Ngabe yini ushukela wegazi?

Umzimba womuntu uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lokuxhumana phakathi komsebenzi wezitho nezinhlelo, okukhonjiswa ukugeleza kwezinqubo eziningi ezibalulekile. I-glucose yingxenye eyinhloko yalolu hlelo, enikeza amaseli nezicubu ngamandla. Kunezimo ze-pathological lapho inqubo yokulawula amanani kashukela egazini iphazamiseka. Lokhu kudala ukukhula kwezifo. Okulandelayo kubhekwe ukuthi yini okufanele ibe yinto evamile kashukela wegazi, okungaholela ekushintsheni kwalezizinkomba nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokushintsha kumuntu okhulile nengane.

Yini i-glucose futhi yini imisebenzi yayo

IGlucose (ushukela) iyi-carbohydrate elula engena emzimbeni womuntu ngokudla. Kuyadingeka ukuze impilo yomuntu yenzeke ngokugcwele. Iningi labantu abangaqondi ubunzima be-physiology bakholelwa ukuthi i-glucose ibangela kuphela iqoqo lomzimba we-pathological, kodwa akunjalo. Umuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi ushukela yinto engabalulekanga enikeza amaseli amandla.

Ngemuva kokuthi ukudla sekudliwe, ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi (ama-saccharides) aqhekeka phansi ama-carbohydrate alula (isb. I-fructose ne-galactose). Ushukela ungena egazini futhi uthwalwa emzimbeni wonke.

Ingxenye isetshenziselwa izidingo zamandla, kanti okunye kufakwa emangqamuzaneni emisipha nezicubu ze-adipose ezilondoloziwe. Ngemuva kokuba inqubo yokugaya isiqediwe, izindlela ezibucayi ziqala, phakathi lapho ama-lipids ne-glycogen eguqulwa abe ushukela. Ngakho-ke, umuntu uhlala enenkambiso yoshukela wegazi.

Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-glucose:

• ubamba iqhaza emzimbeni;
• isekela amandla omzimba wokusebenza ezingeni elifanele;
• inikeza amandla kumaseli nezicubu zobuchopho, okudingeka ukusekela inkumbulo enhle, ukunakwa, imisebenzi yokuqonda;
• kuvusa ukusebenza kwemisipha yenhliziyo;
• inikeza ukugcwaliswa okusheshayo;
• isekela isimo sokusebenza kwengqondo ngokwengqondo, isuse umthelela omubi wezimo ezicindezelayo;
• ubamba iqhaza ezinqubweni zokuvuselelwa kwezinto zemisipha;
• Isiza isibindi inactivate izinto ezinobuthi nezinobuthi.

Inqubo ye-glucose engena kumaseli womzimba

Ngaphezu komphumela omuhle, i-glucose nayo ingaba nomthelela ongemuhle ekusebenzeni kwezitho nezinhlelo zomzimba. Lokhu kuhlotshaniswa nezinguquko zesikhathi eside se-pathological enanini likashukela egazini.

Imiphumela emibi ifaka phakathi:

• iqoqo lesisindo somzimba we-pathological;
• ukwenzeka kwezinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi;
• ukulayisha ngokweqile kwe-pancreatic;
• ukubonakaliswa komzimba;
• ukwanda kwe-cholesterol yegazi;
• ushintsho esimweni sesicubu senhliziyo;
• ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi;
• ushintsho esimweni se-fundus.

Ushukela wegazi (okujwayelekile)

Ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile awuxhomekile ebulilini, ungahluka kancane kuye ngeqembu leminyaka. Kumuntu omdala, izinga le-3.33-5.55 mmol / L lithathwa njengelilungile.

Ezinganeni, izinombolo ziphansi kancane. Ingane yasenkulisa ibhekwa njengephilile uma izinga layo loshukela lingaphezu kwe-5 mmol / l, kepha ngasikhathi sinye akufanele yehle futhi ibe ngaphansi kuka-3,2 mmol / l. Isimo esivumelekile sikashukela wegazi kuze kube unyaka asikho ngaphansi kuka-2.8 mmol / l, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-4.4 mmol / l.

Kunesimo esibizwa nge-prediabetes. Lesi isikhathi lapho kutholakala khona isisungu sesifo sikashukela. Okwamanje, izibalo ezinoshukela wegazi zingaphezu kwesejwayelekile, kepha azikeneli ukuthola isifo "esimnandi." Ithebula elilandelayo libonisa ubudala be-glycemia eqondene nobudala be-prediabetes (mmol / L).

Glucose wegazi weVenous

Imvelo yoshukela wegazi ovela emthanjeni ihluke kancane, ngakho-ke kungcono uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe akwazi ukuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Abantu bethuka uma bebona amanani aphezulu bese bezitholela bona uqobo.

Isimo se-pathological lapho isifo sikashukela sitholakala sibhekwa njengezinombolo ngaphezulu kwe-7.1 mmol / L. Izinga le-glycemia phakathi kwalesi sikhombisi nesimo esivumelekile singakhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-prediabetes.

Igazi leVenous - into yemvelo yokuhlonza isimo somzimba

Ukuxilongwa kwe-glucose

Ushukela ojwayelekile noma ushintsho lwezinombolo zalo kunqunywa kusetshenziswa izivivinyo zaselebhu. Kunezindlela eziningana, ngayinye yazo enezinkomba zayo.

Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo

Le ndlela yokuhlola ngeke ikhombise inombolo ye-saccharide, kepha izokuqinisekisa noma iphike ubukhona besimo se-pathological. Ngosizo lokuhlaziya emtholampilo, ungalinganisa ukusebenza kwamaseli egazi, isimo sokuqubuka kwegazi, izinga lokugcwala komzimba nge-oxygen ne-iron.

Ushukela wegazi

Izimpawu zoshukela omncane wegazi

Ukuxilongwa, bathatha igazi le-capillary kusuka emunweni. Umphumela ulungile ngosuku olulandelayo ngemuva kokuthatha impahla. Okufanele kube ushukela wegazi kulokhu kuhlaziywa kuchazwe ngenhla. Imininingwane efanele itholakala kuphela uma isiguli silungele ukuhlolwa:

• ukwenqatshwa kokudla amahora angama-8 ngaphambi kokuxilongwa;
• akunakwenzeka ukuphuza itiye, ikhofi, amajusi ngosuku lokufaka isampula impahla (kuphela amanzi avumelekile);
• Musa ukuxubha amazinyo akho futhi usebenzise itshungama ngaphambi kokuhlolwa;
• Amahora angama-24 wokuyeka utshwala kanye nemithi (ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela).

I-Biochemistry

Ngokusebenzisa lokhu kuhlaziywa, izinga le-glucose esegazini le-venous linqunywa. Kwenziwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• izivivinyo zonyaka zokuvimbela;
• isisindo se-pathological;
• izifo ze-endocrine;
• izimpawu ze-hyper- noma i-hypoglycemia;
• ukubonwa kweziguli ukuze kutholakale ukuphumelela kokwelashwa.

Ukucaciswa kokubekezelelana

Le ndlela yokuxilonga isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa isifo sikashukela noma uhlobo 2 sikashukela. Kwenziwa nokuthi ikhulelwe engxenyeni yesibili yokuzala ingane.

Funda kabanzi ngesilinganiso sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kule ndatshana.

Kunezimo lapho amaseli womzimba elahlekelwa khona ukuzwela kwawo ku-insulin (i-hormone yamanyikwe, okudingeka ukwabiwa okufanele kwe-glucose emzimbeni). Umphumela uba yindlala yamandla nokwanda kokufundwa koshukela.

Indlela yokuxilonga iqukethe iqiniso lokuthi isiguli sinamasampula kusuka emthanjeni noma emunweni, khona-ke isixazululo esiphundu esuselwa eglucose sinikezwa ukuphuza. Ngemuva kwesilinganiso esithile sesikhathi, okuqukethwe kubuye kuthathwe. Linganisa ukuthi ushukela wawungakanani ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umuthi nangemva kwawo.

Isimo esijwayelekile kanye nemiphumela yokwelashwa kwemiphumela yokuhlola ingezansi kutafula.

Ukuthola imiphumela yohlolo lokubekezelela ushukela

IGlycosylated hemoglobin

Amanani kashukela egazini kubantu abadala nasezinganeni angabalwa hhayi ku-mmol / l kuphela, kodwa futhi ngamaphesenti. Lokhu kusebenza ekuhlolweni kwe-glycosylated hemoglobin. Isikhombi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlola i-glycemia evamile yesifundo kwikota yokugcina.

Ngabe ukukhula kweshukela akubhekwa njenge-pathology nini?

Kunezimo eziningana lapho i-glycemia eyengeziwe ingasho ukuthi umuntu uyagula ngokuthile. Lokhu kukwanda okubizwa ngokuthi ukwanda kokusebenza komzimba. Kubhekwa njengenqubo yesikhashana futhi kubangelwa isenzo sezinto eziningi zangaphakathi nezangaphandle:

• ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba;
• izimo ezicindezelayo;
• ukuthatha ishawa epholile;
• ukubhema
• ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal;
• isimo sangaphambi kokukhubazeka;
• ukudla.

Ungafunda okuningi ngesilinganiso sikashukela wegazi ngemuva kokudla kule ndatshana.

Ngabe udinga kangaki ukuhlola ushukela?

Lonke inani labantu kufanele lihlolwe (izivivinyo zezokwelashwa) kanye ngonyaka. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho kudingeka khona ukuthi uphumelele izivivinyo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikho yini izimo zokuhamba.

Uma umuntu enesifo sikashukela, lokhu akunjalo. Iziguli zithola i-glucometer yokusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye ekhaya. Le divayisi ikuvumela ukukala izinga le-glycemia ngokusebenzisa ithonsi legazi ku-strip ekhethekile yokuhlola ephathwa nge-reagents yamakhemikhali.

Ekuqaleni, isiguli kwesinye isikhathi kufanele sithathe izilinganiso. Njengomthetho, lokhu kwenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokudla, ngaphambi nangemva kwemidlalo, nomuzwa wendlala enkulu nobusuku.

I-Glucometer - idivaysi ephathekayo evumela ukuthi wena ugcine izinkomba ze-glycemia ilawulwa

Kubalulekile! Kamuva, abanesifo sikashukela bathatha izilinganiso ngokuya ngemizwa yomuntu siqu. Kodwa noma usesimweni sesinxephezelo, kungakuhle ukuthi uhlole izinkomba okungenani izikhathi ezi-3 ngesonto.

Izimpawu zokushintsha kweshukela

Ukwanda okubucayi noma ukuncipha koshukela wegazi kubhekwa njenge-pathology okumele ilashwe.

I-Hypoglycemia

Lokhu kwehla kungaphansi komkhawulo owamukelekayo. Ingakhula kancane, ihambisane nezimpawu ezithile ezithile, noma ngokushesha, iqhubeke ngesimo se-hypoglycemic coma.

Kuvela ngokuhambisana nale mibandela elandelayo:

• ukomisa okubalulekile;
• ukukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrate ekudleni;
• ukuphuza ngokweqile kwamaphilisi we-insulin noma ama-antidiabetesic;
• ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba;
• ukuya esikhathini kubantu besifazane;
• ukuntuleka kwe-adrenal cortex homone;
• ukuba khona kwe-insulinomas;
• ukwelashwa okukhulu kokufakwa.

Iziguli zikhononda ngokujuluka, umuzwa wokushaya kwenhliziyo okungalingani, ukuthuthumela kwemisipha, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Kukhona umuzwa we-pathological wendlala, ukuguga, ukubonakaliswa kwe-dyspeptic.

Ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa kubonakaliswa ukwephulwa kokukhumbula esikhaleni nesikhathi, i-cephalalgia, isiyezi, kanye noshintsho ekuzwelweni kwesikhumba. Ukwebiwa kwesithuthwane, ukozela, okuphenduka ukoma (uma kungekho ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi kwezokwelapha), kuyaphawulwa.

Izimpawu zesimo se-hypoglycemic kumele zihlukaniswe namanye ama-pathologies

Basho nge-hypoglycemia uma izinga likashukela emadodeni lehla laya ku-2.8 mmol / l, nakwabesifazane - kuye ku-2.3 mmol / l.

Ungafunda kabanzi ngesimo soshukela wegazi kubantu besifazane kule ndatshana.

I-Hyperglycemia

Kubonakala ngezinga eliphakeme le-glycemia, izinombolo zazo ezinquma ubukhulu besimo se-pathological. Izinga eliphansi liyakhula ngezinkomba ezingekho ngaphezulu kwe-8.3 mmol / L, amanani we-10.5 mmol / L ajwayelekile ukwehla ngokulingana.

Izici ze-etiology ze-hyperglycemia zingaba:

• isifo sikashukela mellitus;
• bulimia
• ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwemithi (ama-hormone, ama-diuretics, ama-antidepressants, ama-cytostatics);
• ukucindezela

Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hyperglycemia inani elandayo lomchamo, ukoma ngokweqile kanye nokuqina komile we-mucous membrane, ukunciphisa isisindo. Iziguli zikhononda ngokulunywa kwesikhumba, imivimbo, kunciphe i-acuity ebonakalayo.

Izindlela zokulungisa amazinga kashukela

Uma kusobala ukuthi amazinga kashukela omuntu ehle kakhulu, vele ulume ukudla okuthile okunama-carbohydrate asheshayo kuwo. Kungaba muffin, ushukela ocolisisiwe, ushokoledi, itiye elimnandi, uju noma ujamu.

Ngemuva kokuthuthukisa inhlala-kahle yakho, kungcono ukubonana nodokotela onguchwepheshe ezohlolwa ezengeziwe. Uma kungekho zinkinga ezivela ohlelweni lwe-endocrine, kufanelekile ukucabanga ngama-psychosomatics. Muva nje, kube nezimo eziningi ezicindezelayo ezithinta kabi impilo yabantu, ikakhulukazi, isimo se-glycemia. Lokhu kuboniswa iqiniso lokuthi amazinga kashukela egazini kumuntu ophile kahle ancipha kakhulu.

Kubalulekile! Ukulungiswa, izidakamizwa nama-tranquilizer anqunyelwe.

Udokotela uchwepheshe ofanelekayo ozonquma imbangela yezinguquko kwi-glycemia

Izinombolo zikashukela eziphezulu nazo zidinga ukulungiswa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:

• ukudla okuvamile okufakwayo;
• ukwenqaba ukudla okusheshayo, okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, nokudla okubhemayo;
• umsebenzi womzimba kufanele ube khona, kepha ngokulinganisa;
• gwema ukulamba, ukuze lokhu kube nokudla okulula okuphethwe (isibonelo, izithelo ezithile, amakhukhi amabhisikidi, kefir);
• ukudla okwanele koketshezi emzimbeni;
• ukuqaphela njalo kwezinkomba zikashukela (ekhaya noma esimeni esikhishwa ngaphandle);
• yehlisa umphumela wokuxineka.

Ukuhambisana nezincomo kuzosiza ukugcina izinkomba ze-glucose ngaphakathi kohlaka olwemukelekayo, okubaluleke kakhulu phambi kwezimo ze-pathological. Izinyathelo ezinjalo zingafinyelela isinxephezelo kwezifo futhi zivikele ukukhula kwezinkinga.