Kusukela isifo se-pancreatic sesimo sikashukela, ubuntu bekulokhu kubhekwana nabo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Izincazelo zemitholampilo ngalesi sifo, ezenziwa odokotela baseRoma, ababephila ngekhulu lesibili AD, ziyaziwa. Ukukhohlakala kwesifo kulele hhayi ezinkingeni ezikhulayo futhi sekwephuzile, kodwa futhi ezinkingeni zokuxilonga. Yiziphi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela esenzeka kwabesifazane? Ngokusekelwe kweyiphi imibonakaliso ukwahlulelwa kokuvela kwesifo okungenakuphulukiswa?
Ukuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela
Kusukela ngo-1980, i-World Health Organisation ivunyelwe ukwenza ukuhlolwa okukhethekile (kubantu abadala kuphela). Ukunquma ukubekezelela i-glucose kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kohlaziyo olulandelayo - GTT. Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose kwembula kuze kube yi-60% yeziguli ezine-pathological ezine-latent sikashukela. Kulesi sibalo sabantu, lesi sifo singakhula kuphela kuma-25-45% wamacala. Umehluko emiphumeleni uvela ngenxa yokungakwazi ukubhekela konke ukungasebenzi kahle kwesitho (i-yegilo gland, isibindi, izinso), izinqubo ezikhona zokutheleleka emzimbeni.
Izinsuku ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ezinye izidakamizwa zikhanselwa iziguli (ama-hypoglycemic agents, ama-salicylates, ama-corticosteroids, ama-estrogens). Ngalesi sikhathi, umuntu ovivinywayo udla ejwayelekile yokudla, ebukela ukuvivinya umzimba okujwayelekile. Ngosuku olubekiwe, i-GTT yenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho, esikhathini sokuphumula kusuka emahoreni ayi-10 kuye kwayi-16, ngaso sonke isikhathi sokuphumula. I-glucose isetshenziswa ngenani lama-g g 75. Ngemuva kwalokho, igazi lithathwa kathathu kungakapheli amahora amabili.
Uma ukusebenza kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlola okucwanayo kudlula okujwayelekile, khona-ke odokotela baxilonga isimo sesifo sikashukela, isimo saso sokugcina:
- esiswini esingenalutho - kufika ku-6.11 mmol / l;
- ngemuva kwe-1 h - 9.99 mmol / l;
- ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 - 7.22 mmol / L.
Izici zemvelaphi yesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela esitholakele sikhombisa ukuphazamiseka komzimba emzimbeni. Kunombono wokuthi zihambisana nezici zofuzo esizalwa nazo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesifo se-endocrinological pancreatic in izinhlobo ezimbili kuyimpikiswano kakhulu.
Kusebenza kuphela kushukela lokuqala, elingalapheki. Iziguli zohlobo 2 zingathola i-insulin therapy, kanti okuphambene nalokho, akuyona into engjwayelekile ezinganeni ezisebenzisa ukwelashwa njengabantu abadala ukusebenzisa amaphilisi nokudla. Izinga le-glucose kushukela lesibili likhuphuka ngezikhathi ezithile ngenxa yokuvela kwezinye izifo futhi selapheka ngempumelelo.
Isifo sohlobo 1 siqala ezinganeni, abantu abasha bavame kakhulu ukuba sesimweni esibi futhi bahambisana nokubonakaliswa okusobala
Nge-latent sikashukela mellitus, izimpawu zingabonakala zibuthakathaka, hhayi zihlanganisiwe, kepha ngokwahlukana, zifakwe imaski, zombili ezifweni zokuqala nezesekondari. Konke kuncike ebungwini besitho somzimba, amandla ayo ezakhi zofuzo, izici zomzimba. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile akuvezi i-hyperglycemia (izinga eliphakeme likashukela) ngesikhathi esithile. I-Endocrinologists incoma ukuthi abantu abasengozini njalo (izikhathi ezi-1-2 ngonyaka) bathathe i-GTT, izivivinyo ze-hemoglobin glycated ne-C-peptides.
Amathuba okuthola ifa lohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela ohlangothini lukamama kuze kube ngu-7%, ubaba - 10%. Uma bobabili abazali behlupheka, khona-ke amathuba engane egula agxuma afike ku-70%. Amathuba okuthola imigqa yomama noyise yohlobo 2 atholakala ngokulinganayo - 80%, uma bobabili abazali begula - 100%.
Lesi sifo singatholakala. Indima ye-trigger yokuboniswa kwezimpawu ivame ukudlalwa ngu:
- ukutheleleka ngegciwane (inkukhu, i-rubella, isifo sokusha kwesibindi noma umkhuhlane);
- izifo ezidala umonakalo kumaseli we-beta we-pancreas (umdlavuza wesitho se-endocrine, i-pancreatitis);
- ukukhuluphala, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukukhuluphala;
- ukucindezelwa okungapheli kwengqondo, ukucindezelwa okungokomzwelo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziningana kulingana nethuba lesifo sikashukela, njengabantu abanomthwalo wenzalo walesi sifo.
Izingane kufanele, eminyakeni efanelekile, zixwayiswe ngokufanele ngomthwalo wesifo sikashukela okhona
Ezifihliwe nezinye izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela
Isibalo sabantu abanesifo sikashukela sezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene sikhula ngokuqinile, ikakhulukazi emazweni athuthukile futhi acebile. Lokhu akubangelwa kuphela ukwanda kokukhuluphala kubantu, ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba nokudla ngokweqile.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sihlotshaniswa nalezi zinto:
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kwabesifazane- ukuntuleka kwelinye i-hormone emzimbeni - i-diuretic;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hypothalamus, indlala ekhiqizayo;
- i-organ trauma (ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala);
- izinso ziyeka ukubona i-hormone (lolu phawu lutholakala emadodeni kuphela).
Izinhlobonhlobo zingaba uphawu lokuxakeka ngemuva kwesifo sofuba, i-syphilis. Isiguli sinamanzi emzimbeni ngenxa yomuva wokomela okungapheli nokukhishwa komchamo. Ukushisa kuyenyuka, ukugabha, ikhanda, ukuqunjelwa, buthakathaka ukuvela. Isifiso sokudla siyancipha, ukulahleka kwesisindo kuyabonakala, ukungabi nazingane kutholakala kubantu besifazane, kanye nokungabi namandla kwabesilisa.
Isifo sikashukela Bronze sibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwensimbi emzimbeni. Ngenxa yalokhu, insimbi inqwabelana ezicutshini, i-spleen iyathinteka. Isikhumba esomile siba nsundu. Njengomthetho, ngokumelene nesizinda sethusi, i-mellitus eyisilinganiso sikashukela iyakhula, edinga ukwelashwa nge-insulin.
Okwesibili, noma komthambo, isifo sikashukela sikhula kubantu besifazane abanempilo lapho kunokunyuka kwesikhashana kwamazinga kashukela. Owesifazane okhulelwe onjalo usengozini yesifo esiyinhloko. Welashwa, njengohlobo 1 sikashukela, ngemijovo ye-insulin, ukudla, nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Isifo sikashukela esisezingeni eliphezulu kwabesifazane ngabanolwazi bezazi zokubelethisa nabadokotela bezengqondo basikisela lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- i-polyhydramnios;
- izithelo ezinkulu;
- "jaundice" wosanda kuzalwa.
Ukwenza ukuqapha njalo usebenzisa nsuku zonke usebenzisa i-glucometer (idivaysi ekala ushukela wegazi), imichilo yokuhlola - i-acetone emchameni, lona wesifazane uhlose ukuguqula izinkomba futhi azihlukumeze umzimba okhulayo esibelethweni sikamama.
Ngemuva kokubeletha, owesifazane kufanele aqaphe isisindo, azivikele ezifweni, futhi agweme izimo ezicindezelayo ezihlala isikhathi eside.
Uma ngefomu elicacile nelinamandla, izimpawu zivela ku-classical triad, khona-ke ngesifihliwe bangahlukumeza isiguli ngamunye:
- ukuchama njalo (i-polyuria);
- ukoma (polydipsia);
- indlala (polyphagy).
Njengoba unesifo sikashukela esise-latent noma se-latent, kukhona ukwephulwa kokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose, isimo se-prediabetesic.
Kwezinye izimo, ama-endocrinologists aqaphela ukuphela kwalesi sifo. Kuyingozi ukutheleleka ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kubhekwa njengezikhathi zokwindla nezasebusika. Ukuqubuka kwe-Hormonal kwentsha, abesifazane besikhathi sokuya esikhathini kungavusa i-hyperglycemia ngezikhathi ezithile, i.e. ushukela ovilaphayo.
Inkolelo yamanje yokuthi abathandi abahle bangenwa yilesi sifo yinganekwane. Ukusetshenziswa kwamaswidi, amakhekhe, namakhekhe ngqo kushukela ngeke kuholele. Umphumela wothando olungenangqondo lwama-carbohydrate asheshe acwengekile ukukhuluphala, ukukhuluphala, futhi lokhu kungenye yezimpawu zobungozi zalesi sifo.
