I-organic, idiopathic ne-renal sikashukela insipidus: izimpawu ezinganeni, ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Ukweqiwa kwenani lamanzi emzimbeni wengane okuhambisana nokukhiqizwa okungafanele kwe-hormone vasopressin ibizwa ngokuthi yi -abetes insipidus.

Ngenye indlela, lesi sifo singabizwa ngokuthi yisifo sikashukela, singenzeka kunoma yimuphi unyaka. Kepha kungani isifo sikashukela senzeka ezinganeni futhi selashwa kanjani lesi sifo?

Izici zesifo

Izingane ezigulayo zigxibha umchamo omkhulu, obonakala njengabantu abaphansi. Lokhu kungasebenzi kubangelwa ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwehomoni ye-antidiuretic, isikhathi esiningi ukungabikho kwayo okuphelele. Ukugcina izinga lamanzi elijwayelekile emzimbeni, i-vasopressin ibalulekile.

Ilawula inani lokuphuma komchamo. Uma kwenzeka wephula ukukhiqizwa kwe-ADH yi-gland yegland, kukhona ukuphuma kwe-fluid okuvela emzimbeni ngamanani andayo, okuholela ekomeni izingane elihlangabezana nazo njalo.

I-Endocrinologists ichaza izinhlobo eziningana zesifo sikashukela:

1. organic. Okunzima kakhulu nokujwayelekile. Kuya ngokukhiqizwa kwe-vasopressin;
2. i-idiopathic. Kuyatholakala uma imbangela yalesi sifo ingahlonzwa ngazo zonke izindlela nezindlela. Ochwepheshe abahamba phambili emkhakheni wezifo zesifo sikashukela abanesifo sikashukela bangabaza ukuhlukaniswa kwalolu hlobo lwe-pathology. Kukholelwa ukuthi imishini engaphelele yokuhlonza lesi sifo ayinakucacisa imbangela;
3. izinso. Leli fomu litholakala ezinganeni ezinezinso zalo ezingakwazi ukuphendula kahle ku-ADH. Imvamisa, ifomu le-renal liyatholakala, kepha futhi kukhona i-pathology yokuzalwa kabusha. Inganqunywa ezinyangeni ezi-6 zokuqala zempilo yosanda kuzalwa.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-idiopathic ezinganeni:

1. ukoma okungapheli. Izingane ezigulayo ziphuza amalitha ayi-8-16 amanzi ngosuku. Amajusi, itiye elifudumele noma i-compote awugculisi ukoma. Kudinga amanzi abandayo;
2. ukungaphatheki kahle. Izingane zingathandeki, zenqaba ukwamukela noma yikuphi ukudla, zifuna njalo ukuphuzwa;
3. ukuchama ngokweqile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku - i-polyuria. Izingane zichama umchamo kaningi kuze kube ngu-800 ml ngokuchama. Uketshezi oluhlukile alunamakha, alunamabala, alunawo ushukela namaprotheni. Izimpawu zifaka ukungalali kobusuku nemini;
4. ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esanele soketshezi, kukhiqizwa amathe amancane kanye namajusi esiswini. Ingane ilahlekelwa yisifiso sayo sokudla, izifo zesisu, ukuvela kokuqunjelwa;
5. ukomisa. Ngenxa yokuchama ngokweqile, ukuphuma komzimba kwenzeka, naphezu kokuthi ingane iphuza uketshezi olwanele ngosuku. Isikhumba soma, ingane incipha isisindo;
6. umkhuhlane. Ukunciphisa inani lamanzi okuphuza kubangela ukukhuphuka kokushisa komzimba kumazinga aphezulu. Lolu phawu lubonakala ezinganeni ezincane.

Ifomu le-organic

Izimpawu zefomu le-organic:

1. ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kohlelo lwe-endocrine (lokhu ukubambezeleka kokukhula komzimba, ukukhuluphala, ukufiphala, njll.);
2. zonke izimpawu ziyi-idiopathic.

Ifomu le-renal

Izimpawu zezimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezingena ezinganeni zefomu le-renal:

1. diuresis kusuka ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila;
2. ukuqunjelwa
3. ukuhlanza
4. umkhuhlane;
5. umkhuhlane kasawoti;
6. iminyakazo
7. ukonakala komzimba nangokwengqondo ngokuphathwa kukhethwe ngendlela engafanele noma ukungabikho kwayo.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela ayizikhombisi izimpawu ezinganeni, kepha itholakala kuphela ekuhlolweni okulandelayo kokuvikela lapho kudlula ukuhlolwa komchamo okujwayelekile.

Izizathu

Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo sitholakala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7.

I-insipidus yesifo sikashukela enganeni kungenzeka ngenxa yokuvela kokuzalwa komzimba ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto ezahlukahlukene zezemvelo, ngemuva kokuthola ukulimala ekhanda, ngenxa yokuhlinzwa emkhakheni we-neurosurgery.

I-Cerebral edema ngemuva kokulimala kukakhanda iyimbangela ejwayelekile yalesi sifo, futhi isifo sikashukela sikhula ngokushesha okukhulu - ezinsukwini ezingama-40 ngemuva kokulimala.

Imvamisa imbangela yalesi sifo yilezifo ezidluliselwa esemncane:

• umkhuhlane
• ama-mumps;
• ukukhwehlela;
• inkukhu yenkukhu;
• i-meningitis

Isifo sikashukela ezimweni ezingandile sivela ngemuva kwesifo sezinye izifo ezingacaciswanga:

• ukucindezela
• isimila sobuchopho;
• i-leukemia;
• ukutheleleka esibelethweni;
• ngenxa yokwelashwa kwezimila;
• ifa;
• ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal ebusheni.

Ukuxilonga

Uma uthola izimpawu zesifo sikashukela enganeni yakho, udinga ukuvakashela udokotela wobugqila ezingane. Ngudokotela owenza ukuhlolwa esebenzisa amathuluzi okuxilonga wesimanje, anikeze izivivinyo nokwelashwa okudingekayo.

Kungemva kokuhlolwa ngokuphelele lapho odokotela bengathola khona isifo sikashukela. Izimpawu ezinganeni ziyadingeka ukuthola uhlobo ngqo lwalesi sifo.

Ucwaningo Oludingekayo:

1. ukuphuma komchamo nsuku zonke;
2. OAM
3. isampuli yomchamo ngokusho kweZimnitsky;
4. ukuhlaziywa kwe-glucose nama-electrolyte emchameni;
5. ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemistry.

Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwefluid ingakhombisa kahle isidingo sokuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwesimo sengane, amasampula athile kumele athathwe.

Kusetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa okuqondile ukuthola ekugcineni uhlobo oluthile lwalesi sifo:

1. isivivinyo esomile. Kwenziwa kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa kodokotela esibhedlela. Ingane ayivunyelwe ukuphuza isikhathi eside, cishe amahora ayi-6. Kulokhu, amasampula omchamo athathwa. Ubukhulu obuthile boketshezi lapho kukhona ukugula buhlala buphansi;
2. avivinye nge-vasopressin. Ihormoni ihanjiswa esigulini, baqapha izinguquko kumthamo nobukhulu obuthile bomchamo. Ezinganeni ezigulayo ezinesifo sikashukela se-hypothalamic, inani lomchamo landa kakhulu, futhi nevolumu liyancipha. Ngefomu le-nephrogenic, akukho zinguquko kumchamo.

Lapho kunqunywa ifomu le-idiopathic, kwenziwa izifundo ezengeziwe ezivumela ukukhipha noma ukuqinisekisa ngokunembile ubukhona besimila sobuchopho:

1. I-EEG (echoencephalography);
2. ubuchopho be-tomography;
3. ukuhlolwa ngudokotela wamehlo wezamehlo, i-neurosurgeon, i-neuropathologist;
4. I-X-ray yesikhumba. Kwezinye izimo, isifundo sebhokisi laseTurkey.

Ukunquma isifo sikashukela sefomu lezinso ezinganeni, kuyadingeka ukwenza isivivinyo nge-minirin.

I-Echoencephalography yobuchopho

Uma ukuhlolwa nge-minirin kuyinto engeyinhle, kutholakala okunye ukuxilongwa:

1. I-Ultrasound yezinso;
2. i-urography;
3. isivivinyo se-Addis - Kakovsky;
4. nquma imvume yezidalwa zasendulo;
5. ukutadishwa kofuzo kufaka phakathi izinga lokuzwela kwezitho zokuthambisa zezithambo zezinso ku-vasopressin.

Ukwelashwa

Uma abazali bebone ushintsho esimweni sengane ngesikhathi, bafune usizo lodokotela futhi bakwazi ukubona ukuthi isifo sisondelene ne-endocrinologist, khona-ke ukwelashwa okuthola okunye esikhundleni sokudla nokudla kuyonikeza i-prognosis enhle yesimo esengeziwe sengane.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Organic ne-idiopathic

Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela salokhu okuhlukahlukene, ukwelashwa kokubuyiselwa kwe-vasopressin kuyadingeka. Ingane ithola i-analogue eyenziwe yahlanganiswa ye-hormone - i-minirin.

Izibhebhe zaseMinirin

Lesi sidakamizwa sisebenza kakhulu, asinazimpikiswano nemiphumela yokungezwani komzimba. Ikhiqizwa futhi isetshenziswe ngendlela yamathebulethi. Lokhu kunikeza lula ukuthatha lesi sidakamizwa kubazali nasezinganeni.

Umthamo we-minirin empeleni ukhethiwe ngokulandelana, ngokuya ngeminyaka nesisindo sesiguli. Izingane ezikhubazekile zidinga ama-hormone amaningi ngosuku.

Ukwelashwa kwezinso

Kodwa izazi ze-endocrinologists zizama ukudambisa isimo sezingane.

Babeka ama-diuretics, kwesinye isikhathi izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala. Zithuthukisa inhlala-kahle ngokunciphisa inani le-sodium nosawoti emzimbeni.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Kulesi siqephu sohlelo lwe-TV oluthi “Live Great!” no-Elena Malysheva uzofunda ngezimpawu zesifo sikashukela:

Izingane ezigula zigcinwa esibhedlela njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3. Ukuhlolwa kongcweti abancane kubanjwa njalo: i-Optometrist kanye nodokotela wezinzwa. Umchamo, izinga lokoma, isimo sesikhumba siyalawulwa, i-X-ray yesikhumba, i-tomography.