Ukukhulelwa nokubeletha kuyizinqubo zemvelo ezijwayelekile. Kubo bonke abantu besifazane, hhayi bona kuphela, lesi isikhathi esilindelwe kakhulu nesifiswa kakhulu empilweni.
Kwabanye, lo mcimbi ujabule ngokuzumayo, futhi kwabanye kuhlelwe ngokucophelela isikhathi eside sokulungiselela.
Ezimweni zanamuhla, abesifazane abaningi bahlushwa izifo ezingalapheki ezahlukahlukene, ngakho-ke bavame ukubuza lo mbuzo: bangakhulelwa futhi babelethe? Kulesi sihloko sizodingida le nkinga: kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe ngohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela?
Isinqumo nezincomo zodokotela
Lesi sifo esinjani? Kubizwa nangokuthi "isifo esimnandi" - lokhu kungukungakwazi kwepancreas ukukhiqiza noma ukusebenzisa i-insulin ye-hormone ngenhloso yayo ebekiwe.
Le hormone kufanele icubungule futhi isebenzise ushukela owenziwe egazini ngemuva kokuwohloka kokudla okwenziwe nge-carbohydrate okudliwa ngabantu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesifo sikashukela: 1 no 2. Ngakho-ke, ngokwemvelo kwabesifazane abahlaselwa yilesi sifo, kuphakama umbuzo: kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhulelwe ushukela wegazi ophakeme?
Amanyikwe akhiqiza i-insulin
Emashumini eminyaka edlule, odokotela banikeze impendulo engathandeki embuzweni wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba ukhulelwe isifo sikashukela. Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kwakuyisihibe ngokuphelele ekutholakaleni kokukhulelwa kanye nokutholwa okuphephile kwengane.
Umuthi wanamuhla usudlulele phambili, futhi naphezu kobunzima obuthile obuhambisana nama-pathologies abangelwa yilesi sifo, namuhla ungakhulelwa futhi ubelethe ngohlobo 1 nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kulesi sigaba sokuthuthuka kwemithi, ukukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha kwabesifazane abanalolu hlobo lokuxilonga kuyinto ejwayelekile, yize zikhona izingozi ezihambisana nalokhu.
Sekutholwe ukuthi uma umama enesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ingane inamathuba amabili okusikhulisa, uma ubaba engamaphesenti amahlanu, futhi uma bobabili abazali benamashumi amabili nanhlanu.
Owesifazane okhulelwe ngokuqinisekile kufanele abe ngaphansi kokuqashwa njalo nokulawulwa kochwepheshe abathathu: udokotela wezifo zamehlo, i-endocrinologist kanye nodokotela wezempilo.
Izinto eziphila kamama nengane phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa zixhunyaniswe ngokungalingani, ngakho-ke ukubhekisisa njalo kwenqanaba le-glucose egazini likamama kubalulekile ukugwema izinkinga ezihambisana nokunciphisa ukukhula kwesibeletho kanye nokulimala kwezakhi zofuzo.
Ngokugxuma okungazelelwe kwamazinga kashukela, ukuphuma kwesisu kungabangelwa, noma ingane ibe nesisindo esithe xaxa, futhi lokhu kungadala ukuwohloka kwenqubo yokuzalwa nokulimala kwengane.
Kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi ingane izalwe inezinga likashukela eliphansi, lokhu kungenxa yezici zokuthuthuka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengoba ipancreas yakhe aphoqwa ukuthi akhiqize i-insulin eyengeziwe ngenxa yokugula kukamama. Ngemuva kokubeletha, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinga le-glucose lijwayelekile, kepha i-insulin izoqhubeka nokukhiqizwa ngevolumu efanayo.
Contraindication ukukhulelwa
Ngaphandle kwempumelelo enkulu kanye nokufinyeleleka kwemithi yesimanje, kanye neqiniso lokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe futhi ubelethe isifo sikashukela, kunezindlela eziningi eziphikisayo ezivimbela le nqubo.
Isifo sikashukela sibeka umthwalo omkhulu esimweni sazo zonke izinhlelo zomzimba, futhi lapho kukhulelwa kwenzeka, sanda kaningi, esisongela hhayi ingane kuphela, kodwa futhi nempilo kamama.
Kunezinhlobo zezifo eziningi ezifanayo eziphazamisa inkambo ejwayelekile kanye nokuzalela okuphephile kwengane enesifo sikashukela:
- isifo senhliziyo;
- isifo sofuba
- ukwehluleka okunzima kwezinso;
- I-Rhesus - ukungqubuzana;
- isifo sikashukela esingamelana nesifo sikashukela;
- gastroenteropathy.
Phambilini, ukwanda kwengozi yokuthola isifo sikashukela kubo bobabili abazali kuye kwathiwa, nakho lokhu kuwukuphikisana nokukhulelwa. Lapha udinga ukuhlolwa okugcwele kanye nezeluleko zochwepheshe mayelana nokuthi mangakanani amathuba okutholwa nokuba nengane ephilile.
Akungatshazwa ukuthi ukukhulelwa kowesifazane onesifo sikashukela kufanele kuhlelwe, futhi kungazelelwe, ngokulungiselela kahle umzimba ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Owesifazane uphoqelekile ukulawula ngokuphelele izinga le-glucose egazini lakhe, ukubekela eceleni ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingeziwe namavithamini, ukuthola odokotela abahle nabanekhono abazobonwa esikhathini esizayo.
Izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kungenzeka ukuthi ukhulelwe isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala nolwesibili, kepha lezi akuzona ukuphela kwezifo zikashukela ezitholakele kwabesifazane abasezikhundleni.
Isifo sikashukela sibangela izinkinga eziningi zokubelethisa kumama nengane, ngakho ochwepheshe bayinaka kakhulu futhi bayihlukanise ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo ezihambisana nokukhulelwa:
- i-latent - ayinazimpawu zomtholampilo, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sezifundo nokuhlaziya;
- ukusongela - Ungakhula kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuba nefa elibi nokuhlupheka ngokweqile, usuvele unezingane ezizalwe zinesisindo esiphakeme, ngaphezulu kuka-4,5 kg. Kumama abakhulelwe kangaka, kutholakala i-glucosuria - ushukela umchamo, okubonisa umkhawulo ophansi we-glucose. Ukuqapha nokulawula kufanele kube njalo ekuboneni le nkinga;
- kucace -Utholakala kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ze-glucosuria ne-glycemia. Ihlukaniswe ngezindlela ezintathu: ukukhanya, okuphakathi nendawo nokusindayo. Lokhu kuhambisana nomonakalo wezinso, i-retina, izilonda ezihamba ngezinyawo, izilonda zenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Kukhona nolunye uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela - lomthambo, olukhula kubantu besifazane abaphile kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, cishe yi-3 - 5%. Kudinga ukunakwa nokulawulwa kodokotela. Ngemuva kokubeletha kwengane inyamalala, ingabuya nokukhulelwa okuphindaphindiwe.
Kutholakala cishe amasonto angama-20, izimbangela zangempela zokuvela kwawo azikatholakali. Ama-hormone akhiqizwa yi-placenta avimba i-insulin kamama, okuholela ekutheni kukhuphuke ushukela wegazi.
Engcupheni yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa:
- abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane;
- uma kukhona isihlobo esiseduze nalesi sifo;
- abesifazane abangabezinye izinhlanga ngaphandle kweCaucasoid;
- ababhemayo
- ukukhuluphala;
- ukuzala ingane yangaphambilini enesisindo esingaphezu kuka-4.5 kg.
Isifo sikashukela emadodeni nokukhulelwa kwengane
Abesilisa, njengabesifazane, banokuhlaselwa yilesi sifo, abanezimpawu ezifanayo nezinhlobo ezihlukile.Uma owesilisa enesifo sikashukela iminyaka eminingi, lesi sifo sishiya ukubukeka kwesimo somzimba, sidale ukungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini wakhe ohlangene, sibangele ama-pathologies amaningi.
Enye yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ubunzima bokukhulelwa nokungazali kwabesilisa.
Ngenxa yesifo, imithambo yegazi emincane nemikhulu iyonakaliswa, ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile kuyaphazamiseka. Isifo sikashukela esibolile sibangela ubunzima ekusebenzeni kwezinso nohlelo lwezitho zofuzo.
I-urethra incishisiwe, isidoda asikwazi ukusikhipha ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwemvelo, sibuyele esikhungweni, ngakho-ke ukuchumisa akunakwenzeka.
Indlela yokuphila kamama esizayo
Bonke abathathu abamatolo, belinde ukubonakala kwengane, kumele babe ngaphansi kokuphathwa ngokuphelele kwabo bonke odokotela abathintekayo enkambisweni yokuphumelela kokukhulelwa.
Okokuqala, umama okhulelwe uhlolwa ngokuphelele ngochwepheshe abanjengochwepheshe we-gynecologist, i-endocrinologist, isazi sezempilo kanye nofuzo, bese, ngokunaka konke ukuqokwa bese kulandela izincomo, isikhathi esikhethekile sempilo yowesifazane siqala.
Owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele adle kahle ngokusekelwe ekudleni uNo. 9. Khawulela umthamo wamafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate, engeza amaprotheni. Ushukela, uju, amaswidi, ujamu ngokuphelele akufakiwe.
Udinga ukuthatha amavithamini namaminerali amaningi. Inani eliphelele lamakhalori nsuku zonke akufanele lidlule izinkulungwane ezintathu. Yidla ngokuqinile ngehora, futhi zonke iziguli zine-insulin yokwelashwa. Imithi yomlomo ayikhishwa ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi.
Kukho konke ukukhulelwa, owesifazane ungeniswa esibhedlela ukuyohlolwa izikhathi ezintathu.
Masinyane ngemuva kokubhaliswa, emavikini angama-20 - angama-24 naku-32 - 34 ukulungisa ukusetjenziswa nemithamo ye-insulin.
Ku-trimester yokugcina, indlela yokubeletha yowesifazane inqunywa, ngokuya ngesimo sakhe esijwayelekile somzimba, isinqumo senziwa kungaba ngendlela yemvelo, noma ngosizo lwesigaba se-cesarean.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Kungenzeka yini ukuba ubelethe umntwana onempilo ngokuphelele onesifo sikashukela? Ungaziphatha kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa? Izimpendulo kuvidiyo:
Isifo sikashukela mellitus ngenxa yentuthuko yanamuhla yezokwelapha akusona isigwebo, okusho ukuthi ungakhulelwa futhi ubelethe ngokuxilongwa okunjalo. Owesifazane kuphela odinga ukuthola izeluleko kubo bonke ochwepheshe abahilelekile kule nqubo, futhi abe elungele izinyanga eziyi-9 ukuyishintsha ngokuphelele indlela yakhe yokuphila.
Ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho nezidingo zodokotela, ithuba lokuzala umntwana onempilo futhi oqinile landa kaningi, futhi izinkinga ezihambisana nalesi sifo ziqedwa.
