Isifo sikashukela kanye nokubuka komuntu kuhlangene ngokungalingani, ngoba amehlo angenye yezitho ezihlosiwe ezithintwa yisifo sikashukela. Ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme le-glucose egazini, ukunikezwa kwegazi kwendawo kuyaphazamiseka, futhi amangqamuzana izicubu awakwazi ukuthola izakhi zomzimba nomoya-mpilo ofanele. Lokhu kuholela ekulimaleni okubonakalayo kancane kancane kushukela, futhi ezimweni eziphambili kubumpumputhe.
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ziqwashise?
Isiguli sidinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile umbono kumbono wesifo sikashukela. Lapho ubheka kuqala, izimpawu ezibonakala zincane zingakhombisa ukuqala kokwephulwa okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, nganoma yikuphi ukuzwa okungajwayelekile emehlweni nasezinsolweni zohlobo oluthile lwesifo, kuyadingeka ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wezifo zamehlo engakhanjwanga. Yiziphi izibonakaliso okufanele ziqwashise umuntu? Nazi ezinye zazo:
- umswakama;
- hlisa i-acuity ebonakalayo;
- amabala ngezikhathi ezithile futhi "izimpukane";
- ukukhathala okwandayo kwe-eyeball;
- Ukufaka intambo nokuhuba;
- amehlo amile.
Izimpawu ezithile zincike ohlotsheni lwesifo olukhula esigulini. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukutholakala kalula ezifweni zamehlo kunabantu abaphilile. Ngakho-ke, izivivinyo zokuvimbela udokotela ezikulesi sigaba seziguli azinakwa.
Uma kungekho zikhalazo, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele ahlolwe udokotela okungenani izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka (kuya ngesimo se-retina)
Izici ezivusa inkanuko
Amehlo anesifo sikashukela ahlupheka ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, imbangela enkulu yezinkinga ze-ophthalmic ushukela wegazi ophezulu. Ngokuyilungisa ngokwejwayelekile, unganciphisa kakhulu ubungozi bokuthola izinkinga zokubuka. Ngemuva kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi njalo uhlole igazi nge-glucose futhi uqaphele izinga layo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici ezivusa inkanuko zingaba:
Amavithamini eziguli zesifo sikashukela- umkhuba wokufunda emakamelweni akhanyiswe kabi futhi ubambe leyo ncwadi eduze kobuso bakho;
- isiphetho sofuzo;
- ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamagajethi anamuhla kagesi anama-backlight (kuyingozi kakhulu ukufunda imininingwane evela esikrinini esikhanyayo ebumnyameni);
- ukubukela i-TV isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30 ngosuku;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezibuko zekhwalithi ephansi ngaphandle kwezihlungi ezikhethekile ze-ultraviolet.
Ukuhamba emoyeni omusha ngisho nasendaweni yelanga ayinawo umthelela oyingozi emehlweni. Kepha ukusoka ebhishi noma elangeni kungasenza sibi kakhulu isimo semikhumbi yezitho zombono. Kulokhu, umthamo wemisebe eyingozi uphezulu kakhulu, futhi esigulini sikashukela, ngokomqondo, kungcono ukungashisi ilanga ngamahora omsebenzi omkhulu welanga.
Izifo zamehlo ezinesifo sikashukela
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ziba nesifo sikashukela sikashukela kaningi kakhulu kuneziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ukuqhubeka kwesifo kuthinteka isikhathi sesifo sikashukela nesimo sengqondo sesiguli empilweni yaso.
I-retinopathy
I-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela iyindlela engathi sína yeso, ngaphandle kokulawulwa nokwelashwa kokulungiswa, ingaholela ekulimaleni okubukwayo futhi nokuba ngamehlo ngokuphelele. Akukhuli kahle, kepha kancane kancane isikhathi eside. "Isipiliyoni" sesi sifo esigcwele uma sikhulu, kokukhona sikubonisa ukonakala. Lesi sifo sikhula ngenxa yokuthi igazi kushukela wesifo sikashukela liba sobala ngokungaguquki futhi liholele ekushintsheni kwe-pathological emikhunjini emincane.
Kunezigaba ezi-3 ze-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela, ezihluka kubukhulu bezimpawu kanye nobungako bezilonda
Nge-retinopathy yokuqala (ingemuva), izinguquko ze-pathological emikhunjini ye-fundus zitholakala kuphela kuma-capillaries amancane nemithambo. Kulokhu, isiguli kungenzeka singazizwa zinezimpawu noma sikhononde nje ngokungaphatheki kahle. Uma usikhomba lesi sifo kulesi sigaba, kunamathuba onke okusinciphisa isikhathi eside usebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha ezingezona ukuhlinzwa. Into esemqoka ukufeza ukuqokwa kwe-ophthalmologist nokulawula izinga le-glucose egazini.
Isigaba esilandelayo sesi sifo i-retinopathy engalawuleki. Ngegama elithi "ukwanda" kuchazwa ukwanda kwezicubu zomzimba. Endabeni yemithambo yegazi yezitho zombono, ukwanda kuholela ekwakhekeni kwezingxenye ezintsha ezingaphansi zemikhumbi. Kulesi sigaba sesifo, izinguquko ze-pathological zithinta ingxenye ephakathi ye-retina (macula). Lesi sigaba siqukethe inani eliphezulu lama-receptors akhanyayo futhi unesibopho sokukwazi ukubona, ukufunda nokuhlukanisa imibala ngokujwayelekile. Ezitsheni ezibuthakathaka eziguqukile, amafomu egazi, angaqhuma ngokuphefumula. Ukubuyiselwa emuva kokuhlinzwa ngaphandle kwalesi sigaba cishe akunakwenzeka.
I-Proliferative retinopathy yisigaba esinzima kakhulu salesi sifo, lapho imikhumbi eminingi isivele ithathelwa indawo yi-pathology egcwele. Ama-hemorrhages amaningi nezinguquko ezibuhlungu zitholakala ku-retina, ngenxa yalokho i-acuity ebonakalayo incipha ngokushesha. Uma le nqubo ingamiswa, onesifo sikashukela angayeka ngokuphelele ukubona. I-retina ingaxebuka, njengoba emikhunjini entekenteke kunokonakala kakhulu kwesicubu somzimba.
Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kakhulu kwesilinganiso esiphansi kuya kwisifo sikashukela esibuhlungu ukulungiswa kombono we-laser. Usebenzisa le nqubo, ungaqinisa imithambo yegazi futhi wenze ukuhamba kwegazi kube okujwayelekile ezindaweni ezithintekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ngokulungiswa kwe-laser, asikho isidingo sokuthola esibhedlela; kuthatha usuku olungu-1 ngesikhathi nazo zonke izinqubo zokulungiselela.
I-Cataract
Ama-Cataralog awumonakalo wezitho zombono, ngenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile i-lens crystalline iba namafu futhi iyeke ukukhanya okuvamile. Ngenxa yalokhu, amandla weso lokubona ngokuphelele alahleka kancane kancane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ama-cataracts aholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kombono. Imvamisa, lesi sifo senzeka ezigulini ezineminyaka ephakathi nendawo nabadala abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Kepha ama-Cataralog nawo angenzeka kubantu abasha abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme le-glucose egazini, isimo semithambo yegazi siya ngokuya sikhula minyaka yonke, futhi lesi sifo sikhula ngokushesha.
Ezigabeni zokuqala zekhathaza, ungazama ukuyiyeka ngosizo lwamaconsi wamehlo. Benza ngcono ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi bavuselele inkambo ekhudlwana yazo zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic kwizixhobo ze-ocular.
Amehlo esifo sikashukela adinga umswakama owengeziwe, ukunakekelwa nesimo sengqondo esihle
Kukhona amaconsi wamehlo angasetjenziswa ukuvikela ikhathaza futhi kuthuthukiswe umqubuko wethishu wezindawo zezinto zokusebenza ze-ocular. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu zekhathalogi esezingeni eliphakeme, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokugcina amehlo kuyinto yokufakelwa lens.
Glaucoma
I-Glaucoma ingukunyuka kwengcindezi ye-intraocular. Njengokomkhuhlane, lokhu kugula kungakhula ngisho nakubantu asebekhulile abangaguli nesifo sikashukela, ngenxa yezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala. Kepha lesi sifo siholela ekuqhubekeni ngokushesha kwe-glaucoma kanye nezinkinga ezinkulu. Amaconsi ekwelapheni i-glaucoma awakwazi ukusetshenziselwa izinhloso ze-prophylactic futhi ngisho nangaphezulu ukuze uzinikeze wena. Iningi lale mishanguzo inemiphumela emibi emibi, ngakho-ke udokotela wezamehlo oqeqeshiwe kuphela ongabancoma.
Ngenxa yokucindezela okukhulu, i-opic nerve ibhekana nezinguquko ze-pathological. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi umbono ngesifo sikashukela uwohloka ngokushesha. Kwesinye isikhathi isiguli kwesinye isikhathi singalahlekelwa yizinkambu ezibukwayo futhi kungenzeka sibhebhethekise amandla okubona kusuka eceleni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-glaucoma iholela ekungaboni. Ukuvimbela lokhu, iziguli ezinalokhu kutholakala kwezifo kufanele zihlolisiswe udokotela futhi zilandele izincomo zakhe.
Ukuvimbela
Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukukugwema ngokuphelele ukuvela kwezinkinga zamehlo ezinesifo sikashukela. Ngokwezinga elithile noma kwesinye, lesi sifo sithinta ukubonwa ngenxa yamazinga kashukela ongejwayelekile. Kepha kusenokwenzeka ukunciphisa kancane futhi kubambezise ukubonakaliswa kwamehlo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele:
- qaphela njalo futhi ugcine amazinga kashukela egxile kuye;
- khawulela isikhathi somsebenzi nekhompyutha, ithebhulethi kanye nomakhalekhukhwini;
- funda izincwadi namaphephandaba ngokukhanya okuhle (hhayi ukulala embhedeni);
- phuza umuthi obekwe udokotela ngesikhathi futhi ungazilungisi ngokwakho;
- namathela ekudleni okulinganiselayo.
Ukudla kuhlobene ngqo nesimo sezitho zombono nenhlala-kahle yomuntu. Ngokulandela ukudla okunconyiwe, izinguquko ezingaphenduki ku-glucose egazini zingagwenywa. Izinga loshukela oluzinzile yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuvimbela izinkinga zesifo sikashukela, kubandakanya nezitho zombono.
