Ukukhubazeka kokukhululeka kwezingane ezinesifo sikashukela

Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela ziyisigaba esihlukile seziguli esidinga kakhulu ukuvikeleka komphakathi nokunakekelwa kwempilo. Imvamisa lokhu kugula kwenzeka esemncane, lapho ingane ingakakuqondi ukubaluleka kokulandela ukudla, futhi ingakwazi nokuzijova i-insulin ngokwayo. Kwesinye isikhathi lesi sifo sithinta izinsana kanye nezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, zihlele ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa, okunzima kakhulu. Kunoma ikuphi, bonke ubunzima buwela emahlombe abazali noma ezihlotsheni, futhi lapho bengekho - kwiziphathimandla zokugada umbuso. Ukwenza ukukhubazeka kunganciphisa izindleko ezihambisana nokwelashwa futhi kunikeze ingane ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Izici zalesi sifo ebuntwaneni

Isifo sikashukela yisifo esikhohlisayo esibi ngenxa yezinkinga zaso. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine ebuntwaneni kuyingozi ikakhulukazi, njengoba isitho esintekenteke sisakhula futhi singakwazi ukumelana nalesi sifo. Ngisho nakubantu abadala, isifo sikashukela siwukuvivinywa okunzima, ngoba umuntu kufanele aguqule ngokuphelele indlela yakhe yokuphila, futhi esimweni seziguli ezincane, lesi sifo sibeka usongo olukhulu kakhulu.

Kepha ngeshwa, noma umuntu enesifo esinegalelo elilungile, akekho ongakuqinisekisa ukuthi kusasa ngeke aphume futhi ngeke abangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu emzimbeni. Kungakho ukwehliswa amandla kokukhubazeka kwezingane ezinesifo sikashukela kungudaba olujabulisa bonke abazali bezingane ezigulayo nentsha eyeve eshumini nambili.

Izimpawu zokwelashwa okusebenzayo nesinxephezelo esanele sesifo sikashukela ebuntwaneni yilezi:

• i-glucose esheshayo ayiphezulu kune-6.2 mmol / l;
• ukuntuleka koshukela kumchamo (ngokuhlaziywa okujwayelekile kanye nesampula lomchamo wansuku zonke);
• i-glycated hemoglobin ayidluli ngo-6.5%;
• ukukhuphuka koshukela ngemuva kokudla kungadluli kuma-8 mmol / l.

Uma i-glucose yakho yegazi iphakama njalo, kungaholela ezinkingeni zesifo sikashukela. Ingane ingaqala ukubona kubi kakhulu, ingaqala ukuba nezinkinga ngamajoyina nomgogodla, izicubu zomzimba, inhliziyo, njll. Isifo sikashukela esinxephezelwe kabi siyimbangela yokukhubazeka esikhathini esizayo (ngaphandle kwekhono lokusebenza futhi siphile impilo ejwayelekile), ngakho-ke, ngokuwohloka okuncane kakhulu enhlalakahleni, abazali kufanele bavakashele i-endocrinologist yezingane nengane.

Njengoba ingane ingenakukwazi ukuwaqapha njalo amazinga kashukela wegazi ngokwakhe, lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe ngabazali noma izihlobo ezizinakekela.

Izinzuzo

Ezimweni eziningi, izingane zakha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, esidinga ukwelashwa kwe-insulin (yize kunephesenti elincane lezingane ezigulayo ezihlushwa isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin). Uma isiguli sidinga ukujova okuhlala njalo kwe-hormone, khona-ke kungakhathalekile ukuthi lesi sifo siqatha kangakanani nokuthi sikhona noma singekho ngenxa yezinkinga zesifo, sizokwabelwa ukukhubazeka.

Izinzuzo zezingane ezinesifo sikashukela:

Ingabe ukukhubazeka kunikezwa kushukela

• i-insulin yamahhala yokujova;
• ukwelashwa kwama-spa kwamahhala okwenziwa minyaka yonke (ngokukhokha imali yokuya esikhungweni sezokwelapha hhayi kubantu abakhubazekile kuphela, kodwa nakubazali babo);
• ukuhlinzeka abazali besiguli ngedivaysi yokulinganisa ushukela nokudla kuyo (imichilo yokuhlola, izihlakala, izixazululo zokulawula, njll.);
• ukulethwa kwamahhala kwesirinji elahlekayo kanye nama-antiseptics wokulawulwa kokungena kwe-insulin;
• uma kunesidingo - ukuhlinzekwa mahhala ngezidakamizwa ezibekwe etafuleni ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela;
• ukuhamba kwamahhala kwezokuhamba.

Uma isimo sengane siba sibi, udokotela angambhalela ukuthi adluliselwe ekwelashweni okukhethekile phesheya. Futhi, kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2017, abazali banelungelo, esikhundleni se-insulin neminye imishanguzo edingekayo, yokuthola isinxephezelo sezimali ngesilinganiso esilinganayo.

Ingane enesifo sikashukela ilungele ukwamukelwa enkulisa

Lezi zingane ziyaxolelwa ekuphaseleni izivivinyo zezikole kanye nezivivinyo zokungena eyunivesithi. Amabanga abo okugcina akhiwa ngesisekelo sokusebenza okujwayelekile konyaka, nasezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme zabanesifo sikashukela, njengomthetho, kunezindawo zokukhetha isabelozimali. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukucindezelwa nokuxineka kwemizwa kungadala ukukhula kwezifo ezinzima zesifo (kuze kufike ekulahlekelweni kokungazi kahle komzimba).

Ngokomyalelo woMnyango Wezabasebenzi kanye Nezokuvikelwa Komphakathi Nombolo 1024n kaDisemba 17, 2015, lapho ingane ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-14, kufanele ihlolwe (ikhomishini), ngenxa yalokho ukukhubazeka kususwe noma kuqinisekiswe. Ehlelweni lokuhlolwa kwezifo zokuxilonga kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okuhlosiwe, isimo sezempilo, ukuba khona kwezinkinga, kanye nekhono lokuzimela ngokuzimela kanye ne-insulin kanye nekhono lokubala kahle umthamo walo kuhlolwe.

Amalungelo wabazali

Abazali noma abagadli bangafaka isicelo sempesheni uma bengasebenzi, ngenxa yokuthi sonke isikhathi sabo banikele ekunakekeleni ingane egulayo. Inani losizo lwezezimali luthintwa yiqembu lokukhubazeka nezinye izinto zenhlalo (inani lakhiwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho esebenzayo yombuso). Ngaphansi kweminyaka yobudala eyi-14, iqembu elithile labakhubazekile alisungulwa, futhi kamuva lakhiwa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa kwalezo zinqubo:

• ukuthi ukunakekelwa kwentsha kudinga ini - okuhlala njalo noma okuyingxenye;
• isifo sinxephezelwa kahle kanjani;
• yiziphi izinkinga zesifo ezaqalwa ngesikhathi ingane ibhalisiwe ku-endocrinologist;
• ukuthi isiguli singahamba kangakanani futhi sizikhonze ngaphandle kosizo.

Ukukhokhela ifulethi lapho kuhlala khona okhubazekile, abazali bangafaka isicelo senzuzo noma uxhaso. Izingane ezigulayo ezingakwazi ukuya esikoleni zinelungelo lokuthola imfundo yasekhaya yamahhala. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, abazali kufanele balethe yonke imibhalo edingekayo nezitifiketi kwiziphathimandla zokuvikela umphakathi.

Kungani ingane ingakhubazeka?

Imvamisa, ukukhubazeka kususwa eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, lapho isiguli siba "mdala" ngokusemthethweni futhi singabe sesiso isigaba sezingane. Lokhu kwenzeka uma lesi sifo siqhubeka ngesimo esingelula, futhi umuntu engenazo iziphikiso eziphinyiselwe ukumvimbela ukuba aphile ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi asebenze.

Uma kwenzeka kuhlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela esibolile, ukukhubazeka kungabhaliswa ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eyi-18, uma kunezinkomba ezanele zalokhu

Kepha, kwesinye isikhathi, isiguli sincishwa ukukhubazeka futhi lapho sifika eminyakeni eyi-14. Ngabe lokhu kwenzeka ngasiphi isikhathi? Isiguli singanqatshelwa ukubhaliswa kweqembu labakhubazekile uma seliqeqeshelwe esikoleni sikashukela, sifunde ukuthi singaliphatha kanjani ngokwalo i-insulin, sazi imigomo yokwenza imenyu, futhi singakwazi ukubala umthamo odingekayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, akufanele abe nezinkinga zesifo eziphazamisa impilo ejwayelekile.

Uma, ngokweziphetho zekhomishini yezempilo yezenhlalo, isiguli esineminyaka engu-14 nangaphezulu singazimela ngokuzimele, sihlole ngokwanele ukuthi kwenzekani, sizinikele futhi silawula isenzo saso, ukukhubazeka kungasuswa. Uma isiguli sinokuphazamiseka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwezitho ezibalulekile nezinhlelo ezithinta amandla akhe okwenza lezi zenzo ezingenhla, angabelwa iqembu elithile.

Yini okufanele uyenze ezimweni eziphikisanayo?

Uma abazali bakholelwa ukuthi ingane yesifo sikashukela yancishwa ukukhubazeka ngokungafanele, bangabhala isicelo sokuhlolwa kwesibili. Isibonelo, uma ingane yayihlala igula, imininingwane kulokhu kufanele ibe sekhadini lokuphuma. Kufanele zenziwe izithombe bese zithunyelwa ukuze zicatshangwe. Udinga futhi ukuqoqa yonke imininingwane kusuka kuzivivinyo zaselebhu ezisanda kuphothulwa kanye nokuhlolwa okwenziwa ngeso lokhozi. Izinto ezikhishwe ezibhedlela lapho ingane ingeniswe esibhedlela nazo kufanele zifakwe kwisicelo.

Ngaphambi kokuthola ikhomishini yezokwelapha, ingane idinga ukuphumelela lokho kuhlolwa:

• ushukela osheshayo
• ukuzimisela kwephrofayli likashukela nsuku zonke;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile;
• ukuhlaziywa komchamo ojwayelekile;
• ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated;
• i-urinalysis yemizimba ye-ketone kanye noshukela;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical.

Futhi, ukucatshangelwa, odokotela bekhomishini badinga iziphetho ze-endocrinologist, i-ophthalmologist (ngokuhlolwa kwe-fundus), udokotela wezinzwa, i-ultrasound of the patity esiswini. Uma kunezinkomba, kungaxilongwa nodokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo, wezingane, nge-ultrasound yemikhumbi esezingeni eliphansi futhi kuboniswane nodokotela wenhliziyo ongudokotela wezingane.

Kuze kube manje, uMnyango Wezabasebenzi kanye Nezokuvikelwa Komphakathi ubhekene nezinkinga zokukhubazeka, kepha isikhathi esiningi umuntu angazizwa izitatimende zamaphini zokuthi lezi zinkinga kufanele zibhekwane noMnyango Wezempilo. Osopolitiki abaningi sebevele baphethe ngokuthi odokotela kuphela, abaqonda ngokungacabangi kanye nokungaqhamuki kwesifo sikashukela, abangenza izinqumo ezinengqondo kulesi simo.