngokuthembekile.
Isibonakaliso salesi sifo, sikhona, sibanzi. I-DM inganqunywa kusengaphambili ngochungechunge olulandelayo lwezimpawu:
- ukukhipha ukuphuma komchamo;
- iminjunju yomile nokuhluleka kokukwanelisa;
- ukuqala okubukhali kwendlala ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo;
- ukunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha.
Izimpawu ezisohlwini zibukeka kakhulu ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Ukuhlaziya kwabo, kukhombisa izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-acetone. Kukhona nezimpawu ezitholakala kuzo zonke iziguli.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- umbono omfiphele;
- umlomo owomile
- ukwenzeka kokulunywa ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba;
- ikhanda.
Imiphumela emibi kanye nezinkinga ezinesifo sikashukela
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zingawela ku-hypoglycemic, lactic acidotic noma hyperosmolar coma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga eziningi zesikhumba ziqala ukuvela ezigulini eziningi ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-15-20 (ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni zezinyawo). Lokhu kungenxa yokufa kokuphela kwezinzwa.
Ubani osengozini?
Uhlobo lokuqala lwalesi sifo luhlasela labo abahlobene kakhulu nabantu abanesifo sikashukela.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isifo sikashukela yisifo esinqunywe ngofuzo, okungukuthi, isifo esizuzwe njengefa.
Kunobufakazi futhi bokuthi i-pathology iba khona kulabo ababazali babo (kufaka phakathi ogogo nomkhulu) ababengenaso isifo sikashukela.
Kulokhu, isifo sikashukela sidalwa ukuphazamiseka okuvela e-pancreas, ngokwesibonelo, ngenxa yokuvuvukala.
Uhlobo lwesibili, nalo lungenzeka kubantu:
- eneminyaka engama-40;
- ngamafutha amaningi omzimba;
- ukuzala ingane enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-4100 amagremu (kwabesifazane kuphela);
- ngokuba khona kwe-pathological vascular serious.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga
Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kwesifo sikashukela kwenziwa ngesisekelo sezikhalazo zeziguli. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi - kuyadingeka ukuthi ushukela ophakeme ngokwanele ube khona.
Izinhlobo zokwelashwa
Okwamanje akunakwenzeka ukwelapha isiguli esinesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa okuhlose ukumisa izimpawu kuyenziwa.
Ukwelapha, njengomthetho, kunikeza izindlela okuhloswe ngazo:
- ukululama kwe-metabolic;
- ukuncishiswa kwamathuba wezinkinga;
- ukukhuphuka / ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba.
Futhi, isiguli sifundiswa izindlela zokwelashwa. Ikakhulu, uhlala enqunyelwe ukuthi aphuze umuthi ngesikhathi futhi aqikelele ukuthi udla kanjani.
Ukuvimbela ukuvimbela ukwephulwa
Isiguli kufanele sibheke izindlela ezimbalwa ezizonciphisa amathuba okuba isimo sakhe sibe sibi kakhulu. Ikakhulu, welulekwa ukuthi aqaphe umfutho wegazi futhi asebenzise izidakamizwa ze-statin.
Isimo sezulu
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela ebheka yonke imiyalo kadokotela, unethuba eliphezulu lempilo ende kanye nomthamo ogcwele wokusebenza. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga kunciphisa, futhi kaningi - kuyeka ngokuphelele.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezimbangela, izimpawu, ukwelashwa kanye nemiphumela yesifo sikashukela kuvidiyo:
Isifo sikashukela yisimo esibi kakhulu somzimba. Umuntu ophethwe yiwo kumele enze yonke into ebekwa udokotela. Kufanele futhi afune usizo olufanele uma enezinkinga zempilo.
