Imicu yama-nerve nezindonga zemithambo yegazi ihlushwa ushukela wegazi owedlulele. I-glucose, ingena kubo, iphenduka izinto ezinobuthi. Ngaphansi kwethonya labo, kwenzeka ushintsho olubi ezicutshini, ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho kuyaphazamiseka. Lesi yisimo esibi esinesifo esiwohlokile se-endocrinological pancreatic sifo. Njengomphumela wentuthuko yemicimbi, izilonda zomlenze zenzeka kwisifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Ungasivimba kanjani isimo esingesihle somzimba? Kungasiphi izizathu ongaphuthelwa kuzo izinguquko zokuqala?
Ukuzindla kwezimbangela zezilonda zesifo sikashukela ezinesifo sikashukela
Izicubu emzimbeni womuntu zifakwe emaphethelweni amaningi ezinzwa kanye nemithambo yegazi emincane. Isimo esiyinhloko sokwelapha izilonda kanye nezinye izingqinamba zakamuva zesifo se-endocrine ukugcina njalo izinga le-glycemic kumkhawulo wamanani owamukelekayo - ufike kuma-8.0 mmol / L.
Imikhumbi yesiguli enesifo sikashukela ayithinteki kuphela nge-glucose, kodwa futhi ne-cholesterol. Amangqamuzana anamandla okufihla anamathela ezindongeni zegazi futhi anciphise ukuhamba kwawo. Uhlelo lwe-vascular lusengozini ephindwe kabili. Umuntu obhemayo unesifo sikashukela, esukela ngokweqile ushukela wegazi - kathathu.
Ngominyaka, ukulimala kwemithambo kwenzeka ngokwemvelo. Umsebenzi wesiguli ukwengeza inqubo yokuguga engenakugwenywa, izici ezilimazayo ezivela kushukela omkhulu, ukuphuma kwe-cholesterol, ukubhema.
I-cholesterol ivame ukuphakanyiswa ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esihlobene nobudala abangasebenzisi i-insulin therapy. Abantu abasengozini kufanele bahlolwe igazi labo kabili ngonyaka.
Nge-atherossteosis, ukuvaleka kwemithambo kwenzeka ngamachaphaza cholesterol
Nge-cholesterol ephezulu, ukudla kwesiguli kufanele kuqiniswe. Amafutha omsuka wesilwane awafakiwe ekudleni kwawo:
- amanoni;
- ibhotela;
- ukhilimu, ukhilimu omuncu;
- izinhlobo ezithile ushizi;
- i-caviar;
- ubuchopho.
Izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwemilenze sekwephuzile
Esikhathini sikashukela, izinzwa nemithambo yezitho zomzimba ezingezansi kuyathinteka. Imisipha ihlushwa izifo zokukhunta. Ngenxa yalokhu, izilonda ezi-trophic zingakha ezinyaweni. Ukungazinaki izinguquko ezenzekayo noma ukwelashwa okungafanele kuholele ebubini, ekulahlekeni kwemilenze.
Imilenze yesiguli incike, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinguquko zesifo sikashukela ngenxa kashukela omningi. Baphathwa ngudokotela wezinyawo (uchwepheshe wezinyawo onguchwepheshe). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izilonda ze-vascular zenzeka ngenxa ye-cholesterol eyeqile. Kunesidingo sokuxhumana nodokotela ohlinzayo wamathambo (angiologist). Imvamisa, isiguli sinazo zombili izinhlobo zezinguquko. Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-endocrinologist enhle ekushayweni kwe-ankle inquma isimo semithambo emilenzeni yesiguli.
Udokotela ophathwayo uphatha ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, uphatha izinyawo. Isazi se-angiologist sisebenza ngemikhumbi emilenzeni. I-complication, ebizwa ngokuthi "unyawo lwesifo sikashukela," iphathwa ngudokotela wezidakamizwa. Izikhungo zesifo sikashukela zezifunda, futhi ikakhulu emadolobheni aseMoscow naseSt. Petersburg, zinochwepheshe abanjalo.
Izimpawu ezingenzeka ngokuhlangana, njengesifo, noma zodwa, zibonisa ukwehlulwa kweziphetho eziningi ezikude ze-nerve (polyneuropathy):
Ungayelapha kanjani imilenze nesifo sikashukela- izinyawo zibanda;
- hamba ukhubazekile;
- ukuzwela kuyalahleka;
- umuzwa ovuthayo ovela ekuthinteni;
- ukuqina kwemisipha (ukuqina kwawo akukho);
- amalunga alimaze.
Iziguli ziqaphele iphethini elandelayo ukuthi ukungakhululeki emilenzeni kuzwakala ikakhulukazi ebusuku, ukuphumula. Ukuthinta isikhumba sokulala nezingubo zangaphansi ezenziwe ngezindwangu zokwenziwa akumnandi. Amanxeba nokushayeka emzimbeni, ngokunengqondo, kufanele kuphole kungakapheli amasonto ayi-1-2. Ngokuwohloka kwesifo, inqubo yokuphulukisa ibambezeleka izinyanga.
Izilonda zesikhumba ziphenduka izilonda zesifo sikashukela
I-Macroangiopathy iholela ekulimaleni kwemithambo yegazi enkulu futhi, ngenxa yalokho, i-arteriosulinosis obliterans of the low extremities kwenzeka. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngohlobo 2 sikashukela. Ukuxazulula kunqunywa kalula yizibonakaliso zayo zokuqala - izinhlungu emilenzeni. Lapho ngihamba, isiguli sihamba nge-gait eyinqaba, eyayibizwa ngokuthi "ukuvuvukala ngezikhathi ezithile."
Umuntu onesifo sikashukela angazitholela eyakhe imisipha. Itheyiphu yesentimitha ethambile ilinganisa umthamo wethanga nomlenze ophansi, bese umphumela uqoshwa. Ngokulashwa okungasebenzi, izinyawo zesiguli zihlala zibanda, ukujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle kubhalwe kuzo. Umbala wesikhumba emilenzeni yi-cyanotic. Ngemuva kokuphulukiswa kwezilonda, amamaki amnyama asala. Amaseli wethishu athintwa yimikhiqizo ye-glucose oxidation alahlekelwa amandla awo okuvuselela (ukuvuselela). Lokhu kungumphumela oqondile we-neuropathy kanye ne-angiopathy.
Izimbangela eziningana zingaholela ku-gangrene yesifo sikashukela:
- i-microtrauma engapheli yokwelapha;
- imiphumela yokushisa esikhumbeni (ukushiswa, i-frostbite);
- amabele;
- i-torown toenails;
- izifo zokukhunta.
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwenkambo yalesi sifo, i-gangrene emanzi neyomile iyahlukaniswa. Izinyawo zithambekele ebuhlungwini obukhulu. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokungenelela udokotela ohlinzayo. Ngaphandle kokunqunywa kwendawo ethintekile, isiguli sigijimisa ingozi yokubulawa wubuthi begazi.
Wonke ama-nuances wokuthuthukiswa kwe-neuropathy ne-angiopathy yemilenze
Izinkomba zesikhashana zezinkinga zesifo sikashukela azihambi kuphela kuzinga le-glycemia lesiguli. Ukuthuthuka kwabo okusheshayo kuthintwa yi:
- iminyaka yesineke;
- isipiliyoni kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela;
- ukwenza buthaka komzimba ungasebenzi.
Ngokusho kokuzijwayeza ama-endocrinologists, ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kweglucose egazini, i-neuropathy ne-angiopathy kukhula kungakapheli unyaka. Izinkomba ezinoshukela ezilinganiselwe, isikhathi sokutholwa kwezinkinga sekwephuzile - siyenyuka siye eminyakeni eyi-10. Uma isifo sikashukela sinxephezelwa kahle, khona-ke aqhamuka eminyakeni esekhulile, ngenxa yalokho, okokuqala, wezinguquko ezihlobene nobudala. I-Arterial hypertension (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) ikhulisa ukukhula kwabo.
I-Angiopathy idala umonakalo ohlanganyelwe
Ukunikezwa kwegazi okunganele kuqala ukwenzeka kwezinqubo ezingezinhle ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal. Izicubu ze-cartilaginous ezimboze amalunga ziyabanjiswa. Usawoti ubekwa eduze kwabo, lokho okubizwa ngameva kuyakhula. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela uphoqeleka ukuba anciphise ukunyakaza ngenxa yobuhlungu emalungeni emilenzeni (edolweni, edolweni, okhalweni). Iziguli ziphawula imizwa ebuhlungu yamandla ahlukahlukene emahlombe bese iphansi emuva. Babekiwe, njengomthetho, ama-vasodilators nama-painkillers.
Ikhuthaza ukubuyiselwa kwezicubu ezithintekile, ikhambi lokwelashwa:
- izidakamizwa ze-vasodilator (Trental, Solcoseryl);
- amavithamini weqembu le-B (i-Milgamma, aqukethe amafomu B1, B6), i-nicotinic acid;
- Imithi eyehlisa i-cholesterol (i-Zokor, i-Leskol, Mevacor, i-Lipantin).
I-Expo-lipon iqukethe i-alpha-lipoic acid, engabuyisela ukwakheka kwezicubu zezinzwa. Ngokuhambisana, baqhuba inkambo yokwelashwa ne-Omeprazole ukuze kusebenze ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwe-mucosa yesisu.
Ngokuqiniswa koshukela, ukuvuselelwa kabusha kokuphela kwezinzwa kanye nama-capillaries kungenzeka. Ukutsha kanye nokubabazalala kunyamalale, amanxeba nokuhlukumezeka kuphulukisa ngokushesha. Inqubo yokutakula ihamba kancane, kepha noma kunjalo kungenzeka. Lokhu kunika ithuba lokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yesiguli sikashukela.
Unyawo - umlenze osengozini yesifo sikashukela
Umlenze ophansi uyindawo ethile yenkinga yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Kwakudinga ukwahlukaniswa nokukhethekile kwezokwelapha kwendlela emincane yokuwelapha. Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi izinyawo zabanesifo sikashukela kungenzeka zithinteke kunama-shins, amadolo, noma okhalweni.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukulethwa kwegazi kube kubi kakhulu, kungaphezu kwethambo lomzimba. Unyawo luyindawo engafinyeleleki. Nge-neuropathy, ukuzwela kuyalahleka. Isiguli sinokulawulwa okuncane ngaphezulu kwezinyawo zangaphansi; ukwelapha ukulimala nokutheleleka kunzima kakhulu. Izifo zokukhunta zivame ukuthinta izipikili kanye nezikhala ezihlukanayo.
Izinhlamvu ezivelayo zingaba umphumela:
- ukugqoka izicathulo eziqinile nezingakhululeki;
- izinyawo eziphansi;
- ubude obuhlukile bemilenze;
- keratinization yezithende.
Izingozi ezisengozini kakhulu yizindawo ezilandisa ngobuningi bokuhamba. Isikhumba esikubo simbozwe ngesaga esingazwisisi (ummbila). Imifantu ingakheka kuyo. Uma kwenzeka utheleleka, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuqalwe ukwakhiwa kwesilonda esihlanzekile. Kuthinta izicubu ezijulile onyawo, kuya ematsheni nasemathanjeni.
Ungayivikela kanjani imilenze nezinyawo kwizilonda zesifo sikashukela?
Izindlela ezahlukahlukene emilenzeni, yanoma imuphi umsuka, kumele zigadwe ngokucophelela. Lapho kuvela isilonda esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi ngezimpawu ezihambisana nalesi sikhathi, kuyaphuthuma ukubonana nodokotela, mhlawumbe uchwepheshe wezitho zofuzo. Izilonda ze-fungal ziphathwa udokotela wezikhumba.
Izinyawo kufanele zivikelwe, gwema ukuskena, ngenxa:
- ukuluma kwezinambuzane (wasp, umiyane);
- ukulunywa yi-allergic;
- abrasions kusuka ukuwa.
Isiguli kufanele sihlole njalo phezulu kwezinyawo zayo, futhi sizwe phansi. Uma ukutholwa noma ukuqhekeka kutholakele, ungabuka ngokufaka isibuko esikhundleni sezinyawo zakho. Odokotela batusa ukuthi iziguli eziya emsebenzini zivivinye nsuku zonke. Ukuphumula, imvamisa ekhaya nokusebenzisa ama-slipper, izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngesonto.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi kunqunyiwe noma kubhidlikile, umonakalo esikhunjeni uphathwa nge-antiseptic (hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine). Ungasebenzisa amakhambi abantu (ukumnika i-chamomile, i-calendula, i-sage). Kufakwa ingubo eyomile engenhla.
Ngokuzayo, isiguli sibheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwenzeka kanjani. Amanye ama-antiseptics (i-iodine, aluhlaza okotshani) awalungele ukwelashwa kwezilonda zomlenze kushukela. Izisombululo zabo ezinemibala egqamile azivumeli ukuqaphela amandla enkambiso yokuvuvukala.
Ngemuva kokugeza, izinyawo zisuliwe. Izinsipho zisebenzisa ukungathathi hlangothi. Isikhumba esomile sigcotshwe ngo-ukhilimu wengane. Phakathi kweminwe kungcono ukuphatha i-talcum powder ukuvimbela ukuqhuma kwe-diaper. Izipikili zisikiwe ziqonde hhayi ezimfushane, zibona ukungahambisani, amakhona, kunefayela.
Isikhumba se-keratinized ezithendeni sihlanza ngokucophelela nge-pumice, ngemuva kokubamba izinyawo ngamanzi afudumele (hhayi amanzi ashisayo!)
Ochwepheshe batusa izicathulo ezikhululekile nezikhululekile, hhayi izicathulo eziphakeme eziphakeme, amasentimitha angama-4. Amasokisi, amathayi agqokwa ezindwangu zemvelo, ngaphandle kwamabhande aqinile. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezicathulo nezingubo zokukhona kwama-specks amancane kuyadingeka.
Izinkinga ngemilenze zingenzeka kulolu hlobo lwesibili nohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, kepha amathuba okuthuthuka kwemicimbi ahlukile. Isiguli esisebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-insulin nokudla sidinga ukuthola isinxephezelo esanelisayo. Akanayo enye indlela yokulawula nokuvimbela izilonda zomlenze. Thayipha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 esihluleka ukufeza umphumela wezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic sinethemba le-insulin. Into enzima kakhulu kubo ukunqoba ukwesaba kwenaliti yesirinji.
Umuthi wanamuhla unezidakamizwa ezikhethekile nezindlela zokwelapha izilonda zesifo sikashukela. Isiguli sinawo wonke amathuba okusinda size sifinyelele eminyakeni esezingeni eliphakeme, sisebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, silawulwa ushukela egazini, sibheka ukudla okunengqondo, sisebenza futhi siphumula futhi siyeka nokubhema.
