Ngemuva kokuthi ama-endocrinologists athathe ukuhlolwa kwegazi lawo, ochwepheshe bavame ukuxilonga ukugcwala okuningana kwe-glucose.
Kungalesi sikhathi lapho wonke umuntu enombuzo: okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo? Manje kufanele ubhekane nobunzima obuningi maqondana nempilo ejwayelekile.
Udokotela kufanele anikeze imithi efanelekile yokunciphisa okuqukethwe ushukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzuzu ophathelene nokuphathwa kwe-insulin uhlala usebenza.
Kukholakala ukuthi kusetshenziselwa ukugcina amazinga kashukela egreyidi elijwayelekile. Ngokuyisisekelo, kunqunyelwe kubantu abanohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela. Kwezinye izimo, kungachazwa ngohlobo lwesibili lwalesi sifo. Ngakho-ke i-insulin inqunyelwe kuziphi izimo?
Thayipha i-insulin yokwelapha isifo sikashukela
Abantu abanale ndlela yesifo sikashukela bazibuza ukuthi ngabe yiliphi izinga le-insulin ebhalwe ushukela.
Njengomthetho, kulokhu kubalulekile ukuthi kugcinwe amandla we-pancreas ukukhiqiza i-insulin yomuntu. Uma isiguli singakutholi ukwelashwa okufanele, singamane sife.
Isifo sikashukela mellitus salolu hlobo olujwayelekile siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokugula kohlobo lwesibili. Uma kutholakala, inani le-insulin elikhiqizayo alithandeki noma alikho ngokuphelele.
Kungakho umzimba wesiguli ungakwazi ukubhekana nezinga likashukela ngokwalo. Izinga eliphansi lento libeka ingozi efanayo - lokhu kungaholela ekhefeni elingalindelekanga nokufa .Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela izincomo zochwepheshe nokuphatha ukwelashwa usebenzisa i-insulin yokwenziwa.
Ungakhohlwa ukuqapha okujwayelekile kokuqukethwe ushukela kanye nokuphasa ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile.
Njengoba umuntu enohlobo lokuqala lwalesi sifo nje engenakuphila ngaphandle kwe-insulin, kubalulekile ukuthatha le nkinga ngokungathi sína.
Kungakho lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela lubizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin-wate. Ngeshwa, ngaphandle kwaleli hormone, akusekho okunye okufanelekile.
I-insulin ibekelwa nini isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?
Isincomo esikhulu sokuqokwa kwe-insulin ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwamanyikwe.
Njengoba lesi yisitho esibhekele kakhulu ohlelweni lokulawula umsebenzi wezindawo zomzimba ngama-hormone, noma yikuphi ukwephulwa okungazelelwe emsebenzini waso osunguliwe kungaholela emiphumeleni engenakuphikwa.
Siqukethe amaseli β abhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin yabantu. Kepha, izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala kwento ngayinye izenza zizizwe, ngakho-ke, unyaka nonyaka inani lalezi zingqamuzana esigulini elinikezwe lincipha ngokuqinile. Ngokwezibalo, ngemuva kokuxilongwa kokugcina kokutholwa - thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-2, isiguli sinqunywe i-insulin ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yishumi.
Izizathu ezithinta ukuvela kokukhubazeka kumthamo womsebenzi we-secretion body yangaphakathi elibhekwayo:
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithamo emangalisa yemithi equkethe i-sulfonylurea enkulu;
- ukukhuphuka koshukela, okucishe kube ngu-9 mmol / l;
- Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela nganoma yiziphi ezinye izindlela.
Ngabe i-insulin ibhalela ushukela wegazi?
Isibonakaliso senhloso yalesi hormone yama-pancreatic ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwathathwa esiswini esingenalutho, futhi okuqukethwe kweglucose, ngokusho kwayo, kulingana no-14 mmol / l kunoma yisiphi isisindo.
Ngakho-ke yiluphi ushukela wegazi okhishwa yi-insulin ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2?
Uma i-glycemia yaqoshwa njalo esiswini esingenalutho emthamo ongaphezulu kuka-7 mmol / l ngenxa yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezwehlisa ushukela wethebhulethi nokudla okuqinile, khona-ke leli hormone lokufakelwa okwenziwe nge-pancreatic limiselwe ukugcina ukusebenza okujwayelekile komzimba.
Njengoba wazi, ngenqwaba yoshukela engaphezu kuka-9 mmol / l, izinqubo ezingenakuphikwa ezithinta kabi amaseli e-pancreatic ic. IGlucose iqala ukuvimba amandla alo mzimba ukukhiqiza ngokuzimela i-hormone yegama elifanayo. Le nto engathandeki ibizwa ngokuthi ubuthi be-glucose.
Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi uma izinga likashukela lihlala liphezulu ngaphambi kokudla, lizokwenyuka ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokudla.
Kungakho lesisimo sinqunyelwa lapho i-hormone ekhiqizwa yi-pancreas inganele ukucindezela inani elikhulu le-glucose.
Lapho ushukela uhlala usezingeni eliphakeme isikhathi eside, inqubo yokufa kwamaseli esitho secretion yangaphakathi iyaqala. Umthamo we-insulin okhiqizwayo wehla ngokuqinile, futhi okuqukethwe ushukela okwandayo emzimbeni kuhlala kungashintshiwe ngaphambi nangemva kokudla.
Ngakho-ke i-insulin ibekelwa nini isifo sikashukela? Umzimba udinga i-insulin ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana noshukela futhi unikeze ithuba lokubuyisa amaseli afile. Umthamo wale hormone ubalwa ngokusekelwe ezimweni ngazinye futhi udinga kuphela udokotela ohambelayo.
Ukuqokwa kwesikhashana kwale hormone kwenza ukuthi ama-pancreas abuyisele ngokuphelele izinqolobane ezilahlekile zamaseli ahlukile futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kwawo. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokwelashwa nge-insulin yokufakelwa, iqala ukukhiqiza i-hormone yayo uqobo. Ungayeka ukusebenzisa umuthi kuphela ngesisekelo sokudlulisa ukuhlaziya okufanele, okukhombisa okuqukethwe i-glucose esegazini. Ungakwenza kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sezokwelapha.
Njengamanje, kunezindlela eziningi zehomoni. Yilokhu okusiza ukukhetha kahle umthamo kanye nemvamisa yokuphatha isiguli esinesifo sikashukela.
Emazingeni okuqala esifo, akunconywa imijovo engaphezulu kwe-insulin emibili ngosuku.
Kunezimo lapho iziguli zenqaba ngokuphelele ukuphatha izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin, ngephutha zikholelwa ukuthi zinqunyelwe ezigabeni zokugcina zalesi sifo.
Kepha odokotela batusa ukungakunaki lokhu, ngoba imijovo izosiza ukubuyisela masinyane imisebenzi elahlekile yesitho esibaluleke kangako njengama-pancreas. Ngemuva kokuba izinga likashukela wegazi selibuyele kwelejwayelekile, i-insulin ingakhanselwa bese izidakamizwa ezikhethekile ezikhethekile zinikezwa isiguli.
Izinhlobo zokwelashwa
Kulesi sihloko, ungathola impendulo yombuzo wokuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwe-insulin yesifo sikashukela olufakwa nalo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kunqunyelwe zombili izinhlobo zalesi sifo.
Ngohlobo lwesibili, kunethuba elingcono lokuthola ngcono kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwamanyikwe.
Ngaphambi kokwenza irejimeni yokwelashwa yalesi sidakamizwa, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kokuphathwa kwe-insulin izinsuku eziyisikhombisa bese ufaka yonke imininingwane kashukela wegazi kudayari ekhethekile.
Ngenxa yemiphumela etholakele, udokotela uhlakulela ukwelashwa okukodwa kwesiguli esithile. Ngemuva kwalokho, isiguli sizokwazi ukulawula ngokuzimela ushukela wegazi kanye nomthamo we-hormone ebalulekile.
Ungenza kanjani uhlelo lokuphathwa kwe-pancreatic hormone:
- okokuqala udinga ukubheka isidingo se-insulin ikakhulukazi ebusuku;
- uma isikhathi eside sokwelashwa kwe-insulin kudingeka, umthamo wokuqala kufanele ubalwe ngokufanele, okuthi esikhathini esizayo kudinga ukulungiswa;
- isidingo se-insulin enwetshiwe ekuseni naso siyabalwa. Into engathandeki kakhulu kule nqubo ukuthi isiguli sikashukela kuzodingeka seqe ibhulakufesi nangelantshi;
- uma kunesidingo, i-hormone ye-pancreatic enwetshiwe ekuseni, umthamo wokuqala ubalwa, olungiswa kamuva emavikini ambalwa;
- uma kudingeka i-insulin yokuzila ngokushesha, kufanele uzinqume ukuthi uzosebenzisa nini futhi ngaphambi kokudla;
- kubaluleke kakhulu ukubala kusengaphambili imithamo yokuqala ye-ultrashort kanye ne-hormone yokufakelwa emfushane yamanyikwe esiswini esingenalutho ngaphambi kokudla ngqo;
- kuyadingeka ukulungisa njalo umthamo we-hormone ngokuya ngemininingwane yokulawula yezinsuku ezedlule;
- kubalulekile ukuthi, ngosizo lokuhlolwa okuthile, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi kufanele kuthathwe isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokudla umthamo we-insulin.
Lo mbhalo uphendula umbuzo wokuthi i-insulin inqunyelwa nini isifo sikashukela. Uma uthatha lesi sifo kanye nokwelashwa kwe-insulin ngokungathi sína, ungagwema imiphumela efana nokukhubazeka kwesifo sikashukela nokufa.
Umuthi i-Novorapid yi-insulin ephumelelayo eyehlisa ushukela wegazi. Kuthuthukisa ukwanda ekwakhekeni kwe-glycogen kanye nenqubo ye-lipogenesis.
IGlucobay imvamisa ibekelwa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Odokotela baphinde banikeze wona ukunqanda iziguli esimweni sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela.
Futhi i-Angiovit imiselwe bani futhi imiselwe ini? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo zingatholakala lapha.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Ubuhle nokulimana kokulashwa kwe-insulin kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2:
Njengoba kungaqondakala kulo lonke ulwazi olungenhla, ukuqokwa kwe-insulin yohlobo 2 sikashukela kuyadingeka ukubeka iliveli kashukela futhi kubuyelwe umsebenzi we-pancreatic. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kwenzeke ukuhlelela umsebenzi wokugcina ngesikhathi esifushane ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezisongela impilo.
Ungayeki ukwelashwa kwe-insulin ezigabeni zokuqala, ngoba lokhu kuzokusindisa ekujovweni impilo yonke kwehomoni ngokuzayo. Indlela efanelekile yokwelashwa, ukuzimisela okunengqondo komthamo nokuhambisana nazo zonke izincomo ze-endocrinologist kuzosiza ukuqeda konke ukuphazamiseka okuye kwenzeka emzimbeni.
