Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuyindlela ethembeke kunazo zonke yokuthola isifo sikashukela esigulini. Ngokubheka le nto ukugcwala kwe-glucose, singasho ngokunembile ukuthi hlobo luni lokugula olwenzeka emzimbeni wesiguli nokuthi sinzima kangakanani isimo somtholampilo, noma sinqume ukuthi umuntu unakho yini ukuthambekela kwesifo sikashukela.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola ushukela wegazi kuyindlela yokuxilonga ebaluleke kakhulu ezimweni zesifo sikashukela esisolwayo.
Umqondo wenkomba ye-glycemic
Inkomba ye-glycemic index (GI) izinga lapho ama-carbohydrate afakwa egazini, kanye nezinga lapho lenyusa khona izinga likashukela emzimbeni.
Isikali se-GI siqukethe amayunithi ayi-100. Lapho iphakama inkomba yomkhiqizo, isheshe inikeze amandla ayo emzimbeni nakokuphambene nalokho, inciphise inkomba, ibuye idle kancane ukudla.
Lesi sikali sibaluleke kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela esidinga ukubheka njalo ushukela wegazi labo futhi sinqande ukuvela okungazelelwe.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi bekungukudla okuqukethe i-glycemic index ephakathi nephansi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ubeka engcupheni yokudla ngokweqile ngenxa yemizwa engapheli yendlala, ukubukeka kwayo okucasulwa ama-carbohydrate asheshayo, futhi ekuseni ukuthola ukugxuma okubukhali kushukela.
Ngenxa yalokhu, uma unezinkinga nge-carbohydrate metabolism, umphumela otholakala ngemuva kokuhlolwa uzoba semngceleni noma ophakanyisiwe.
Izindinganiso zokuhlaziywa kwe-biochemical kwegazi likashukela
Ukunquma isimo sezempilo, ochwepheshe basebenzisa izimiso ezisungulwe ngokujwayelekile. Lokhu kusiza ekunqumeni ngokushesha ukuthola ukuthi umzimba unqunyelwe yini ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela. Futhi, ngokususelwa kuzinkomba ezijwayelekile, ungathola imininingwane yenhloso ngesimo sempilo sesiguli.
Kwabesilisa nabesifazane abadala
Kwabesilisa nabesifazane abaphumelele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela, okujwayelekile kuzoba okufanayo. Ngegazi le-capillary, lesi sibalo sizoqhamuka ku-3.3 siye ku-5.5 mmol / L, bese kuthi igazi le-venous - 3.7-6.1 mmol / L.
Ezinganeni
Ezinganeni, amazinga eglucose azoncika eminyakeni yobudala. Ngakho-ke esikhathini sokuzalwa kuya kunyaka owodwa, inani elisuka ku-2.8 laya ku-4,4 mmol / l lithathwa njengejwayelekile.
Kusuka ezinyangeni eziyi-12 kuye eminyakeni emihlanu, izinkomba ziyahlukahluka. Umkhawulo ovumelekile usuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5 mmol / L.
Eminyakeni elandelayo yempilo, izinga likashukela liqhathaniswa nezinkomba zabantu abadala futhi lihambelana ne-3.3 - 5.5 mmol / L ye-capillary ne-3.7-6.1 mmol / L yegazi eline-venous.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, umzimba wesifazane uhlangabezana nezinguquko ezibalulekile zamahomoni. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokuhlaziywa ungahle uhlanekezelwe.Ngempela, ngalesi sikhathi, izitho zomama abakhulelwe zisebenza ezimbili, futhi ngenxa yalokho amaphutha amancane emiphumeleni yocwaningo akufanele abangele ukwethuka.
Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo sizinza ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane.
Lapho uthatha igazi elivela emunweni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe esiswini esingenalutho, umkhawulo we-3.3 kuya ku-5.8 mmol / L uthathwa njengokujwayelekile. Ngegazi le-venous komama abakhulelwe, izibalo ezisukela ku-4.0 kuye ku-6.1 mmol / L zithathwa njengejwayelekile.
Ithebula lamazinga wokuhlaziywa kwamazinga kashukela kusuka emunweni nakwavela kumthambo ngeminyaka
Leli thebula linikeza izinkambiso zokuqukethwe ushukela egazini le-venous ne-capillary lezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeziguli:
| Iminyaka yesineke | Isimo segazi le-capillary, mmol / l | Isimo esijwayelekile segazi elinama-venous, mmol / l |
| Kusuka ku-0 kuye enyangeni eyi-1 | 2,8-4,4 | 5,2 |
| Ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-14 | 3,3-5,6 | 6,6 |
| Kusuka eminyakeni eyi-14 kuye kwengama-60 | 3,2-5,5 | 6,1 |
| Iminyaka engama-60 kuye kwengama-90 ubudala | 4,6-6,4 | 7,6 |
| Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-90 | 4,2-6,7 | 8 |
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umehluko phakathi kwenqanaba likashukela egazini le-capillary ne-venous acishe abe ngu-12%. Lapho kukhula iminyaka yobudala, kuphakama nemikhawulo evunyelwe.
Izinkomba ezijwayelekile zokuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kwe-glucose
Ukuhlolwa kweglue glucose okujwayelekile kukhombisa imiphumela ejwayelekile. Ukwenza ukuxilongwa kokugcina, isiguli kwesinye isikhathi sithunyelwa ekuhlolweni okungeziwe. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuthola umphumela walolu vivinyo, uchwepheshe angavele acabange ukuthi isiguli sinomkhuba wokukhulisa isifo sikashukela, i-prediabetes noma inkambo ephelele yesifo sikashukela esinezinkinga noma ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Abasizi kochwepheshe ekunqumeni lezi zinhlaka zonke ziyizinkomba ezifanayo ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile. Uma izinga likashukela egazini le-capillary liyi-5.6-6 mmol / l, isiguli sikhubazekile ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose.
Ngokufanelekile, angatholakala ukuthi une-prediabetes. Kulokhu, ukulungiswa kokudla nendlela yokuphila, kanye nokuqapha njalo isimo ngabachwepheshe nasekhaya, kuyadingeka.
Kulezo zimo lapho isiguli sinezinga le-glucose le-6.1 mmol / l noma ngaphezulu, udokotela uphawula ubukhona besifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Imvamisa, izivivinyo ezengeziwe ziyadingeka ukukhomba uhlobo lokugula.
Ama-glucose amanani we-10 mmol / L noma ngaphezulu akhombisa ukuthi isiguli sidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelashwa esimeni sesibhedlela.
Amanani eglucose owamukelekile ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus
Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, udokotela oholayo angathola inkomba yomuntu ngamunye esejwayelekile, ecabanga ngesimo sempilo yakhe. Kepha lokhu kwenziwa kuphela uma inkambo yesifo iqhubeka isikhathi eside.
Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, kungakhathalekile ukuthi uluhlobo luni, kufanele usibhekele kahle isimo somzimba wakho, uvikele i-hyperglycemia futhi uzame ukugcina amazinga eglucose emikhawulweni echazwe ngokuqinile:
- ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho - akukho ngaphezu kwe-3.5-6.1 mmol / l;
- 2 amahora emva kokudla - akukho ngaphezu kwe-8 mmol / l;
- ngaphambi kokulala - 6.2-7.5 mmol / l.
Lezi zinkomba zisezingeni elifanele lapho ubungozi bokuthola ubunzima besifo sikashukela cishe buba zero.
Yini engathinta imiphumela yocwaningo?
Njengoba wazi, izici eziningi ezivela eceleni zingathinta umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glucose. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola idatha eyiqonde kakhulu, ukulungiselela ngokucophelela isifundo kuyadingeka.
Ngakho-ke, izici ezilandelayo zingahle zingathinti umphumela ngendlela engcono kakhulu:
- ukucindezela. Izimo ezicindezelayo umuntu abhekana nazo, zinomthelela ekuphazamisweni kwesizinda se-hormonal kanye nenqubo ye-metabolic. Ngakho-ke, uma usuku olwedlule unovalo, kungcono ukuyeka ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri izinsuku ezimbalwa, ngoba izinkomba zingaba eziphakeme ngokweqile noma eziphakeme ngokweqile;
- ukudla neziphuzo. Ukudla okudlayo ngaphambi kokulala noma ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi kuzosheshe kubangele ukugxuma kushukela. Okufanayo kuhamba neziphuzo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukumisa konke ukudla amahora angama-8 kuya kwe-12 ngaphambi kokuphasa isivivinyo. Ungaphuza kuphela amanzi asesejwayelekile;
- izinyo lokuhlafuna nezinsini. Lokhu kudla kuqukethe noshukela, ongena ngokushesha egazini futhi ubangele ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela. Ngakho-ke, ukuxubha amazinyo akho noma ukufaka umoya wakho kabusha ngenshungamu akunconywa;
- umsebenzi womzimba. Futhi bangela ukuhlanekezela komphumela. Uma usuku olwedlule ngaphambi kokusebenza kanzima ejimini, kungcono ukuhlehlise ukubonakala kwelabhoratri izinsuku ezimbalwa;
- ukuthatha umuthi. Izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela zithinta ngqo amazinga kashukela. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwabo, qhubeka uzisebenzise. Vele ungakhohlwa ukuxwayisa udokotela ngalokhu;
- ukumpontshelwa igazi, i-x-ray, i-physiotherapy. Bayakwazi ukuhlanekezela umphumela, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukuhlaziya ngemuva kokuwedlula izinsuku ezimbalwa;
- umkhuhlane. Ngesikhathi sokubanda, umzimba ukhulisa ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kwama-hormone, ngenxa yalokho amazinga kashukela angakhuphuka. Uma ungazizwa ungcono kakhulu, kuhlehlise isivivinyo.
Ukuhambisana nalezi zindinganiso kuyisiqinisekiso sokuthi uzothola umphumela onokwethenjelwa.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana namazinga wokuhlaziywa kashukela wegazi kuvidiyo:
Kuyasiza ukufunda ngemithetho yokulungiselela ukuhlaziya, kanye nangejwayelekile, kudokotela wakho. Ngolwazi oluthile, ungalawula impilo yakho ngisho nasekhaya, usebenzisa imitha ejwayelekile kashukela.
