I-insulin aspart iyi-insulin e-ultra-iDemo-ethatha insimbi etholakala kusetshenziswa izindlela ze-biotechnology nezindlela zofuzo. Ikhiqizwa ngezinhlobo eziguqulwe zofuzo zeSaccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, etshalwe ngalezi zinhloso embonini yezemithi. Umuthi wehlisela kahle ushukela wegazi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ngenkathi akubangeli mqondo futhi ungavimbeli amasosha omzimba.
Isimiso sokusebenza
Lo muthi ubopha kuma-insulin receptors kwezicubu ze-adipose nezicubu zemisipha. Izinga le-glucose egazini liyancipha ngenxa yokuthi izicubu zingakwazi ukumunca ngempumelelo ushukela, ngaphezu kwalokho, lingena kangcono kumaseli, kuyilapho isilinganiso sokwakheka kwalo esibindini, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lincipha. Inqubo yokuhlukanisa amafutha emzimbeni iyaqina futhi isheshise ukwakheka kwezakhi zamaprotheni.
Isenzo somuthi siqala emizuzwini eyi-10 ukuya kwengama-20, kuthi ukujula kwaso okusegazini kuqashelwe ngemuva kwamahora ama-1-3 (lokhu kuyizikhathi ezi-2 ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa ne-hormone ejwayelekile yomuntu). I-insulin esebenza njenge-monocomponent ithengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lokuhweba elithi NovoRapid (ngaphandle kwalokhu, kukhona ne-insulin aspart enezigaba ezimbili, ehlukile ekwakhiweni kwayo).
I-Biphasic insulin
I-biphasic insulin aspart inomqondo ofanayo wemiphumela yemithi emzimbeni. Umehluko ukuthi iqukethe i-insulin esebenza ngokufushane (empeleni i-aspart) kanye ne-hormone esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo (protamine-insulin aspart). Isilinganiso salokhu kufakwa emgqonyeni womuthi kanje: I-30% iyi-hormone esebenza ngokushesha futhi i-70% yinguqulo ende.
Umphumela oyinhloko wesidakamizwa uqala ngokoqobo ngemuva kokuphathwa (kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-10), kuthi u-70% wesidakamizwa sonke ositholayo udale ukutholakala kwe-insulin ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ikhishwa kancane futhi isebenza ngokwesilinganiso kufinyelela emahoreni angama-24.
Umuthi wokuhlanganisa uyatholakala ngaphansi kwegama elithi Novomix. Azikho izifanekiselo eziqondile zalolu khambi, kepha kunemithi efanayo ngesimo esenzweni
Kukhona nekhambi lapho kuhlanganiswa khona i-insulin (i-aspart) ne-Ultra-ende-obambelayo (i-degludec). Igama laso lentengiso yiRyzodeg. Ukufaka leli thuluzi, njenganoma iyiphi enye i-insulin ehlanganisiwe, ungashintsha kuphela ngokungenamkhawulo, ngezikhathi ezithile ushintshe indawo yemijovo (ukuze uvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy). Isikhathi sokusebenza komuthi esigabeni sesibili sifinyelela ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kwezingu-3.
Uma isiguli sidinga ukufaka umjovo wezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-hormone, khona-ke mhlawumbe kungakuhle ngokwengeziwe ukuba sisebenzise i-insulin aspart yesigaba ezimbili. Lokhu kunciphisa inani lemijovo futhi kusiza ukulawula ngempumelelo i-glycemia. Kepha yi-endocrinologist kuphela ekwazi ukukhetha ikhambi elilungile esekelwe kwimiphumela yokuhlaziya nemininingwane yokuhlolwa kwenhloso.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi
I-insulin aspart (biphasic ne-single-phase) ihluke kakhulu kune-insulin ejwayelekile yomuntu. Kwisikhundla esithile, i-amino acid proline ithathelwa indawo yayo nge-aspartic acid (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-aspartate). Lokhu kuthuthukisa kuphela izakhiwo ze-hormone futhi akuthinti nganoma iyiphi indlela ukubekezelela kwayo okuhle, umsebenzi kanye nokungalingani okuphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu kuguqulwa, lo muthi uqala ukusebenza ngokushesha okukhulu kunama-analogues wawo.
Okokungahambi kahle kwesidakamizwa ngalolu hlobo lwe-insulin, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele, yize kungavamile ukwenzeka, kepha imiphumela emibi kungenzeka.
Bangaziveza ngesimo se:
- ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu endaweni yomjovo;
- lipodystrophy;
- imivimbo yesikhumba;
- isikhumba esomile;
- ukusabela komzimba.
Le-insulin (ingxenye eyodwa) ingalawulwa hhayi kuphela, kepha futhi nangaphakathi. Kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe esibhedlela
Contraindication
Izinhlobo zetafula le-insulinUkuxhumana kokusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa ukungabekezelelani, ukungezwani komzimba kanye noshukela omncane wegazi (hypoglycemia). Azikho futhi izifundo ezilawulwayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwalesi insulin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba. Ukuhlolwa kwezilwane okwenziwe ngamehlo kuye kwabonisa ukuthi kwimithamo engazange idlule enconywayo, umuthi uthinta umzimba ngendlela efanayo ne-insulin evamile yabantu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, lapho umthamo ophathisiwe udlulwa izikhathi ezi-4,8 ezilwaneni, ukuphathwa kabi kwesisu kwaqalwa ngezigaba zokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kokungazaliseki kwezizukulwane ezizalweni kanye nezinkinga ezibangelwa izigaba zakamuva zokukhulelwa.
Akwaziwa ukuthi lo muthi udlulela obisini lwebele, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukuthi abesifazane bancelise amabele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa. Uma isiguli ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sidinga ukufaka umjovo i-insulin, khona-ke umuthi uhlala ukhethwa kuqhathaniswa nezinzuzo zikamama nobungozi bezingane.
Njengomthetho, ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, isidingo se-insulin sincipha kakhulu, futhi ku-trimester yesibili neyesithathu, umuthi ungadingeka futhi. Ngesifo sikashukela sokuthambisa, leli thuluzi alisetshenziswa. Kunoma ikuphi, hhayi kuphela i-endocrinologist, kodwa futhi ne-obstetrician-gynecologist kufanele inikeze lowo wesifazane okhulelwe umuthi onjalo.
Lolu hlobo lwama-hormone ezimweni eziningi lubekezelelwa kahle yiziguli, futhi imiphumela emibi evela ekusetshenzisweni kwayo ayivamile ukwenzeka.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezidakamizwa ezinamagama ahlukene okuhweba ngokusekelwe kuzo zikuvumela ukuthi ukhethe imvamisa efanelekile yomjovo esigulini ngasinye ngamunye. Lapho welapha ngalo muthi, kubalulekile ukubheka irejimeni enconywe udokotela futhi ungakhohlwa ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca nendlela yokuphila enempilo.
