Isifo sikashukela seSteroid (i-Steroidabetes) singenye yezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-insulin olususelwa ku-insulin (igama elithi isifo sikashukela, elisetshenziswa kubantu abavamile). Lesi sifo sibonakaliswa ngamanani aphezulu ama-hormone e-adrenal cortex esegazini. I-Pathology ibizwa nangokuthi isifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Isifo sikashukela seSteroid asihlobene nesimo se-pancreas esisebenzayo. Ingakhula ngisho nakubantu abaphilile ngokuphelele ngokuphathwa isikhathi eside kwama-hormone bese inyamalala ngemuva kokuyeka umuthi. Imininingwane engaphezulu mayelana nezimbangela zokuthuthuka kwe-pathology, izimpawu, ukuxilongwa kanye nezimpawu zokwelashwa kuyaxoxwa ngayo esihlokweni.
Yiziphi izidakamizwa ezingadala lesi sifo?
Imithi esekwe kuma-hormone adrenal (glucocorticosteroids) isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha kaningi. Zinemiphumela elandelayo emzimbeni womuntu:
- ukumisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala;
- qeda ukuqothuka nokungabonakali komzimba;
- isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezimo zokushaqeka (ukwandisa umfutho wegazi);
- cindezela amabutho okuvikela endawo;
- thuthukisa i-microcirculation endaweni yokuvuvukala;
- neqhaza ekunciphiseni kwama-capillaries;
- vimba umsebenzi wama-enzyme amaningi;
- thinta izinqubo ze-metabolic.
Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yiHydrocortisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone. Babekelwe ukwelashwa kwama-collagenoses, i-rheumatism, ukuhlaselwa i-asthma, i-pathology yegazi, isifo se-mononucleosis esithambile, izimo zokwaliwa. Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa nazo ziyi-glomerulonephritis, izinqubo zokuvuvukala zamanyikwe nesibindi, i-autoimmune pathologies, ukushaqeka kwemvelaphi ehlukahlukene.
Ezinye izidakamizwa nazo zingavusa lesi sifo:
- ama-thiazides (abamele imishanguzo ye-diuretic);
- kuhlanganiswe izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo.
Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-COC kungenye yezinto ezibangela lesi sifo.Ezinye izizathu zokwakhiwa kwesimo se-pathological yizifo ze-adrenal, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwe-metabolic, i-pathology yesibindi, i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela (umphumela wokulashwa). Iziguli ezikhuluphele kakhulu zithathwa njengabazongenela phambili ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.
Umshini wokuthuthukisa lesi sifo
Ukuqonda ukuthi isifo sikashukela senzeka kanjani, ososayensi baqhube izivivinyo zemitholampilo ngokungenisa izidakamizwa ze-hormonal emzimbeni wezilwane. Ngemuva kwemiphumela etholakele, ososayensi baxazulula iqiniso lokuthi isisekelo salesi sifo yithonya lama-hormone e-adrenal cortex enkambeni yokudla (ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngamaprotheni nama-saccharides).
Izinto ze-Hormonal zivusa ukuqhekeka kwamaprotheni futhi zinciphise inqubo yokwakheka kwazo. Njengomphumela, inkambo ye-gluconeogeneis iyashintsha, phakathi lapho ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana kashukela avela ezintweni ezingewona ama-carbohydrate kwenzeka kuma-hepatocytes wesibindi. IGlycogen ifakwa emangqamuzaneni esibindi ngesilinganiso esikhudlwana kunesidingo sempilo ejwayelekile.
Njengomphumela wokuqhekeka okwandayo kwezinto ezinamaphrotheni emchameni, kukhululwa inani le-nitrogen. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-glucocorticosteroids inciphisa inqubo yokuphuzwa ushukela ngamangqamuzana nezicubu onqenqemeni, okuholela ku-hyperglycemia (ushukela ophakeme osegazini) njengohlobo lwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela enganciki i-insulin.
Izimpawu
Lesi sifo sinesifo sokuqaqamba okuhle, esibonakaliswa ngokubonakalayo kwesithombe sasemtholampilo. Isifiso se-pathological sokuphuza kanye nesibonakaliso senani elikhulu lomchamo sibuthakathaka. Ushukela wegazi awugxili kakhulu, okungenakushiwo ngezinye izindlela zesifo “esimnandi”.
Ukubonakaliswa kwesimo se-pathological akunasici, ngakho-ke, cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa ngaphandle kokuxilonga futhi uthathe i-anamnesis
Iziguli zinezikhalazo ezilandelayo:
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2- ubuthakathaka obukhali;
- ukungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ojwayelekile wosuku;
- ukuzizwa ungasasebenzi;
- ikhanda
- isisindo somzimba;
- blush esihlathini;
- ukuqhuma kwezinduna;
- ukwanda komfutho wegazi.
Amazinga kashukela egazini nomchamo kuyaqabukela kufinyelela amanani aphezulu, akukho phunga le-acetone emoyeni ophelile, njengoba kunjalo nangemizimba ye-ketone esegazini nomchamo.
Yimuphi udokotela okufanele ngiye kuye?
Njengoba isithombe somtholampilo salesi sifo singenalo ubulukhuni obukhulu, iziguli eziningi ziya ekuqokweni kokuqala nodokotela noma udokotela womndeni. Uma usola ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid, udokotela ukuthumela ekubonisaneni nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist. Uchwepheshe kufanele aqoqe imininingwane elandelayo yomlando:
- yiziphi izibonakaliso ezihluphayo nokuthi zivukile isikhathi esingakanani;
- nalokho isiguli uqobo esihlobanisa nokukhula kwezimpawu;
- yiziphi izifo ezazikhona;
- ukuthi isiguli selashwa nganoma imuphi umuthi manje noma ubuphuzile esikhathini esedlule esedlule;
- ngabe isiguli sithola ukwelashwa kwe-hormone;
- Ngabe abesifazane basebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zomlomo ezihlanganisiwe?
Kubalulekile! Ngesinqumo sikadokotela we-endocrinologist, isiguli sithunyelwa ukuyobonisana nodokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo, udokotela wamehlo, isazi sezinhliziyo, udokotela wezengqondo, udokotela wezengqondo, owezempilo.
I-endocrinologist ihlala ingudokotela ohambela sonke isigaba sokunakekelwa kweziguli (esibhedlela nasekhaya)
Luyini usizo lwesineke?
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kufana nohlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kodwa-ke, uhlobo lokwelashwa kanye nendlela yokuthuthuka kwayo ithuthukiswa ngasese esigulini ngasinye. Ukudalwa kwezindlela zokwelapha kufaka izinto ezilandelayo:
- ukwelashwa kwe-insulin ukusekela umsebenzi wezinto ezisetshenziselwa ukufakwa kwamanyikwe;
- ukulungiswa kokudla okunempilo ngokuhambisana netafula le-carb ephansi;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic zomlomo;
- ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa (ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu);
- ukwenqaba ukusebenzisa emithini yokwelapha ebangele ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.
Ukudla
Ukulungiswa kwemenyu ngayinye kuyisisekelo sokwelashwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwe-steroid. Isiguli sinconywa ukwenqaba ushukela neminye imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokugaya ama-carbohydrate ekwakhiweni. Ukusebenza kokudla kahle kunesizathu esilandelayo:
- inani lemijovo ye-insulin nomthamo wezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela kungancishiswa kakhulu;
- Izinkomba zikashukela esegazini zigcinwa ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile ngaphambi nangemva kokudla;
- inhlala-kahle yesiguli iyathuthuka, ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona kuyasuswa;
- amathuba okuthola izinkinga zesifo ancishisiwe;
- cholesterol yegazi iyancipha.
Ukudla okune-carb ephansi kungagcini nje ngokunciphisa amazinga kashukela, kepha futhi kuqede nosawoti womzimba we-pathological
Imenyu yansuku zonke kufanele ifake imifino, izithelo (izinhlobo ezimuncu), amakhambi, okusanhlamvu, imikhiqizo yobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi olunoshukela. Kubalulekile ukuthi inyama nezinhlanzi zikhona (khetha izinhlobo ezinamafutha amancane). Uma isiguli sinesisindo somzimba esikhulu kanye ne-glycemia eyeqile, abezempilo batusa ukushintshela etafuleni uNo 8, lapho imithetho yokunciphisa umngcele we-carbohydrate iqinile khona.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
Esigabeni sokuqala sokwelashwa, okuphuma ku-sulfonylurea kukhombisa ukusebenza kahle, noma kunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kweqembu akuvunyelwe, ngoba ngokumelene nesizinda sokwelashwa isikhathi eside, umphumela ophikisanayo uyabonakala, okhulisa ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-pathology.
Odokotela abaningi batusa ukuhlanganisa imijovo ye-insulin namathebulethi e-antidiabetes. Uma isinxephezelo singatholakali, kungahlinzwa kuboniswe.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuzelapha ngokwakho lesi sifo kanye nezindlela ezisetshenziswayo zabantu kungaholela ekwandeni kwalesi sifo. Kulokhu, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukubuyisa ama-pancreas kanye ne-adrenal gland. Ukuhambisana nezincomo zodokotela kuyisihluthulelo sokululama ngokushesha futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesimo se-pathological.
