Isifo sikashukela yi-endocrine pathology lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukwenza kahle izinqubo ze-metabolic, unikeze amaseli nezicubu ngamandla. Lesi sifo sisuselwa ku-hyperglycemia (ushukela wegazi ophakeme). Isimo senzeka ngenxa yokuthi ama-pancreas akakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele noma amaseli omzimba alahlekelwa umuzwa wawo ngale hormone.
Lokhu okulandelayo izimiso zokulungiswa kokudla okunempilo, isibonelo semenyu yangesonto, izindlela ezihlwabusayo nezilula zabantu abagulayo.
Indima yokondleka koshukela
Ngokuqalwa kwesifo "esimnandi", umzimba awukwazi ukucubungula ama-carbohydrate ngokugcwele. Lapho kuqhubeka ukugaya, ngama-carbohydrate (ama-saccharides) aqhekezwe ama-monosaccharides, nawo i-glucose nayo ingeyawo. Umuthi awungenisi amaseli nezicubu ngevolumu edingekayo, kepha uhlala ngamanani amakhulu egazini.
Lapho i-hyperglycemia ikhula, ama-pancreas athola isibonakaliso mayelana nesidingo sokukhipha i-insulin ukuhambisa ushukela ezitokisini. Uma i-insulin ingekhiqizwanga ngokwanele, sikhuluma ngohlobo 1 lwesifo. Ngokulahleka kokuzwela kwento esebenzayo yama-hormone, lesi simo sisho uhlobo lwe-2 yezifo zengqondo.
I-Hyperglycemia - inkomba edinga ukulungiswa kushukela
Amaprotheni namafutha nawo angabamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni kwe-glucose emzimbeni, kepha lokhu sekuvele kwenzekile ukubuyisa amazinga kashukela ngemuva kokuba esehlakazekile emzimbeni. Ngokwalokho okungenhla, kungaphethwa ngokuthi ukuze izinga loshukela wegazi lingakhuphuki liye kumazinga abucayi, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa inani lokudla kwalo emzimbeni.
Ukudla okune-carb ephansi kungasisiza kanjani isifo sikashukela?
Kwenziwe izifundo zemitholampilo eziqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwemigomo yokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate phakathi kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Inhloso yokudla okunempilo kanjena:
- ukwehla komthwalo kumanyikwe;
- ukuzwela okwengeziwe kwamangqamuzana nezicubu zomzimba ku-insulin;
- gcina amazinga kashukela ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo;
- ukuphatha isisindo, ukunciphisa kwayo uma kunesidingo;
- ukuhlanza imithambo yegazi ye-cholesterol eyeqile;
- ukusekelwa kwengcindezi yegazi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile;
- ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinso, imithambo yegazi, i-fundus, uhlelo lwezinzwa.
Ukuqala kuphi?
Ukudla okuphansi kwe-carb yesifo sikashukela kudinga indlela efanelekile nokulungiselela. Odinga ukukwenza:
- Thintana nodokotela wakho we-endocrinologist ngokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani kahle futhi nokuthi ubale umthamo wakho we-insulin. Udinga ukwazi ukwenza lokhu ukuze ukhethe inani lomuthi ngokuya ngemenyu ngayinye.
- Iba ne-glucometer ekhona ukuze kucaciswe ngesikhathi samazinga kashukela nokunye okumnandi ukuvimba ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia ngesikhathi.
- Ochwepheshe kufanele bazijwayeze ne-glycemia emasontweni ambalwa edlule. Njengomthetho, eduze nezinombolo, iziguli zikhombisa ukuthi zidleni, izinga lomsebenzi womzimba, ukuba khona kwezifo ezihlangene. Konke lokhu kubalulekile!
- Udokotela ubuye acacisele ukuthi ngabe kukhona izinkinga ezivele kwisiguli noma cha.
I-Endocrinologist - uchwepheshe ozokusiza ukhethe imenyu yomuntu ngamunye
Ngokusekelwe kuzo zonke izinkomba lezi, i-endocrinologist izosiza ukupenda imenyu isonto lonke, ihlole umsebenzi ongase ube khona ngokomzimba, futhi wenze ukulungiswa kokulashwa kwezidakamizwa.
Kungadliwa i-carbohydrate engakanani
Lo mbuzo uthathwa ngokuthi "inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili". Ososayensi bokucwaninga baqinisekisile ukwehla kwe-glycemia, isisindo somzimba kanye nezinye izinkomba zesifo sikashukela nokudla okulinganiselwe kwe-Saccharides kuya ku-30 g ngosuku. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe abaningi bathi ekudleni kwansuku zonke kufanele okungenani kube nama-70 g wama-carbohydrate.
Ochwepheshe bezempilo baphethe ngokuthi isibalo esiqondile sama-carbohydrate okufanele afakwe kwimenyu yansuku zonke asikho. Kukhethiwe icala ngalinye lomtholampilo ngamunye, kususelwa kumaphuzu alandelayo:
- ubulili nobudala besiguli;
- isisindo somzimba
- izinkomba zikashukela esiswini esingenalutho nangemva kwemizuzu engama-60-120 ngemuva kokufakwa kokudla emzimbeni.
Imikhiqizo Evinjelwe
Ukudla okune-carb ephansi kwabanesifo sikashukela kususelwa ekuhlukaniseni konke ukudla kube amaqembu amathathu amakhulu: kuvunyelwe, kuvinjelwe nokudla okungafakwa kwimenyu yomuntu ngamunye, kepha ngobuningi obunqunyelwe.
Ithebula libonisa imikhiqizo okudingeka uyilinganisele ngangokunokwenzeka ekudleni.
| Iqembu | Abamele Abalulekile |
| I-Flour ne-pasta | Isinkwa ne-muffin kusuka kufulawa webanga lokuqala neliphezulu, i-pasta, i-puff khekhe |
| Izifundo zokuqala | I-Borsch kanye nesobho ku-ingulube noma umhluzi wezinhlanzi onamafutha, izifundo zokuqala zobisi ngama-noodle |
| Inyama namasoseji | Ingulube, idada, ihansi, amasosi abhemayo, amasoseji e-salami |
| Inhlanzi | Izinhlobo ezinamafutha, i-caviar, izinhlanzi ezibhemayo nezinosawoti, izinhlanzi ezikheniwe |
| Imikhiqizo yobisi | Ukhilimu omuncu ophezulu, ukhilimu owenziwe ekhaya, i-yogurt yokunambitha, ushizi osawoti |
| Izihlobo | I-Semka, irayisi emhlophe (umkhawulo) |
| Izithelo nemifino | Izaqathe abilisiwe, ama-beet abilisiwe, amakhiwane, amagilebhisi, izinsuku, omisiwe |
| Eminye imikhiqizo nezitsha | Amasoso, i-horseradish, lwesinaphi, utshwala, iziphuzo ezinekhabhoni, ulamula |
Imikhiqizo evunyelwe
Isiguli akufanele sesabe ukuthi inani elithile lemikhiqizo kumele lilinganiselwe. Kukhona uhla olukhulu lokudla oluvunyelwe lwe-carb oluzonikeza abantu abanesifo sikashukela ngazo zonke izinto ezidingekayo, amavithamini nezinto zokulandela umkhondo.
| Iqembu | Abamele Abalulekile |
| Isinkwa nofulawa | Isinkwa esuselwa kufulawa webanga lesibili, i-rye, ene-bran. Ukufakwa kukafulawa ekudleni kuvunyelwe ngaphansi kwesimo sokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwesinkwa |
| Izifundo zokuqala | Ama-borscht nemifino, isobho lamakhowe, isobho lenyama, inyama enamafutha amancane nomhluzi wezinhlanzi |
| Imikhiqizo yenyama | Inyama yenkomo, inyama yenkomo, inkukhu, unogwaja, ikalikuni |
| Izinhlanzi nezinhlanzi zasolwandle | I-Crupian carp, i-pike perch, i-trout, i-pollock, zonke izinhlobo zokudla kwasolwandle |
| Ukudla okulula | Isaladi yemifino ehlanzekile, i-vinaigrette, i-zucchini caviar, i-sauerkraut, ama-apula afakwe emanzini, i-herring emanzi |
| Imifino | Konke ngaphandle kwamazambane abilisiwe, izaqathi kanye nama-beet (kukhawulelwe) |
| Izithelo | Ama-apricots, ama-cherries, ama-cherries, imango no-kiwis, uphayinaphu |
| Ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi | I-Kefir, ushizi wekotishi onamafutha amancane no-ukhilimu omuncu, ubisi olubilisiwe olubilisiwe, ubisi omuncu |
| Eminye imikhiqizo | Amakhowe, izinongo, okusanhlamvu, ibhotela (kufika ku-40 g ngosuku) |
| Iziphuzo | Amanzi amaminerali ngaphandle kwegesi, itiye, i-compote, isiphuzo sezithelo, itiye le-herbal |
Yini ethinta ukukhetha kwemikhiqizo?
Lapho udala imenyu eyodwa, onesifo sikashukela kufanele abheke izinkomba eziningi:
- Inkomba ye-glycemic ilingana ledigital ekhombisa ukuthi lingakanani izinga likashukela esegazini likhuphuka ngemuva kokudla umkhiqizo owodwa noma komunye.
- Inkomba ye-insulin iyinkomba ekhombisa ukuthi ingakanani i-hormone edingekayo ukubuyisela izinombolo ze-glycemic emazingeni ajwayelekile ngemuva kokudla umkhiqizo noma indishi ethile.
- Inani lokudla okunempilo ngumqondo okhombisa izakhiwo eziwusizo zomkhiqizo lapho uhlinzeka umzimba ngamandla.
Kubalulekile ukucubungula ukwelashwa okushisa ngesikhathi sokupheka, ngoba kungathinta ukusebenza kwama-indices we-glycemic. Njengomthetho, amanani we-GI emifino eluhlaza nezithelo aphansi kunawabilisiwe, abhakwe noma afakiwe. Isiguli kufanele sikucabangele lokhu lapho kubalwa umthamo we-insulin okhishwe.
Ukwelashwa kokudla sikashukela - akunakuba lusizo kuphela, kepha futhi kunambitha
Imithetho yokulungiswa kwamandla
Ukuze iziguli zithole inani elifanele lezinto eziwusizo, kodwa zingalimazi imizimba yazo, kumele kulandelwe le mithetho elandelayo:
Ukuthi udlani ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2- Ukudla kufanele kube njalo futhi ngezingxenye ezincane (izikhathi ezine kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngosuku). Kuyalulekwa ukuthi udle ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kuvusa ukusebenza kahle kwamanyikwe.
- Inani lama-carbohydrate adliwayo kufanele ahlukaniswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwakho konke ukudla okuyinhloko.
- Ikhalori yansuku zonke ebalwa udokotela ohamba yedwa. Isifo sikashukela esinesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-2600-2800 kcal.
- Ukweqa ukudla, kanye nokudla ngokweqile, akuvunyelwe nakancane.
- Kuyadingeka ukulahla utshwala, ukunciphisa ukubhema, ukufuthwa, ukudla okunosawoti.
- Okuthandwayo kunikezwa ezitsheni ezihlosiwe, ezibhakiwe, ezitshiwe, ezitshiwe.
Izindlela zokudla ezifanele
Iningi labanesifo sikashukela banesifiso sokuthi baqaphela kanjani ukuthi ukwelashwa kokudla kuyasiza ngempela. Ukusebenza kahle kuzoqinisekiswa izinkomba ezilandelayo:
- impilo enhle;
- ukungabikho kwendlala ye-pathological futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubunzima besisu ngemuva kokudla;
- ukunciphisa umzimba;
- ukulungiswa kwengcindezi yegazi;
- i-normalization ye-lipid metabolism (cholesterol, triglycerides);
- izinkomba zokuzila ze-glycemia ezingaphansi kuka-5.5 mmol / l;
- ushukela izibalo amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla ngaphansi kwama-6.8 mmol / l;
- izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated engaphansi kuka-6.5%.
Imenyu yosuku
Ukuthuthukiswa kokudla okuphansi kwe-carb kwabanesifo sikashukela kungaphathwa hhayi kuphela nge-endocrinologist, kodwa futhi ngudokotela wezondlo owazi ngezici zecala elithile lomtholampilo.
Isibonelo semenyu eyodwa:
- ibhulakufesi - iqanda lezinkukhu elibilisiwe noma izigwaca eziningana, isinkwa nebhotela, itiye;
- umthamo ongunombolo 1 - ingilazi kajikijolo;
- isidlo sasemini - i-borsch, i-millet porridge, i-turkey fillet, i-compote;
- isidlo No. 2 - i-orange;
- ukudla kwakusihlwa - ukudla okusajingijolo, imifino ethosiwe, isinkwa, isiphuzo sezithelo;
- umthamo No. 3 - ingilazi ye-kefir, amakhukhi owomile.
Ukudla okudingayo kumele kube ekudleni kwansuku zonke kwesifo sikashukela.
Amaresiphi wesifo sikashukela
Ithebula lokudla likashukela lifaka ukulungiswa kwalezo zitsha ezinenkomba ephansi ye-glycemic, kepha ngasikhathi sinikeze umzimba inani elanele lemithombo yamandla, amavithamini, izakhi zokulandela umkhondo.
Amakhekhe ezinhlanzi
Izithako ezilandelayo kumele zilungiselelwe:
- Ama-300 g fillet of pollock;
- I-100 g yesinkwa (ungasebenzisa isinkwa sikakolweni webanga lesibili);
- 25 g ibhotela;
- 1/3 inkomishi yobisi;
- I-anyanisi eyi-1.
Isinkwa kufanele sifakwe obisini, sithwetshiwe bese sithathwa u-anyanisi. Dlulisa konke kanye nezinhlanzi nge-grinder yenyama. Faka inyama egayiwe, engeza i-pepper emhlabathini encane. Amabhola amafomu, umusi. Lapho ukhonza, ungahlobisa ngemifino.
Ama-cutlet we-Fish fillet ngeke ahlobise hhayi kuphela kwansuku zonke, kodwa futhi netafula lemikhosi
Ama-pancake e-Blueberry rye
Izithako zesitsha:
- iqanda lenkukhu - ama-2 ama-PC .;
- imbiza ye-stevia - 2 g;
- ushizi wekotishi - 150 g;
- ama-blueberries - 150 g;
- usawoti - 1 tsp;
- ingcosana kasawoti;
- amafutha emifino - 3 tbsp. l.;
- i-rye ufulawa - izinkomishi ezi-2.
Kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ukumnika okumnandi kwe-stevia. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uthele utshani engilazini yamanzi abilayo bese ushiya ingxenye yesine yehora. Amaqanda, ushizi we-cottage ushizi ne-stevia kuxutshwe esitsheni esihlukile. Kokunye, usawoti nefulawa ye-rye. Ngemuva kwalokho lezi zinto ezihlanganisiwe zihlanganisiwe, kufakwa i-soda, amafutha emifino namajikijolo. Hlanganisa ngobumnene. Inhlama isilungele ukubhaka.
Ikholifulawa Zrazy
Izithako
- ukholifulawa - inhloko eyi-1;
- ufulawa - 4 tbsp. l.;
- amafutha emifino - 3 tbsp. l.;
- ingcosana kasawoti;
- anyanisi oluhlaza;
- iqanda lenkukhu - 1 pc.
Ukudla okune-carb ephansi kungahlukahluka futhi kube nempilo.
Hlikihla ikhanda leklabishi libe izicucu, ubilise emanzini anosawoti ikota yehora. Imifino eqediwe idinga ukuchobozwa, ihlanganiswe nefulawa nosawoti. Beka eceleni isigamu sehora. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubilise iqanda, ulinqume uhlanganise no-anyanisi oqoshiwe.
Ama-cutlets enziwa esigaxeni seklabishi, ukugcwaliswa kweqanda-anyanisi kusongwe ngaphakathi. Roll the zrazy in ufulawa. Ngemuva kwalokho kuphekwe epanini noma kuhhavini.
Kubalulekile! Ukwenza umkhiqizo udle, udinga ukusebenzisa ufulawa welayisi.
Ukudla kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela. Lokhu akuvumeli kuphela ukuvimba ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesifo, kodwa futhi nokugcina ikhwalithi yempilo yesiguli ezingeni eliphakeme.
