Ukudlula nje kokujwayelekile: I-MOD-sikashukela nenkambo yayo

Isifo sikashukela esihaqekile ezinganeni, esibonakala sisebenza ngokungasebenzi kahle kwamaseli e-beta abhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, kanye nokulimala kweglucose metabolism, sibizwa ngokuthi isifo sikashukela se-modi.

Lesi sifo siyiqembu lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela, esifana nalesi sifo kanye nomgomo wefa lesifo.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela, lolu hlobo luqhubeka kalula, njengesifo sikashukela sohlobo II kumuntu omdala. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlanganisa inqubo yokuxilonga, ngoba izimpawu zayo eziphambili azihambelani nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela.

IMODY-sikashukela siyisifushaniso se- "Maturity Onset Diabetes of the young", esihumusha sisuselwa esiNgisini ngokuthi "ushukela ovuthiwe kubantu abasha", leli gama libonisa isici esiyinhloko salesi sifo. Amaphesenti abanesifo sikashukela salolu hlobo acishe abe yi-5% yenani lilonke leziguli, futhi lokhu kungabantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-70-100 kuzo zonke izigidi, kodwa empeleni amanani angaphakama kakhulu.

Izimbangela zokuvela nezinkinga ezingenzeka

Imbangela enkulu yesifo sikashukela seMODI yisici ekusebenzeni ngokufihla amaseli we-beta emaphazili, indawo okuyiyo ebizwa ngokuthi "izichibi zeLangerhans."

Isici esiyisihluthulelo sanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwalesi sifo ifa eligcwele ngengqondo, okungukuthi, ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela esizukulwaneni sesibili noma ngaphezulu kukhulisa kakhulu amathuba amafa engane yokuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo ngumntwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulesi simo, izici ezinjengesisindo somzimba, indlela yokuphila, njll. Azidlali indima nhlobo.

Iziqhingi zaseLangerhans

Uhlobo lwe-autosomal ifa lifaka ukuhanjiswa kwezimpawu ngama-chromosomes ajwayelekile, hhayi ngocansi. Ngoba isifo sikashukela se-modi sidluliselwa ngokudabukisayo ezinganeni zazo zombili ubulili. Uhlobo oluvelele lwefa libonisa ukubonakaliswa kohlobo oluvelele kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezimbili ezitholwe kubazali.

Uma uhlobo oluvelele lwalutholakala kumzali onesifo sikashukela, ingane izolidla ifa. Uma zombili izakhi zofuzo zande kabusha, khona-ke ufuzo ngeke luzuzwe njengefa. Ngamanye amazwi, ingane enesifo sikashukela se-modi inomunye wabazali noma omunye wezihlobo zayo - abanesifo sikashukela.

Ukuvimbela i-pathology akunakwenzeka: lesi sifo sibangelwa ufuzo. Isixazululo esizedlula zonke ukugwema ukukhuluphala ngokweqile. Lokhu, ngeshwa, ngeke kuvimbele ukuqala kwesifo, kodwa kuzonciphisa izimpawu futhi kubambezele ukuqhubeka kwabo.

Izinkinga ngesifo sikashukela se-MOD zingalingana ncamashi nohlobo I nesifo sikashukela II, phakathi kwazo:

• i-polyneuropathy, lapho izitho cishe zilahlekelwa ngokuphelele umuzwa wazo;
• unyawo lwesifo sikashukela;
• iziphene ezahlukahlukene ekusebenzeni kwezinso;
• ukuvela kwezilonda eziyinqwaba esikhumbeni;
• ubumpumputhe ngenxa yekashukela likashukela;
• i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela, lapho imithambo yegazi iba brittle futhi ivame ukuvaleka.

Izici ezikhethekile

Isifo sikashukela se-Modi sikashukela sinezici ezilandelayo:

• Isifo sikashukela se-Mody, njengomthetho, sitholakala kuphela eminyakeni yobusha noma eyeve eshumini nambili;
• Kungatholakala kuphela ngokwenza izivivinyo zamangqamuzana nofuzo;
• I-MOD-sikashukela inezinhlobo ezi-6;
• isakhi sofuzo esiguquliwe kwesinye isikhathi siphazamisa ukusebenza kwamanyikwe. Lapho kuthuthukiswa, kuthinta kakhulu izinso, amehlo nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi;
• lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela luhanjiswa kubazali futhi lungazuzwa njengefa ngamaphesenti angama-50;
• Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela se-modi kungahluka. Iqhaza elibalulekile ekunqumeni isu elidlalwa uhlobo lwesifo olunqunywe uhlobo lofuzo oluguqulisiwe;
• Thayipha I nesifo sikashukela sohlobo II kungumphumela wokuvela kwe-pathologies yezakhi zofuzo eziningana. I-Modi yinto yemvelo, okungukuthi, iphazamisa ukusebenza kohlobo olulodwa kuphela kweziyisishiyagalombili.

Ukulandela okulandelayo

Ngokuya ngohlobo lofuzo oluguqulisiwe, uhlobo ngalunye lwesifo sikashukela lunegama elihambelanayo: IMODY-1, IMODY-2, IMODY-3, njll.

Okuvame kakhulu yizihlobo zokuqala ezingama-3. Phakathi kwazo, isabelo sebhubesi samacala sine-subspecies ezi-3 ezitholakala ku-2/3 yeziguli.

Inani leziguli IMODY-1, ngendlela, ngumuntu oyedwa kuphela kwiziguli eziyi-100 ezinalesi sifo. Isifo sikashukela modi-2 sihambisana ne-hyperglycemia eyenziwe lula, ebikezela imiphumela emihle yeziguli. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela se-modi, esivame ukuthuthuka, lolu hlobo lunezinkomba ezithandekayo.

Ezinye izingqayizivele zesifo sikashukela azijwayelekile kangangokuba akunangqondo ukuzisho. Kuyafuneka ukuthi uqaphele iMODY-5 kuphela, efana nohlobo II lwesifo sikashukela esanele sesifundo lapho kungekho ukuthuthuka kwalesi sifo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu okubhalwe phansi kuvame ukudala i-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela - inkinga enkulu yesifo, ebonakala ngomonakalo omkhulu emithanjeni nasezicubu zezinso.

Ungabona kanjani

Ngokugula okufana nesifo sikashukela i-modi -abetes, ukuxilongwa kudinga ukuhlolwa okukhethekile komzimba, kunzima impela ukubona lesi sifo. Izimpawu ze-Modi-sikashukela zinezimpawu ezihluke kakhulu kusuka kwisifo sikashukela esaziwa kakhulu ngama-endocrinologists.

Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa zezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi amathuba okuba khona kwalesi sifo aphezulu kakhulu:

• uma isifo sikashukela se-modi sitholwa enganeni noma esakhula sineminyaka engaphansi kwengama-25 ubudala, kunengqondo ukwenza izivivinyo zofuzo, ngoba uhlobo II lwesifo sikashukela sitholakala ezimweni eziningi kubantu asebefinyelele eminyakeni engama-50;
• uma kwenzeka ukuthi izihlobo zitholwe sinesifo sikashukela, khona-ke amathuba esifo akhona, noma eqhubeka ephansi. Uma izizukulwane eziningana zazinamazinga kashukela amaningi, khona-ke amathuba okuthi isifo sikashukela sitholakale sikhulu kakhulu;
• Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela, njengomthetho, zivusa ukuzuza kwesisindo, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo II. Kodwa-ke, esimweni se-MODI-sikashukela, lokhu akutholakali;
• isikhathi sokukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwami sivame ukuhambisana ne-ketoacidosis. Ngasikhathi sinye, iphunga le-acetone livela emgodleni womlomo wesiguli, izidumbu ze-ketone zikhona emchameni, isiguli sihlala somile futhi sinezinkinga zokuchama ngokweqile. Ngokuqondene nesifo sikashukela EMODI, akukho ketoacidosis ekuqaleni kwesifo;
• uma i-glycemia index engu-120 amaminithi ngemuva kokuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose idlula u-7.8 mmol / l, khona-ke lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu kukhombisa ubukhona bokugula;
• "I-honeymoon" evamile yokugula ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka futhi ikhombisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela se-MOD. Ngokuqondene nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-I, isikhathi sokuxolelwa, njengomthetho, izinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela;
• isinxephezelo sezinga le-insulin egazini lesiguli senzeka ngokulethwa komthamo omncane kakhulu wesifo sikashukela sohlobo II esitholakele.

Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona kwezimpawu ezithile, kanye nokungatholakali kwazo, ngeke kube yisisekelo esanele nesinhloso sokwenza ukuxilongwa okulungile.

I-MOD-sikashukela ivame ukufihla ubukhona bayo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi sikhombe ukugula kuphela ngemuva kochungechunge lwezivivinyo, phakathi kwazo, ngokwesibonelo, isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngokuba khona kwama-autoantibodies kumaseli e-beta akhiqiza i-insulin, njll.

Ukwelashwa

Ekuqaleni kokukhula kwalesi sifo, kuzofaneleka ukwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile yokuzivocavoca nokudla okwenziwe udokotela ohambelayo.

Ukuzivocavoca okusebenzayo nokuzivocavoca okuphefumulayo nakho kufanelekile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njengomthetho, lokhu kunikeza imiphumela ebonakalayo.

Ezigabeni ezilandelayo zokukhula kwalesi sifo, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwemithi ekhethekile enciphisa amazinga kashukela.

Uma ukusetshenziswa kwabo kungasebenzi, khona-ke ukwelashwa kuyaqhubeka kusetshenziswa i-insulin ejwayelekile. Ikuvumela ukuthi ulawule izinga elidingekayo le-glucose egazini lesiguli kuyinto ejwayelekile.

Futhi, ngaphandle kokuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela se-Mody bangasinxephezela kalula ukuswela i-insulin, isasetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ekwelashweni kokwelashwa. Futhi kuzofanela ukufaka phakathi imikhiqizo esetshenziswayo yokudla esehlisa ushukela wegazi. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi inkambo yokwelashwa iqondene nomuntu ngamunye esimweni ngasinye! Isethwe ngudokotela oholayo onaka isigaba, ubunzima, uhlobo kanye nama-nuances alesi sifo.

Akunconyelwe ngokuphelele ukwenza izinguquko ezizimele ekudleni noma emthanjeni wezidakamizwa.

Kungaba yingozi enkulu ukufaka esifundweni izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithi yesintu noma izidakamizwa ezintsha ezinganikezwa isifundo.

Ukwanda noma ukwehla kokuzivocavoca komzimba nakho kungaba nomphumela olimazayo esimweni esivamile sesiguli nakwinkambo yesifo.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Ividiyo yokuthi siyini isifo sikashukela se-modi nokuthi selashwa kanjani:

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela luvame ukuba yisifo esenzeka impilo yonke. Umnyombo wokwelashwa uwukugcina amazinga kashukela wegazi asesimweni esiseduze nokujwayelekile. Lokhu, kwezinye izikhathi, ukwelashwa kokudla kanye nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kunganele ngokwanele. Kwesinye isikhathi ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa yilolu hlobo lwesifo kungancishiswa noma kuqedwe ngokuphelele. Kwanele ukulandela inkambo yokwelashwa esungulwe udokotela ohambayo futhi uthintane naye njalo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho kukhona noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuwohloka izinkomba noma isimo isiguli esivamile.