Lapho owesifazane ecabanga ngokuhlela ingane, uzama ukukhipha izinto ezingezinhle ezingathinta impilo yakhe.
Omama abaningi abakhulelwe bayeka ukubhema notshwala, baqale ukulandela ukudla okuyisipesheli futhi benze amalungiselelo e-multivitamin. Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela abagcini nje lapho belungiselela ukukhulelwa ngokucophelela, kufanele bazilungiselele lezimanga ezingemnandi kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, kufanele uwushiye ngokuphelele umbono wokuba nengane. Ingabe ukwesaba okunjalo kokukhulelwa kunesizathu kulesi sifo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ubelethe ngohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela?
Umnyombo walesi sifo
Abantu abaningi babheka isifo sikashukela njengesifo esisodwa. Umongo wayo ulele empeleni kwinto eyodwa - ukwanda koshukela wegazi.
Kepha, eqinisweni, isifo sikashukela sehlukile, kuya ngezinqubo zokubonakala kwaso. Isifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 sitholakala kubantu abanamanyikwe angasebenzi kahle.
Amangqamuzana ayo enza i-insulin encane, engasusa ushukela egazini aye esibindini, ayiguqukele lapho ibe yifomu elingasebenzi, i-glycogen. Ukusuka lapha kwaqhamuka igama lalesi sifo - isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 asihlotshaniswa nokuncipha kokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin, kodwa nokungaziguli kwaleli hormone ngamangqamuzana omzimba. Okusho ukuthi, i-insulin yanele, kepha ayikwazi ukufeza ukusebenza kwayo, ngakho-ke ushukela nawo uhlala egazini. Le ndlela yalesi sifo ingahlala i-asymptomatic futhi icashile isikhathi eside.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe banezinhlobo ezihlukile zesifo sikashukela - sokuthinta umzimba. Kwenzeka emavikini ambalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa futhi kuhambisana nobunzima ekusebenziseni ushukela osuka egazini.
Isifo sikashukela, umuntu ukhulisa ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene enza impilo yakhe ibe nzima. Izinqubo ze-metabolic-salt metabolism ziyaphazamiseka, umuntu womile, uzizwa ebuthakathaka.
Umbono ungancipha, ingcindezi ingakhuphuka, ukubukeka kwesikhumba kuzokonakala, futhi ukulimala kwayo ngeke kuphilise isikhathi eside kakhulu. Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele lobunzima nezingozi ezibhekene nomuntu onesifo sikashukela.
Into eyingozi kakhulu i-hyperglycemic coma, engakhula ngokugxuma okungalawulwa ushukela kaningana ngokuqhathaniswa nokujwayelekile. Lesi simo singadala ukufa komzimba.
Ukukhulelwa kanye nokubeletha kwengane yesifo sikashukela
Ngaphambi kokutholwa kwe-insulin, abantu babekholelwa ukuthi isifo sikashukela akufanele sizale. Lokhu kwakungenxa yezinga eliphansi lokusinda kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, inani eliphakeme lokufa kwe-intrauterine, kanye nengozi empilweni kamama.
Ngaphezu kwesigamu sokukhulelwa kwaphela kabuhlungu kowesifazane noma kwengane. Kepha ngemuva kokuqamba indlela yokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 (okuvame kakhulu) nge-insulin, lezi zingozi zaqala ukuncipha.
Manje, emitholampilo eminingi, ukushona kwezingane komama abanesifo sikashukela sekwehlile, ngokwesilinganiso, kuya ku-15%, nasezikhungweni ezinezinga eliphakeme lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha - kuya ngisho naku-7%. Ngakho-ke, ungazala unesifo sikashukela.
Amathuba wezinkinga kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela uhlala uhlala unjalo. Inqubo yokutholwa komzimba inzima kakhulu kwabesifazane ukubekezelela nge-pathology enjalo, ingozi yokuphuphuma kwezisu noma ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ihlala iphakeme. Imizimba yabo isivele ibe buthakathaka yisifo esingelapheki, futhi ukukhulelwa kaningi kukhulisa umthwalo kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba.
Uma umyeni wami enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ngingazala?
Kukhona ithuba lokudluliselwa kwalesi sifo ngefa (2% - uma umama okhulelwe egula, u-5% - uma ubaba egula, no-25% uma bobabili abazali begula).
Noma ingane ingakutholi lokhu kugula, isazizwa imiphumela engemihle yokwanda koshukela egazini likamama ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengane.
Ingane enkulu ingakhula, inani lamanzi e-amniotic livame ukukhuphuka ngokweqile, ingane ingahlushwa i-hypoxia noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic. Lezi zingane ezisanda kuzalwa zijwayela impilo ngaphandle komzimba womama isikhathi eside, zivame ukuhlaselwa izifo ezithathelwanayo.
Abanye abantwana bazalwa benokungazalwa komzimba ngenxa yokungalingani okujwayelekile kumetabolism. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ikhwalithi yempilo yabo, kepha kungaholela nasekufeni besebancane. Lezi zingane ezisanda kuzalwa nazo zinezimpawu zangaphandle ezingafani - ubuso obuyindilinga, ukukhula ngokweqile kwezicubu ezingaphansi, ukukhulupha ngokweqile, ukugqama kwesikhumba kanye nokuba khona kwezindawo ezopha igazi.
Ukuzalwa kwengane ngokwayo nesifo sikashukela kungaba nzima kakhulu. Umsebenzi wezabasebenzi ungenziwa buthaka, bese inqubo yokubonakala kwengane ibambezeleka.
Lokhu kufiphele ukukhula kwe-hypoxia enganeni, ukwephula inhliziyo yakhe. Ngakho-ke, ukuzalwa kwengane ngale nto yobungozi kufanele kuqhubeke ngaphansi kokuqashwa okusondele kakhulu.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wowesifazane uhlangabezana noshukela ngezindlela ezihlukile. Ezinyangeni zokuqala nangaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane, owesifazane okhulelwe angazizwa ephumula, ancishiswe kumthamo we-insulin olungiselelwe.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko zehormone. Ukukhulelwa okuphakathi kwesikhathi isikhathi esinzima kunazo zonke lapho ukubonakaliswa kwezifo kungakhula futhi kuhambisane nezinkinga. Ukuthi umzimba womuntu wesifazane uziphatha kanjani ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuye ngezimpawu zakhe: ukwehla ushukela nokugxuma okubukhali kungenzeka.
Ngingakwazi yini ukuzala onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1?
Akekho onganqabela owesifazane ukuba abelethe umntwana, kodwa lapho kunezimo ezinzima, udokotela angancoma ukuthi alahle umqondo wokuba nengane noma anikele ngokuqeda ukukhulelwa uma sekuvele ukukhulelwa.Akunconywa ukuzala uma:
- umama usithuthukisa ngokushesha lesi sifo;
- ukulimala kwemithambo kuyabonakala;
- bobabili abalingani banesifo sikashukela;
- isifo sikashukela sihlanganiswa nokuba khona kwengxabano yeRhesus noma isifo sofuba.
Uma kwenziwa isinqumo sokuqeda ukukhulelwa, lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi kwamasonto ayi-12.
Esimweni lapho owesifazane esenquma ukuqhubeka nokuzala ingane yakhe, odokotela kufanele baxwayise ngazo zonke izingozi ezingaba khona.
Ungakugcina kanjani ukukhulelwa?
Umbuzo onjalo kufanelekile ukuwucubungula ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi sici, ukuzala ngempumelelo kwengane kuncike ekuziphatheni okulungile kwabazali bomama esizayo.
Njengomthetho, indlela ejwayelekile yesifo sikashukela ivela ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni.
Uma abazali besibheka ngokucophelela isimo sendodakazi yabo, balawule ushukela futhi bathathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokuyenza ngendlela evamile ngesikhathi esifanele, umzimba wentombazane uzothinteka kancane ngalesi sifo. Akudingeki nje kuphela ukuthi unakekele ingane yakho, kepha futhi uyifundise ukwenza konke okudingekayo wedwa.
Uma owesifazane ehlala ebheka izinkomba zikashukela futhi, uma kunesidingo, uthatha ukwelashwa, kuzoba lula kuye ukuthi alungiselele ukukhulelwa. Kungadingeka ukuthi uvivinywe okwengeziwe futhi uvakashele udokotela kaningi, ozonikeza izincomo ngokuhlela umndeni.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udinga ukuhlola izinga likashukela nsuku zonke, amahlandla ambalwa (malini - udokotela uzokutshela).
Kuyadingeka ukuthi udlule kuzo zonke izivivinyo ezibekiwe, ucwaningo. Ezimweni eziningi, kunconywa ukuya esibhedlela izikhathi ezintathu ngesikhathi sokubeletha ukuze ubhekwe ngokucophelela ngesimo sowesifazane, i-fetus kanye nokulungiswa kwe-insulin.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kunconywa ukuphatha i-insulin njalo, okungenani ngemithamo emincane, lokhu kususa umphumela oyingozi wesifo esibelethweni. Indlela yokuzalwa kufanele icatshangwe kusengaphambili. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela bakhetha ukuzalwa kwengane yemvelo. Uma isimo sikamama singagculisi kangako, futhi umsebenzi omncane, kufanele wenze isigaba secesare.
Isitatimende sokuthi isifo sikashukela siyinkomba yokuthi i-Caesarean ingaphezulu kwenganekwane, owesifazane angazala eyakhe ngempumelelo, uma kungekho zinkinga. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, odokotela bangaphathisa i-oxytocin ukuthi yenze ngokwejwayelekile izivumelwano zesibeletho ukwenza inqubo. Kwezinye izimo, kwenziwa i-episiotomy, esiza ingane ihambisane nomsele wokubeletha.
Ukudla okukhethekile kufanele kulandelwe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele kufake kuphela leyo mikhiqizo engafaki sandla ekukhupheni ushukela wegazi; ngakolunye uhlangothi, kudingeka imali yokudla, eqaphela zonke izidingo zikamama nengane.
Owesifazane kuzodingeka ukuthi aqaphele ngokucacile okuqukethwe kwekhalori yokudla, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele afe yindlala - ukuntuleka kwezinto ezibalulekile kuzokhulisa umphumela wesifo sikashukela emzimbeni wengane. Ukudla nsuku zonke amakhalori kanye nama-nuances okudla kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Endabeni yokukhulelwa kanye nokuzalwa kwengane ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela:
Ngakho-ke, ngowesifazane kuphela uqobo kanye nomlingani wakhe kwezocansi onganquma ukukhulelwa umntwana onesifo sikashukela. Uma umndeni ulungele ukubhekana nobunzima ngokuzala umntwana noma ukuphambuka okungenzeka empilweni yakhe, bangahlela ukukhulelwa. Ukulalelisisa okwengeziwe komuntu wesifazane empilweni yakhe lapho elungiselela nokukhulelwa ngemuva kokukhula, amathuba okuthola umntwana ophilile. Ngokwakhe, udokotela ophuthumayo uphoqelekile ukuthi atshele umama okhulelwe ngawo wonke ama-nuances futhi achaze bonke ubungozi empilweni yakhe. Uma kubhekwe isimo sowesifazane okhulelwe, ukuzala nokunakekela usana olusanda kuzalwa kuhlelwa kahle, lona wesifazane uzokwazi ukuthwala ingane ngempumelelo, futhi ingane izalwe inomonakalo omncane empilweni.
