Kwezifo ezihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolism kanye ne-endocrine gland, kushintsha amakhemikhali emzimbeni. Enye yazo i-acetone emchameni wesifo sikashukela.
Ngabe uvelaphi umchamo we-cetone?
Ukubonakala kwezidumbu ze-acetone (i-acetoacetate, hydroxybutyrate, acetone) kumchamo ukubuyiselwa noma ukuphendulwa komzimba. Umongo wayo unjengokulandelayo: umzimba uthola amandla avela ekuhlanganiseni kweglucose (ushukela), okuwumthombo wawo oyinhloko. Emzimbeni womuntu kunezigcino ze-glucose ─ glycogen, ezinqwabelana esibindini nasemisipha. Ngokwesilinganiso, okuqukethwe kwayo kubantu abadala kungama-500-700 gr. Le yi-2000-3000 kcal. Ukuhlinzekwa okunjalo kwe-glycogen kwanele ukuba umzimba uthole amandla adingekayo phakathi nosuku.
Lapho i-glucose ingangeni kumaseli wezicubu, futhi i-glycogen isiphelile, umzimba uqala ukubheka ezinye izindlela zokuthola amandla futhi wephule nezitolo ezinamafutha. Ukuqhekeka kwabo okukhulu kuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-acetone, ekhishwa emchameni.
Kuhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esingu-2, ayikho i-acetone kumchamo.
I-urine acetone kusifo sikashukela iyisibonakaliso esingathandeki
Izimpawu eziphambili nezinkinga
Umuntu uhlakulela ukuphefumula okubi. Umchamo uba lula futhi ube yisidlakela. Iphunga lingaveli kumchamo kuphela, kepha libuye liphuma esikhunjeni. Lesi simo siyingozi. Uma ungathathi isilinganiso esifanele se-insulin ngesikhathi, khona-ke lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
Imizimba ye-acetone idedelwa ngamanani amakhulu ezimeni ezinjalo:
- nge-acidosis enzima (ukuguquguquka kwebhalansi ye-pH ibheke acidity);
- esimweni sokuqina;
- nge-ketoacidotic (hyperglycemic) coma.
Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-acetone kuholela esimweni esibulalayo esifana ne-coma. Ukhula ngokuncipha okukhulu kokushiswa kweglucose. Lokhu kufaka ukunqwabelana kwe-acetoacetic acid, eshintsha izakhiwo zegazi, ithukuthelise isikhungo sokuphefumula, okubangela ukuphefumula okujulile nokuhlala njalo. Ubuthi be-Acid kungaholela ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kokungazi lapho i-alkaline reservic body sehlela ku-15% (ngesilinganiso sama-55-75%).
Umchamo one-ketoacidosis unephunga elithile
Ama-harbinger we-coma:
- ukomisa, ulimi olomile;
- ama-eyeball athambile ngenxa uketshezi olushiya umzimba we-vitreous (into esobala phakathi kwe-retina ne-lens ye-crystalline, amanzi angama-99%);
- kunezimpawu zokuwa ─ ukushaya kwenhliziyo okushisayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okushesha, ukuncipha kwengcindezi (kwempi nokwenama), ukwanda kobuso obukhulayo;
- ukugabha (i-acetone kuthinta isenti le-emetic ebuchosheni);
- ubuhlungu esifundeni se-epigastric ngenxa yokwanda kwenqubo ye-pancreatic noma i-gastritis enobuthi;
- kuncishiswe kakhulu i-diuresis ephelele.
Imvamisa, ukuphefumula kukhula kancane kancane futhi hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuphawuleka. Kungavusa ukusebenza ngokweqile, ukuguqulwa kwemodi, ukutheleleka.
Uma i-acetone yomchamo ingatholakali ngesikhathi, isiguli singathola i-hyperosmolar coma
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis
Esikhathini sikashukela, ukuhlolwa okunjalo komchamo kunqunyelwe:
- emtholampilo (okujwayelekile);
- ngoNechiporenko;
- isampula yengilazi ezintathu;
- ivolumu yansuku zonke.
Ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zokwanda kwe-acetone, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphuze ingilazi yetiye elifudumele bese ulala kancane, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuphumula umzimba udinga ushukela omncane.
Imichilo yokuhlolwa kokuxilonga ingabona ubukhona be-acetone emchameni ngisho nasekhaya
Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko ukwethulwa komthamo odingekayo we-insulin. Kunqunywa kanye ekuseni, ngoba ngemuva kokulala, ama-carbohydrate ashisa kancane. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-insulin imiselwe kabili: ngaphambi kokudla kwasekuseni nangesidlo sasebusuku.
Amanani amakhulu e-insulin asetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-coma. Ngokuhambisana, ingxenye ngayinye yomchamo ihlolwa nge-acetoacetic acid. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe ukwelashwa, ukwenze kube ngempumelelo ngangokunokwenzeka. Umthamo we-insulin uncishiswa ube ubuncane kuphela lapho ukugeleza kwe-acid kumile.
Ukususa i-acetone, kuyadingeka ukulwa nokuphelelwa ngamandla (okungenani amalitha ama-3-4 amanzi). Ukubuyisela ibhalansi ye-pH, kunikezwe isiphuzo se-alkal, kuyasiza ukususa ama-acetone acids.
Ukuvimbela ukuvela kwe-acetone emchameni, udinga ukubheka izinga layo njalo, uthathe i-insulin ngendlela esheshayo, ulandele ukudla.
