Isimo esijwayelekile se-glucose kumchamo kwabesifazane siyinkomba eqinisekisa inkambo ejwayelekile ye-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni.
Ngokusho kwakhe, ukuba khona kweshukela kumchamo kufanele kube phansi kangangokuba izinsimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya azikwazi ukukulungisa.
Ukuxilonga ukwanda kokuhlushwa kukhombisa isimo esibonisa izimpawu - i-glucosuria, okuyisibonakaliso sezifo eziningi zesibindi, izinso noma ama-pancreas. Ngakho-ke, ukutholwa okufika ngesikhathi kwalesi simo kanye nokuzimisela kwezimbangela ezakubangela kukuvumela ukuthi uqale ukwelashwa ngesikhathi futhi ugweme imiphumela emibi.
Ngabe lubonakala kanjani ushukela kumchamo?
I-carbohydrate metabolism inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yezigaba eziningi.
Ngesikhathi sokushukela kabusha ezinsweni, ukuntuleka kwama-enzymes abopha ama-molecule alo bese uwahambisa ngomgoqo we-epithelial ungene egazini kubangela i-glucosuria.
Ukwazi ukuthi yini ushukela (ushukela) omchamo kubantu besifazane ngokweminyaka, udinga ukusebenzisa itafula elifanele. Inani ushukela oqukethwe egazini ezingadonswa izinso libizwa ngokuthi umbundu we-renal, isilinganiso saso singama-8.8-9,9 mmol / L, kanti lapho umchamo ulungiswa ungekho ngaphezulu kwe-0.08 mmol / L. Ukuhlushwa okuphansi okunjalo kusivumela ukuthi sicabange ukuthi akukho shukela emchameni noma ukukhombisa ubukhona bawo ngegama elithi "ukulandela" ushukela.
Ngokukhuphuka kwenani elingenhla le-glucose, izinso azinaso isikhathi sokuwudonsa, bese zisuka emzimbeni zingena emgudwini womchamo zihamba nomchamo. Ukuqiniswa kwalesi simo kuholela ekutheni ukufakwa ushukela yizinso kuncishiswe kakhulu futhi kungahle kuphele. Ngakho-ke, uma kutholakala i-glucosuria, isiguli sidinga ukubhekwa kwezokwelashwa.
Imvamisa, lesi simo sihambisana nezimpawu ezinjengokoma okuvamisile nokuchama okuchazayo (i-polyuria). Ukubukeka kwabo kukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kokwehluleka kwezinso.
Isibonakaliso esikhombisa izinsolo zokuthi isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ne-hyperglycemia siyisivivinyo esihle se-glucosuria.
Isimo sikashukela kumchamo kubantu besifazane ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50-60 singakhuphuka kancane, okuchazwa ngokuncipha kwamandla okusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi. Ukutholwa kukashukela ophakanyisiwe umchamo wasekuseni kufika ku-1.7 mmol / L nakho kungahle kube ngokomzimba, ngenkathi ukuhlaziya kuthathwe kwezinye izikhathi zosuku kungakuvezi.
Lesi simo singenzeka ngenxa yezici ezahlukahlukene. Izingane zibonakaliswa umkhawulo ophakeme wezinso ukwedlula abantu abadala, ngakho-ke i-glucose yegazi ebangeni le-10.45-12.65 ijwayelekile kubo.
Ukuxilonga ngokunembile lesi simo kuzovumela ucwaningo:
- ngendlela yamaGaines;
- ngendlela yeBenedict;
- ngendlela ye-Althausen;
- indlela ye-polarimetric.
Izinhlobo zeGlucosuria
Uma sikhuluma ngenkomba efana noshukela kumchamo, imvelo eyejwayelekile yabesifazane idlulwa, ingaba ngokomzimba noma ngesimo sezinto eziphilayo.
Imbangela ye-glucosuria yomzimba ingaba ukucindezela, ukuthatha imishanguzo, ukukhulelwa, ukudla kwe-carbohydrate, umsebenzi womzimba:
- I-Alimentary glucosuria ingumphumela wenani elikhulayo lama-carbohydrate kwimenyu. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinga loshukela lingajwayelekile njengoba ukudla kudonswa;
- ukubonakaliswa kwe-iatrogenic glucosuria kungumphumela wokuthatha umuthi we-corticosteroid;
- i-glucosuria engokomzwelo iba lapho ukucindezelwa komzimba okutholakalelwa ngumzimba kubangela i-hypersecretion yama-hormone okucindezela akhuthaza ukubumbeka komzimba
- ukukhulelwa kuyisimo esikhethekile sowesifazane lapho ukubonakala kwe-glucosuria kungumphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso. Njengoba izinga lomkhawulo ngalesi sikhathi alidluli ku-7 mmol / l, noma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-carbohydrate kubangela ukugxuma kumazinga kashukela. Lesi simo asiyona ingozi, kepha singadala ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, okuthi nakho kubangele ukukhula kwe-fetus pathology. Kubalulekile futhi, lapho kutholakala lolu phawu, ukuluhlukanisa phakathi kwesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Lapho kuvela i-glucosuria yomzimba, inkomba kashukela iphansi futhi incipha ngokushesha nje lapho izinga le-glucose le-plasma libuyele kokujwayelekile.
Indlela ye-glucosuria ye-pathological ingaba ngumphumela we:
- ukushoda kwe-insulin ngenxa yokuncipha kwamangqamuzana e-beta kumanyikwe. I-Endocrine glucosuria iyisibonakaliso somtholampilo esikhombisa isifo esine-pancreatitis eyingozi, i-pheochromocytoma, i-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome. Umchamo kushukela sikashukela kwabesifazane futhi uqukethe inani elikhulayo loshukela;
- Umonakalo we-CNS ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka noma i-brain tumor, i-meningitis, encephalitis, unhlangothi;
- isifo sesibindi esihambisana nokukhubazeka kwe-glycogen deposition;
- isenzo samakhompiyutha aqukethe i-phosphorus, i-strychnine, i-morphine noma i-chloroform. Ukubonakaliswa kwezinhlobo ezinobuthi ze-glucosuria kuwuphawu lobuthi obunobuthi obunezinto ezinobuthi obuqukethwe emithini efakwe kuhla.
Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-glucosuria ingaba ngumphumela wokwephulwa kwenqubo yokuphinda ubambe izinso ngokwazo, kuyilapho ukubonakala koshukela emchameni kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda samanani we-plasma glucose ahambelana nokwejwayelekile.
Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi yi-renal noma i-renal glucosuria. Kungaba ngumphumela wesifo sokuzala, okungukuthi, okubangelwa isici sofuzo, noma esitholwe ngenxa yesifo esine-jade noma nephrosis.
Izici zokuqoqwa komchamo nokuhlaziywa
Ungabona ubukhona be-glucose emchameni womabili elabhorethri nasekhaya. Ngokuzimela ekhaya, abahlaziyi be-Express - ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose, okwenzelwe lokhu ikakhulukazi, kuzosiza ukuyikhomba. Ziyiqoqo lemichilo yephepha lezinkomba liphathwa ngama-reagents akwazi ukugcoba ushukela. Le ndlela elula futhi elula yokuthola umphumela osheshayo emaminithini ambalwa.
I-Glucotest
Ngokuya ngemiyalo, umphumela otholakala usebenzisa i-glucotest unembe nge-99%. Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa imichilo yokuhlola ingashintshi umbala wayo, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izinkomba zingaphakathi kwemingcele evamile. Imiphumela efanelekile yokubaluleka kanye nenani ingatholakala kuphela ezifundweni zaselebhu.
Emalabhoratri ezikhungo zezokwelapha, kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zezifundo ezenziwayo - ekuseni nokuhlolwa kwansuku zonke komchamo. Lesi sakamuva sinolwazi olwengeziwe, kuyenzeka uma kwenzeka ukuthi ekuseni kungakhombisi ukuphambuka.
Ukuhlola i-biomaterial yasekuseni, umchamo uyasetshenziswa, uqoqwe lapho uchama okokuqala ngemuva kokuvuka kosuku.
Uma udinga ukuqoqa umchamo wansuku zonke, i-biomaterial iqoqwe esitsheni esikhulu - imvamisa imbiza ebunjiwe eyi-3 litre, egcinwe esiqandisini amahora angama-24. Lapho usuqedile ukuqoqwa kwe-biomaterial yansuku zonke, imbiza iyanyakaziswa futhi iphonswe esitsheni esikhethekile kuze kufike kum 200 umchamo.
Ukwenza ukuhlaziywa komchamo kunembe ngangokunokwenzeka, kunconyelwa ukuthi ungadli amaswidi, iphalishi le-buckwheat, izithelo zezithelo zomdumo, amabhele kanye izaqathi ngosuku olungaphambi kokuba luqoqwe. Ngosuku lokuqoqa, abesifazane kufanele bagezwe izitho zangasese zangaphandle ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu. Lokhu kusebenza ekuhlaziyeni kwasekuseni nansuku zonke. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ubheke ukuthi ukucindezelwa ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo kungathinta imiphumela yokuhlaziya, ngakho-ke, uma kutholakale ushukela, ukuhlaziya kumele kuphindwe.
Uma umphumela omuhle utholakala ngokuba khona kweshukela kumchamo, njengesifundo esingeziwe sokuthola imbangela yempande, i-ultrasound yezinso ingabekwa, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuthola ushukela weglucose, ukuguquguquka kwaso kwansuku zonke.
Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-3 yomchamo wansuku zonke ikhombisa ukuba khona kwe-glucosuria, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza izifundo ezengeziwe zesifo sikashukela.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Ukuba khona kwenqanaba likashukela lowesifazane kumchamo yisikhathi sokufuna usizo lodokotela ku-endocrinologist ozokhomba imbangela yayo, anikeze izincomo ekudleni, futhi anikeze izivivinyo zokuxilongwa okuhlukile kwesifo sikashukela.
Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kwesifo sikashukela kubandakanya:
- ukuhlaziya ushukela wegazi;
- I-Ultrasound yezinso;
- ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose sensitivity;
- ukuqapha ushintsho nsuku zonke kushukela womchamo (iphrofayili ye-glucosuric).
Uma isifo sikashukela siqinisekisiwe, kuzodingeka ukuhlolwa ukuze kutholakale ukuphazamiseka kwe-pancreatic okuthinta ukuthathwa kwe-glucose. Lokhu kuzokwembula izinga lokuncika kwe-insulin futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isidingo sokwelashwa okuthatha indawo.
Inqubo yokwelapha isifo sikashukela ifaka:
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezonciphisa ushukela ngethebulethi noma ngomjovo;
- ukunamathela ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb okungabandakanyi utshwala kanye nemikhawulo yamafutha;
- ukukhipha ukusebenza komzimba.
Njengethuluzi elisizayo elingasiza ekunciphiseni ukugcwala koshukela, i-homeopathy kanye nomuthi wamakhambi lungasetshenziswa. Ukuqokwa kwabo kwenziwa ngakunye, kucatshangelwa ezinye izimpawu ezibonakalayo zesifo sikashukela.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Kungani kukhuphuka i-glucose kumchamo, okujwayelekile kwabesifazane nakho konke okudingeka ukwazi ngokudlulisela lokhu kuhlaziya kuvidiyo:
Ukuqoqwa koshukela emchameni kuyinkomba ebalulekile yempilo yowesifazane. Izifo ezihambisana nokwanda kwaso kunzima ukuzelapha. Kulokhu, kuba sobala ukuthi ushukela omningi wuphawu olubucayi oludinga ukubhekwa okuphoqelekile kwezokwelashwa, futhi ukwelashwa kwalo kuya ngesilinganiso se-glucosuria.
