I-endocrine pathology ye-pancreas ingenye yezingcosana ezifundwe kahle, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inani elikhulu lokuqagela elihlekisayo lihambisana nakho. Ngingaqonda kanjani ngokunokwethengelayo kusuka kuzimpawu zokuqala zokuthi isifo sikashukela siyakhula? Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezimpawu zesifo sokuqala kwabesifazane, abesilisa nezingane? Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvikela nezithuluzi ezisiza ukuvikela ekuphazamiseni umdlandla we-metabolic?
Ukutholwa yisifo sikashukela
Umzimba ngamunye uhlukile, futhi izimpawu zesifo esifanayo zingazibonakalisa ngokwamaqondo ahlukahlukene. Ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela okuyingozi kungenzeka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, noma lapho kudingeka ukuqinisekisa ukutholwa, ukucacisa uhlobo lwesifo, kwenziwa ukuhlola okukhethekile kwegazi nomchamo.
Ukusungula isifo se-pancreatic, ungasebenzisa:
- ukuvivinya ushukela;
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated;
- ukuthola i-peptide ye-C;
- ukulungisa ubukhona beshukela, i-acetone emchameni.
Esibhedlela esinokuhlolwa okuphelele okwenziwa ngongoti bezokwelapha, ama-endocrinologists asungula ukuxilongwa okuqondile emazingeni ahlukahlukene (okujwayelekile noma ukubola kwesifo sikashukela). Kwesinye isikhathi, ngemiphumela emihle yokuhlolwa, lesi sifo singatholakala ngokuthembekile kuphela ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela (i-arteriossteosis, umbono omncane, ukuphuma kwezinsini).
Ukwelashwa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka:
- okokufaka okwengeziwe kwama-hypoglycemic agents (amaphilisi, imijovo ye-insulin);
- ukukhululwa komzimba;
- Ukuhambisana nemikhawulo yokudla esebenza ku-carbohydrate nokudla okunamafutha.
Ukufihlwa okunganele kwe-insulin yi-pancreas kuholela ekwephulweni kwazo zonke izinhlobo ze-metabolism (amaprotheni, amafutha, i-carbohydrate). Izinga lokuphendula emzimbeni liyashintsha: abanye bayashesha, abanye behlisa ijubane. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokungalingani kwezinqubo, okunzima kakhulu ukukubuyisela. Ngakho-ke, ukwanda kokuqhekeka kwamafutha kuholela ekubonakaleni kwemizimba ye-ketone emchameni. Ngenxa yokuncipha kwendawo ye-alkaline yegazi, inani elikhulu lamafutha acid lingena esibindini.
Esikhathini sikashukela, ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol okwandayo kwenzeka. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni, ngokuhlukile, kuyancishiswa. Ukumelana nezifo kuyancipha. Ukulahleka okukhulu kukamanzi kuholela ekuqothulweni komzimba. Kanye nomchamo, izinto zokulandela umkhondo nosawoti (i-potassium, i-chlorides, i-nitrogen, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium) zisuswa kuwo. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthola ukuphazamiseka okubulalayo ohlelweni lwesitho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izimpawu ezifanayo ezinezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesifo sikashukela esimweni sokuqala zikhula ngokushesha, kwesibili - kancane kancane ngaphezulu kweminyaka eminingana
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela
Ngokuphathelene nokwehla kokungaziguli kweziguli zalezi zinhlobo zombili, inkomba yokutheleleka iyakhuphuka, isifo sofuba, izifo zokuvuvukala zomgudu wokuchama, nezinso (pyelonephritis) zingakhula.
Izikhalazo eziphambili zeziguli yilezi ezilandelayo:
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela kowesifazane- ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba u-metabolism (ukoma, ulwelwesi olomile, ukuchama njalo);
- ukushintshwa okubukhali kwesisindo (ukunciphisa isisindo ngohlobo lwe-1 lwesifo futhi ukwengeza ne-2nd);
- ukonakala kwesimo esijwayelekile (amandla ancishisiwe wokusebenza nenkumbulo, ubuthakathaka);
- ukubonakala kokumiswa, ukwakheka kokuvuvukala kwesikhumba;
- ukweqa kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa (ukuphazamiseka kokulala, ukungabikhona);
- ukwenzeka kobuhlungu (ikhanda, enhliziyweni, izicubu zamathole).
Ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic, izimpawu aziveli ngokuhlukile, kepha kokuhlanganayo, kuvela wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele banake ikakhulukazi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo. Ngokwezibalo, kuze kube yi-2% yazo zonke izinhlobo zokukhulelwa kwenzeka ekuvumelaneni ushukela. Kusungulwe ukuthi i-pathology enamandla kakhulu izazisa ngesikhathi esibhekele, ingozi enkulu yokuthuthuka kwayo kowesifazane ngemuva kokubeletha.
Ekukhuleni kwe-intrauterine kwengane ene-hyperglycemia (ushukela ophakeme) kamama, kunobungozi obukhulu bokushona kwe-perinatal, anomalies wokuzalwa, kanye nokukhula kwesifo sikashukela eminyakeni engama-5 ukuya kweli-10 ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ezimweni eziningi, izinkomba ze-glycemia eziphakeme zowesifazane owazalayo zijwayelekile.
Izimpawu zomuntu ngamunye zokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela zihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle komchamo, ukuzala, imizwa, ukugaya ukudla. Ngakho-ke, ukuchama kaningi kubonakala kakhulu ebusuku, lapho umuntu ephumule.
Ukuphazamiseka kokulala kungabonakala ngokuqwasha ebusuku nokulala phakathi nosuku. Abesifazane baqaphela ukwehla kwe-libido (i-sex drive), amadoda - potency. Izifo zokukhuphuka kwezipikili kanye nezitho zangasese ziyavela. Ezinye iziguli ziyakwazi ukubona ukuthi amaconsi omchamo ashiya amabala amhlophe kwilineni elimnyama.
Iziguli zikhononda ngokuguquguquka kwesifiso esiyingqayizivele: ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, kuyanda, ngokubonakaliswa kwe-ketoacidosis (ukuba khona kwezidumbu ze-ketone, i-acetone kumchamo), kuyehla kube ukuphambukela okuphelele kokudla. Kwentsha enohlelo lobuthakathaka olubuthakathaka, ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kungahle kufihlwe ngemuva kwesimo se-anorexia.
Isizini salesi sifo ngezikhathi ezinokushisa okungazinzile nomswakama ophezulu, izifo ezithinta imimoya ezihambisana nokwanda kwenani lamagciwane (i-rubella, iminyuzi).
Uhlobo 2 sikashukela luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lomndeni lwalesi sifo. Ngenxa yokuthi iqala ngokukhiqizwa okweqisa noma okunciphise i-hormone yamanyikwe, amaseli womzimba aba namandla (angavikeleki kahle) kwi-insulin. Ngokungafani neyokuqala, ngohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, ukufakwa koshukela emathunjini kuyinto evamile. Ukuguquka kwakhe kusuka egazini kuye emaseli ahlukahlukene omzimba kuphazamiseka.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqala kwesigaba sokuqala sesifo sikashukela, ukusebenza kwamaseli we-beta wesitho se-endocrine sekunciphile ngaphezulu kwesigamu, okuholele ekwandeni kwezinga le-glycemic. Kungakhathaleki ukuthi zibonakalanga yini noma cha yini izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zemithambo yegazi ziqala ukukhula.
I-physiology yomuntu ngamunye inquma ukuthi iziphi izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia ezibonakalayo.
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela kufanele zifakwe ukukhombisa ukwelashwa kanye nokwelashwa okufanele. Isifo sohlobo lwesibili, sesidlulile esigabeni sokubuyiselwa kwemali, singangena esimweni esijwayelekile esijwayelekile. Iziguli ezinokwethenjelwa kungenzeka zingabi nemibuzo mayelana nokwelashwa kwe-insulin, izinkinga zemithambo, ukunqunywa kwezingalo.
Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela kungukudla okufanele, ukuvimbela ukugcwala okungokomzwelo isikhathi eside nemiphumela yokutheleleka. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kubantu abasengozini yokuba nomzali oyedwa noma ababili abagulayo.
