I-GLUCOPHAGE YOKUNCIPHISA ISISINDO: UNGAYITHATHA KANJANI NGOKUFANELE UHLOBO 2 SIKASHUKELA NOKUKHULUPHALA

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IGlucophage isidakamizwa se-hypoglycemic, kubandakanya i-metformin, isakhi esinomphumela we-antidiabetesic.

Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa iqeda i-hyperglycemia ngaphandle kokwehla kwezinga likashukela wegazi. Akuvusi ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kanye nesimo se-hypoglycemic kubantu abaphilile.

Kuthuthukisa ukwanda kwe-receptor ku-peptide hormone futhi kusheshisa ukucutshungulwa kwama-carbohydrate alula. Yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kweshukela ngokunciphisa ijubane lokudla kanye nokwephuka kwe-glycogen. Ivimbela ukumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate alula ngohlelo lokugaya ukudla.

I-Metformin isebenzisa i-glycogeneis, inyusa umthamo wokuhamba wamaprotheni kashukela, ikhwalithi ye-lipid metabolism. Njengomphumela wokuthatha i-Glucofage, isisindo sesiguli siyancipha kancane kancane. Ucwaningo luqinisekisile izakhiwo ze-prophylactic antidiabetesic ze-Glucophage kubantu ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kwe-glucose yegazi kanye nezici ezihambisana nengozi.

Lesi sidakamizwa sikhonjiswa kulezi ziguli, esezishintshe indlela yokuphila yazo ejwayelekile, esingakafiki esimweni sazo se-glycemic ejwayelekile. Ungayithatha kanjani i-Glucofage ukugwema ukweqisa kanye nemiphumela emibi ingatholakala kulwazi olunikezwe ngezansi.

Izindlela zokwakheka nomthamo

Ingxenye esebenzayo yomuthi iqukethe i-metformin hydrochloride, isisindo esincane se-polyvinylpyrrolidone, i-magnesium stearate.

Izibhebhe ze-Glucophage

Amaround, ama-biconvex amacwecwe amhlophe ka-500 no-850 mg ahlanganiswe nefilimu ye-hypromellose. Isisindo esimhlophe esingenangqondo sikhona esigabeni sesiphambano.

I-Oval, amaphilisi amhlophe we-1000 mg ama-convex ezinhlangothini zombili anefilimu ye-opadra, umugqa ohlukanisayo nombhalo "1000".

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa

Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa ithuthukisa i-metabolism yamafutha, isiza ukuqeda i-lipoprotein ye-atherogenic ne-cholesterol.

Izinkomba eziphambili zokusebenzisa umuthi yilezi ezilandelayo:

isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin esinciphisa ukukhuluphala nangaphandle komphumela wokusetshenziswa kokudla kokudla noma umsebenzi womzimba;
ezigulini zabantu abadala nezingane ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ubudala njengezindlela zokwelapha ezizimele zohlobo 2 sikashukela noma ngokuhambisana nezinye izidakamizwa ezokwehlisa ushukela;
ukuvikela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ezimweni ezihambelana nomngcele.

Contraindication

Njengawo wonke umuthi wemvelaphi yamakhemikhali, i-glucophage inezilinganiso eziningi.

Ukuthatha umuthi akuvunyelwe kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

hypersensitivity ku-metformin, izinto ezingeziwe zomuthi;
isimo se-hyperglycemia, i-ketoanemia, i-precoma, i-coma;
functional renal pathology syndrome;
ushintsho kubhalansi kasawoti wamanzi;
izilonda ezinzima ezithathelwanayo;
ukwehluleka okubukhali kwezindlela zokulawulwa kwezinqubo zokuphila;
ukwephulwa kokushintshwa kwegesi emaphashini;
ukungasebenzi kwe-myocardial dysfunction ngokugeleza kwegazi okungazinzi;
i-acute ischemic necrosis;
ukusebenza okuningi nokulimala okudinga ukwelashwa kwe-insulin;
ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwesibindi;
umlutha ongapheli wotshwala, i-ethanol ubuthi;
ukukhulelwa
ukukhuphuka kwegazi lactate;
ukudlulela kwe-scintigraphy noma i-radiography ngokwethulwa kwesidakamizwa esihlukile esiqukethe iodine;
ukuhambisana nokudla okuphansi kwekhalori.

I-Glucophage isetshenziswa ngokucophelela kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

umsebenzi osindayo womzimba esemdala, okungadala ukwakheka kwe-lactic acidosis;
umsebenzi wezinso ongonakalisiwe;
inkathi yokuqunjelwa.

Umthamo kanye nethamo regimen yesifo sikashukela

IGlucophage ihanjiswa ngomlomo.

Lapho usungaphakathi kwendlela yokugaya ukudla, i-metformin igxilwe ngokuphelele.

I-bioavailability eyi-Absolute ifinyelela kuma-60%. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-plasma ephezulu kakhulu kugcinwa ngemuva kwamahora angama-2,5 ngemuva kwesicelo.

Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kokudla kubambezela ukumuncwa kwento esebenzayo. I-Metformin isheshe igcwalise izicubu ngaphandle kokuhlangana kwamaprotheni.

Umkhiqizo we-hypoglycemic uthola i-metabolism ebuthakathaka. Kukhululwa ngenxa yokuhlunga okucwazimulayo kwezinso nokugcinwa kwesiteshi okusebenzayo. Ukuqedwa kwesigamu sempilo kungamahora ayi-6.5. Ama-pathologies wezinso akhulisa isikhathi sokuphumula, adale ubungozi bokuqongelelwa kwento yamakhemikhali.

Umuthi usetshenziswa nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kwekhefu.Kwabadala, inani lokuqala losuku lezinto - 500 noma 850 mg lihlukaniswe ukusetshenziswa kwe-2 noma i-3. Kudliwa ngokudla noma emva kwayo. Njalo emavikini ama-2, kugxilwa ushukela wegazi kubhekwa. Ngokuya ngezinkomba ezitholakele, kuyenziwa ukulungiswa.

Ukwanda kancane kancane komthamo kuvimbela imiphumela emibi yohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Inani eliphathwa ngokuhlelekile losuku lomuthi liyi-1500-2000 mg. Umthamo ovumelekile ngu-3000 mg. Ihlukaniswe ngezindlela ezintathu.

Ezigulini ezisebenzisa i-metformin ngenani lama-2000-3000 mg ngosuku, kungakuhle ukushintshela kumathebulethi ayi-1000 mg. IVolumu yansuku zonke ihlukaniswe ukusetshenziswa kwe-3.

Inhlanganisela yomuthi ne-insulin isiza ukulawula ushukela wegazi. Inani lokuqala lomuthi liyi-850 mg. Ihlukaniswe ukusetshenziswa kwe-2-3. Umthamo we-peptide hormone ukhethwa ngokuya ngoshukela wegazi.

Ngokufakwa esikhundleni okuhleliwe kwanoma yimuphi umenzeli we-hypoglycemic nge-Glucofage, ukwelashwa kwangaphambilini kuyamiswa.

IGlucophage ibekelwe izingane ezingaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-10. Ukusetshenziswa ngokufana kwe-insulin kuvunyelwe. Umthamo wokuqala wansuku zonke ngu-500 noma 850 mg. Thatha isikhathi esingu-1 ngosuku ngokudla noma ngemuva kokudla. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, kulungiswa ukwelashwa. Isamba esiphezulu sansuku zonke - i-2000 mg ihlukaniswe ngemithamo engama-2-3.

Imiphumela emibi

Kwesinye isikhathi i-glucophage ibangela ukusabela okungathandeki komzimba. Izimo ezingezinhle ezilandelayo ziyenzeka:

i-lactic acidosis;
ukumuncwa okunganele kwe-vithamini B 12;
ukuntuleka kwemizwa yokunambitheka yemvelo;
usizi esiswini, ukugabha, ukunyakaza kwamathumbu njalo, ubuhlungu besisu;
ushintsho emikhakheni yokusebenza kwesibindi, i-hepatitis.

Ucwaningo eqenjini leminyaka yezingane kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kweyi-16 likuqinisekisile ubukhona bemiphumela emibi efana nemiphumela emibi ezigulini zabantu abadala.

Ukweqisa

Ukweqiwa okubalulekile kwemithamo ephezulu noma izimo ezihambisanayo kuholela ekukhuleni kwe-lactate. Ukuvela kwezimpawu zokukhuphuka kwe-lactic acid kudinga ukwelashwa kokumiswa, ukulaliswa esibhedlela okuphuthumayo ngenqubo yokuhlanza igazi kanye nokwelashwa okubonakalayo.

Ukusebenzisana notshwala

Ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye kwe-ejenti ye-antidiabetesic kanye ne-ethanol akunconywa.

Ukudakwa kotshwala kudala i-lactic acidosis kulezi zimo ezilandelanayo ezilandelayo:

Ukudla okunganele
umsoco ophansi wekhalori;
ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwesibindi.

Vikela ukusetshenziswa kwemithi kufaka phakathi i-ethyl alcohol.

Ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa

Ukuntuleka komphumela wokwelashwa kwe-antidiabetic ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuba yimbangela yokuphazamiseka kokuzalwa kwengane nokufa esikhathini se-perinatal.

Idatha yokwanda kwamathuba okushoda kwezinsana ngenkathi abesifazane abakhulelwe bethatha iGlucofage ayikatholakali.

Uma kutholakala iqiniso lokukhulelwa noma uma kwenzeka kuhlelwa ukukhulelwa, umuthi uyakhanselwa. I-Metformin idlulela kubisi lwebele.

Imiphumela emibi yesidakamizwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa ayikhonjwanga, kepha inani elilinganiselwe lemininingwane libonisa ukusetshenziswa okungafuneki komkhiqizo we-hypoglycemic ngalesi sikhathi.

Ukusebenzelana kwezidakamizwa

Inhlanganisela eyingozi ukusetshenziswa kwe-metformin enezakhi ze-radiopaque eziqukethe iodine. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-renal pathology, isifundo esinjalo sinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-lactic acidosis.

Ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi kukhanselwa ezinsukwini ezimbili ngaphambi kocwaningo. Qalisa kabusha ngemuva kwamahora angama-48 ngaphansi kokusebenza okujwayelekile kwezinso.

Ukuhlanganiswa kweGlucophage nezidakamizwa ezisohlwini olungezansi kuboniswa kanjena:

UDanazole ucasule umphumela we-hyperglycemic we-metformin;
I-Chlorpromazine ngamanani amakhulu ikhulisa ukwakheka kwenani lama-carbohydrate alula, kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-peptide hormone;
ama-analogues ama-endo ngokwemvelo anda ama-glucose, abangela ukuwohloka kwamafutha agcinwe;
I-diuretics ivusa i-lactic acidosis lapho kukhona ukwehluleka ukusebenza kwe-renal;
imijovo ye-beta2-adrenergic agonists ikhulisa ukugcwala kweglucose yegazi;
izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive, ngaphandle kwe-ACE blockers, zinciphisa ukwakheka kwe-glucose
ukusetshenziswa kanyekanye komuthi nge-sulfonylurea derivatives, ama-peptide amahomoni, i-alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, ama-salicylates akhuthaza i-hypoglycemia;
I-Nifedipine ithuthukisa inqubo yamakhemikhali yokufaka into esebenzayo;
ama-cationic antibacterial agents ancintisana ne-metformin yezinhlelo zokuhambisa amaseli, andisa ukwakheka kobuningi bawo.

Ukusetshenziswa okufanayo kwalezi zidakamizwa nge-Glucofage kudinga ukuqapha okuqinile koshukela wegazi. Uma kunesidingo, ukwelashwa kuyalungiswa.

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