I-Pancreatic MRI

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Izindlela zesimanje zensimbi zidlala indima enkulu ekuhlonzeni izifo eziningi. Ezinye zazo (i-radiogra noma i-computer tomography) zifundisa kabanzi ocwaningweni lwezakhiwo zomzimba womzimba, ezibandakanya izicubu ezinzima nezomeleleyo. Ezinye zibaluleke kakhulu ekutholakalweni kwezifo zezitho zangaphakathi ezimelwe izicubu ezithambile. Izindlela ezinjalo zifaka i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Amanyikwe aqukethe i-parenchyma (izicubu zayo), ekhiqiza ama-enzymes wokugaya kanye nama-hormone, okuvela eziteshini ezincane nezinkulu zokukhutshelwa lapho secretion yesitho singena emathunjini. Sizungezwe yi-capsule futhi ihlatshwa imithambo yegazi kanye ne-nerve plexuses. Zonke lezi zinhlaka azinabo abantu abanele futhi zibonakala ngokuphelele ngesikhathi, ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray. Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound kunganikeza umbono othile wokwakheka kwamanyikwe, ukubona ngemingcele ikakhulukazi imingcele phakathi kwezakhiwo ezivela ezicutshini ezihlukile. Kepha ayikwazi "ukwenza" imininingwane emincane noma ukuthola umsebenzi wesitho ngamandla amakhulu, ngesikhathi sangempela. Futhi kuphela i-Manc pancreatic eseyindlela yokufundisa namuhla, ezimweni eziningi zenani lokuhlonza elibalulekile.


I-Magnetic tomography isiza ukwahlukanisa ubuhlungu besisu

Izinzuzo ze-MRI ku-pancreatic pathologies

Kutholwe maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule, isici sokuphendula okushiwo ama-athomu e-hydrogen ekuchayweni kwamandla kazibuthe masisha sasebenza ngokushesha kwezokwelapha. Izicubu zomzimba womuntu ngamunye ziqukethe i-athomu le-hydrogen, okuthi uma selisezandleni zamandla kazibuthe, lisheshise ukunyakaza kwazo. Lapho ithonya lamandla kazibuthe liqedwa, ukunyakaza kwabo kubuyela kwesejwayelekile. Kwakungulo mehluko esimweni sama-athomu e-hydrogen atholakala izinzwa ezikhethekile futhi kwakha isisekelo sokucabanga kuka-magnetic resonance.

Izimpawu ezivela ezicutshini ze-pancreatic ziguqulelwa kudivayisi ye-MRI ibe isithombe esibonakalayo, esicacile futhi esibonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza "izithombe" eziningana, lapho ezingqendweni zimelela ukwakheka kwesitho. Zingasetshenziselwa ukuthola izindlela ezincane kakhulu, ububanzi kusuka ku-2 mm, okwenza sikwazi ukuthola izifo ezihlukahlukene zesifo ngesikhathi esifanele.

Le ndlela futhi ifaka ukusetshenziswa kwe-amplification kusetshenziswa ama-ejenti wokuqhathanisa, ikakhulukazi esifundweni sezakhiwo ze-patity of the organ. Isibonelo, nge-pathology esolakalayo yemisele yokumbeka noma imithambo yegazi. Inqubo eyenziwe ngamandla ifaka uchungechunge lwezithombe kumphenyi wezinto, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi kutholakale ukwephulwa hhayi nje kwesakhiwo se-pancreas, kepha futhi "nokwehluleka" ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yayo.

I-Magnetic resonance imaging ayisebenzisi noma yimiphi i-irradiation, futhi umthwalo wamakhemikhali, ngendlela yokuqhathanisa izinkomba ezikhethekile, umncane kakhulu futhi uqedwa ngokushesha ngumzimba. Le ndlela iphephile ngokuphelele, ayibangeli noma yiziphi izinhlungu ezigulini futhi ibekezelelwa kalula yizo, ngisho nangezikhathi ezinde. Kungenziwa kaninginingi, uma kunezinkomba ezithile, ngaphandle kokulimala okuncane empilweni yeziguli futhi ngaphandle komthelela omubi esimweni se-pancreas.


Iningi leziguli libekezelela inqubo ngokuphelele

Izinqubo ze-Pathological kusitho esephula ukwakheka nokusebenza kwazo zihlala ziqala ukukhula kancane kancane, futhi ngokuvamile ukwakheka kwesithombe somtholampilo "kubambezeleka" uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguquko ezikhona ezivele zivele kumbiba. Uma wenza lolu cwaningo ekuqaleni, lapho kunezikhalazo zokuqala nezimpawu zokuqala, ungakuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa okuzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-MRI ye-pancreas ingabuye futhi iveze izinguquko ezithweni eziseduze kwayo (isisu, i-duodenum, i-gall bladder kanye neziqubu zayo, isibindi).

Ngokuvamile, izinzuzo eziphambili zale ndlela yesimanje yokuxilonga imi kanje:

  • izinga eliphakeme lokuqukethwe, okunquma ubukhulu, ukwakheka kwezitho zomzimba, isimo sezinhlaka zazo zangaphandle nezangaphakathi;
  • ukucwaninga okunamandla kwemisebenzi;
  • amandla okulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology nokulungiswa kwesikhathi kwerejimeni yokwelashwa;
  • ukuphepha, ukungavikeleki, amathuba okusebenzisa okuphindaphindiwe;
  • ukuhlinzekwa okusheshayo kwemininingwane eyengeziwe nebalulekile ezimweni lapho idatha evela kwezinye izindlela (i-ultrasound, i-radiography) ingasizi khona udokotela ukwenza ukuxilongwa okulungile.

Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, ngisho namandla e-MRI akwanele. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi uma iziguli zinenhlanganisela yezifo ezenzeka ngendlela enzima. Isibonelo, lapho i-pancreatitis iba khona ngemuva kwemvelaphi ye-gastritis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, noma lapho kudingekile ukwahlukanisa isimila kumanyikwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kusetshenziswa i-computer tomography (CT) eyengeziwe, enikeza, kanye ne-MRI, imininingwane ephezulu.


Kusukela ezithombeni ungabala usayizi wesitho, ukunquma ukwakheka nokwakheka kwawo

I-CT futhi isho ngamasu wesimanje avumela ukutholakala kwezifo kwezifo ngokuthola uchungechunge lwezithombe ezifundisayo zezitho. Kepha inezinkomba ezikhethekile, njengoba isisekelo sendlela, njengakwi-radiography, kungukufakelwa kwesiguli ngama-x-ray. Yikuphi okungcono, i-MRI noma i-CT, nokuthi ungayisebenzisa ngasikhathi sinye, kudokotela kuphela obonayo onquma, ebheka izimfanelo ezithile zeziguli.

Izinkomba kanye ne-contraindication

Izikhalazo ngezifo zohlelo lokugaya imvamisa ziyefana. Lokhu ukucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukugabha, ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo, ukuthamba (ukuvuvukala), ushintsho ekunambithekeni nasekuthambekeni, i-plaque olimini. Isifo sezinhlungu esinezimpawu ezithile futhi singabonisa izifo ezingenzeka zezitho ezimbili noma ezintathu zangaphakathi ngasikhathi sinye. Ngakho-ke, izinhlungu esiswini engenhla zingabangelwa yi-pathologies yesisu, duodenum, pancreas.

Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuphothula ukuhlolwa kwesiguli nokuqoqa izikhalazo, udokotela kufanele anikeze ukuhlolwa kwe-elebhu nokwedlulele. Uma kusolwa isifo se-pancreatic, izinkomba ezilandelayo ze-magnetic tomography zinqunywa:

Amaphilisi wePancreatic Pain
  • i-neoplasm esakhiweni (ukuqapha amandla okukhula kwayo, izinsolo zokuba khona kwe-tumor eyinhloko noma i-metastases);
  • izinguquko zokuvuvukala noma ze-fibrotic gland in pancreatitis acute noma engapheli;
  • izifo zesibindi, isisu, i-gall bladder kanye ne-biliary;
  • ushintsho kuma-carbohydrate metabolism (onesifo sikashukela, ngokwesibonelo);
  • ukulimala kobuhlungu emzimbeni
  • izinsolo zokuqothuka kwemithambo yendlala noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
  • ukusola kwe-abscess ku-capsule ye-gland noma ku-fiber organ;
  • inani elanele lemininingwane yokuxilonga etholwe ezinye izindlela zokusebenzisa.

Kwezinye izimo, naphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo ze-MRI, ukwenza lolu cwaningo kukhonjelwe. Kwezinye izikhathi izimo ezinjalo zingezesikhashana noma zihlobene, lapho zingalungiswa ngendlela ethile. Isibonelo, uma kwenzeka ukuthi ama-psychology noma i-neurological pathologies angavumeli ukwenza i-tomography ngenxa yesimo sesiguli ngobuchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuthi uqhubeke nokulungiselela izidakamizwa. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungcono ukungabeki i-MRI, kepha, uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo, le ndlela ingasetshenziswa ku-2nd trimester.


Ukuthola kwe-MRI ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuhlale kunqunywa ngawodwana

Kukhona ama-contraindication aphelele lapho iMRI kufanele ithathelwe indawo ezinye izindlela. Lokhu kufaka isimo esibi kakhulu sesiguli, ukukhuluphala kwama-degree angama-3-4 (kuya ngokutholakala kwemishini ye-tomographic), ukuba khona kokufakwa kwezinsimbi emzimbeni, okungasusa imininingwane. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ubhekisise ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi isiguli singaphenduki ngokunye uma siqhathanisa nabamele umahluko sihlelelwe. Kulezi zimo, kumele kuqala ungafaki ubukhona be-allergies esigulini.

Ucwaningo

Ukuze idatha etholakele ibe yusizo kakhulu ekuxilongeni izifo ezitholakala ngokuphelelwa yithemba, kubalulekile ukwenza izinyathelo ezithile ngaphambi kwe-MRI. Ukulungiselela okunjalo akunzima nhlobo esigulini futhi kuqukethe ama-aphoyintimenti alandelayo:

  • ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kwenqubo ungaphuzi utshwala neziphuzo ngophethiloli;
  • ungadli ukudla amahora angama-5-8 ngaphambi kwesifundo;
  • susa ukubhobozwa ngaphambi kwe-MRI;
  • uma kunesidingo, kwenziwa i-enema yokuhlanza.

Inqubo yenziwa egumbini elihlukile lapho kufakelwa khona imishini ye-MRI, ngokuvamile ibe ngesimo somhubhe lapho isiguli sibekwa khona embhedeni. Kukhona umoya omncane kanye nokuxhumana nodokotela. Uma usebenzisa umehluko (kususelwa ku-gadolinium, hhayi i-iodine), uphathwa ngaphakathi, kepha ngemuva kokuskena kokuqala. Ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengama-20 kuye kwayi-40 kuye ngokuya izinkomba, umxilonga uthola iqoqo lezithombe.


Ukwanda kwendawo kwesitho kukhombisa ubukhona besimila

Ukuchazwa kwezithombe kuvame ukuthatha amahora angama-2-3, lapho udokotela enquma futhi esho lonke ushintsho oluncane emgodini we-parenchyma, ducts, capule of pancreas, kanye nasezicubu zomakhelwane. Isiguli sithola isiphetho ezandleni, esichaza imingcele evamile yesitho noma ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-pathological. Njengomthetho, akuyona eyokuxilonga kokugcina, kepha isiza udokotela ohambelayo, ngokususelwa kwizikhalazo kanye nesithombe somtholampilo, ekugcineni unquma uhlobo lwesifo samanyikwe.

Ukuthola imininingwane etholakala ngesikhathi sokufunda

Imagnetic resonance imaging yenza sikwazi ukubona ngokunemba okukhulu ushintsho lwe-morphological kuzicubu zezitho zezitho ezihlangene ze-pathologies ezahlukahlukene. Okukhombisa i-MRI yamanyikwe, kunganqunywa kuphela uchwepheshe oye wenza izifundo zokuqeqesha. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kunazo zonke ezithombeni nokuhlanganiswa kwazo okuhlukahlukene zisebenza njengezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuxilonga ezisiza ukucacisa i-pathology yesitho ezinyangeni zokuqala futhi kuvame ukusindisa impilo yesiguli.

Izinguquko esibonelweni se-gland senqubo yokuvuvukala (nge-pancreatitis) zivame ukubonwa. Ngo ukuvuvukala obukhulu, ukwanda kokukhulisa kwesitho, ukukhuphuka kwegazi, ukuqina kanye nokuqina kwe-capsule kunqunywa. Imvamisa ezungeze i-gland, ifomu le-purulent abscesses. Ezimweni eziningi ze-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona, kunalokho, ukwehla kwesayizi kwesitho kuyinto ebonakalisayo, ngenxa yokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-parenchyma ngezicubu ze-fibrous. Ukuwohloka nokwenqena kwemisele, ukwakheka kwama-cysts, ukuqothuka kwamafutha we-parenchyma, ubukhona bezimali zikasawoti we-calcium kuyabonakala.

Uma kukhona i-neoplasm kumanyikwe, ke i-MRI izokukhombisa lokhu ngokuqiniseka okukhulu, futhi ngokwehlukile: i-cyst, i-pseudocyst, noma isimila. Kuzo zonke izidakamizwa ezitholakele, cishe zingama-90%, ngeshwa, umdlavuza wesitho, i-adenocarcinoma. Ezithombeni, kuzonqunywa ukwenziwa kwasendaweni iningi kwekhanda lesikhumba, ngokukhuphuka kwayo kanye nokushintsha okuguqukayo. Uchungechunge olunikezwe izonikeza yonke imininingwane ngokusatshalaliswa kwesimila kanye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi.


Isiphetho se-MRI siba yisici esinqumayo ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa kokugcina

Imvamisa, ama-cysts kanye nama-pseudocysts afakwa kumanyikwe. Zibonwa njengezakhiwo eziyindilinga, zivame ukuba neziqeshana eziningana kanye "namaphakethe", nge-capsule eminyene. Zingadlula ngaphezu komzimba futhi zibe ne-foci yokubala. Ngokungafani nama-purulent abscesses, igobolondo lama-cysts nama-pseudocysts alinazo izindlela zokubumbana, okubonisa inqubo esebenzayo yokuvuvukala.

Ukubaluleka kwe-MRI ekuxilongeni i-pancreatic pathologies kunzima ukukuqonda ngokweqile. Usebenzisa le ndlela, ungathola isimila esishubile, i-purulent foci kanye nezinye izinguquko ezinkulu kusitho esisongela impilo nempilo yabantu.

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