Eminyakeni eminingi edlule, ososayensi babeka phambili i-etiology ejwayelekile yazo zonke izifo - izinzwa. Umqondo ungowefilosofi kakhulu kunokwelashwa. Kepha ingxenye enkulu yeqiniso kulo musho yile. Kulokhu, kwatholakala iqembu elikhethekile lezifo - i-psychosomatic. Lapho kwenzeka leli qembu lezifo, i-psyche kanye nomkhakha ongokomzwelo womuntu ngamunye ubamba iqhaza elibalulekile.
Namuhla, odokotela abaningi bazibuza ukuthi ngabe i-cholesterol ingavuka yini ekucindezelekeni. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kaningi, ukukhomba ukwephulwa kwe-metabolism yamafutha kubantu ngokumelene nesizinda sempilo ephelele yomuntu.
Ukwanda kwe-cholesterol kuyimbangela yokuqalwa kwe-atherosulinosis, ukwakheka kwe-thrombus, izinhlekelele ezihlasela imithambo yegazi nemiphumela ebulalayo. Ngenxa yobunzima bokuqunjelwa yisifo kanye nemiphumela yesifo se-atherosclerosis, sonke isiguli esukela eminyakeni engama-25 ubudala kufanele sihlolwe inhliziyo nesifo sokuxilongwa kwemizwa ukuze kutholakale isifo nokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi.
I-cholesterol (cholesterol) iyi-lipid ebalulekile. Amamolekyuli amaningi we-cholesterol ahlanganiswa kakhulu emzimbeni, kodwa ingxenye ethile iza nokudla. Indima ye-cholesterol emzimbeni iphezulu kakhulu. Ubamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni kodonga lweseli, ama-steroid kanye nama-hormone ocansi, ukumuncwa kwama-vithamini ancibilikiswa ngamafutha ngamangqamuzana, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwama-bile acid. Le lipid ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yokungabi bikho kwayo, ukuthikamezeka okukhulu komsebenzi wamasu wokusebenza komzimba kungaqalwa. Kodwa uma imikhawulo idluliwe, i-cholesterol ithwala ingozi enkulu.
Egazini, ama-molecule e-cholesterol athuthwa kanye namaprotheni okuhambisa - i-albhamuin. I-Albumin yiprotheni elenziwe esibindini.
Ngokuya ngenani lama-molecule e-cholesterol, ama-lipoproteins (amaprotheni e-lipid) ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ambalwa:
- i-lipoprotein ephezulu kakhulu futhi ephezulu kakhulu, enomphumela we-antiatherogenic;
- i-lipoprotein ephansi futhi ephansi kakhulu enomphumela we-atherogenic.
Izingxenyana ze-atherogenic zibonakaliswa yi-subsidence ezindongeni ze-endothelium kanye nokwakheka kwezigcawu ze-atherosclerotic. Futhi, ama-lipoprotein aphezulu kakhulu futhi aphezulu kakhulu akwazi ukucekela phansi nokusebenzisa ama-cholesterol plaque, athumba ama-molecule we-lipid ezindaweni zamahhala.
Ukuvezwa kwamamolekyuli e-cholesterol ku-endothelium kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-atherosulinosis futhi kuthinte kabi impilo yesiguli, kubangele i-pathologies elandelayo:
- Ingozi ye-cerebrovascular ajali.
- I-acute coronary syndrome.
- Isifo senhliziyo, emvamisa, i-angina pectoris.
- I-vascular thrombosis.
- Ukwephulwa kwe-potency kanye nokuzala.
- Ukwehlukanisa i-endarteritis.
- Jade
Ama-nosologies afakwe kuhlu awanciphisi kakhulu kuphela izinga lempilo lesiguli, kodwa futhi anciphisa isikhathi sawo.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwezokwelapha nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical kuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphazamiseka kwe-lipid metabolism.
Izimpawu zokuqala zokukhuphuka kwe-cholesterol kungaba ukubonakala kwamabala aphuzi (i-xanthoma, i-xanthelasm) ezintendeni zezandla nasekhoneni elingaphakathi lamehlo, izinhlungu enhliziyweni, ukuhamba komphanjwana njengokukhalima okwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile.
Izici Zobungozi be-Cholesterol
Ukuqoqwa kwe-cholesterol yegazi kuncike kuhlobo lokudla, indlela yokuphila kanye nokuba khona kwemikhuba emibi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pathology eyindlalifa ingavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinto, njengokubakhona kwezifo ezihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, kungathinta ubukhona be-cholesterol eyeqile.
Izici eziyingozi ezinkulu zokwakha isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi zihlanganisa:
- isakhi sofuzo;
- ukungasebenzi kwe-yegilo;
- izici zobulili: amadoda athambekele kakhulu ezigameko;
- abesifazane babonakala ngokwanda kwe-post-menopausal cholesterol;
- ubudala
- inkomba ephezulu yomzimba, ekhombisa ukukhuluphala kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile;
- ukwephulwa kokudla ngokweqile kokudla okwanele nsuku zonke;
- ukubhema;
- ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala
- ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi yezimoto.
Indima ekhethekile ekuthuthukiseni i-atherossteosis ukucindezelwa kwezinzwa. Imvamisa izimpawu zokuqala ze-pathology zesistimu yezinhliziyo zivela esikhathini ngemuva kwengcindezi ethile.
Ukuthembela kwe-cholesterol ekucindezelekeni
Ukuwohloka kwemizwa kungavusa izifo eziningi ezimbi kakhulu. I-Atherossteosis nayo iyahlukile.
Le nto yaqinisekiswa ngesikhathi sokuvivinywa komtholampilo okungahleliwe.
Ososayensi babebhekene nombuzo wokuthi ngabe i-cholesterol ne-atherogenic lipoprotein ohlelweni lwezinzwa zingakhuphuka yini. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaqembu amabili abantu aphenywa.
Iqembu lokuqala lifaka phakathi obefundile ngesikhathi sokufunda ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto zokucindezela. Eqenjini lesibili bekukhona labo ababenokulinganisela okuphezulu kwengqondo ne-neuropsychic.
Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi eqenjini lokuqala bekukhona amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, wona asungula ukuba khona kokuhlangana phakathi kwamazinga e-cholesterol nengcindezi. Ngakho-ke, ososayensi bafika esiphethweni sokuthi izingcindezi ne-cholesterol esegazini ziyimibono engenakususwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi kunokuxhomekeka okungaqondile kwezinga lama-hormone okucindezela kanye ne-cholesterol.
Ukwenza ngcono imizwa, abantu bavame ukusebenzisa ukudla ngokweqile, ngaleyo ndlela kukhuthaze ukukhuluphala.
Ngakho-ke, ukubekezelela ukucindezelwa kanye nendawo enhle yokomoya yengqondo kungathinta ngokuzuzayo ikhwalithi yempilo yomuntu.
Indlela yokuphila nge-cholesterol ephezulu
Ukuze uhlanze igazi lezingxenyana ezilimaza ngokweqile ze-lipid, okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuguqula indlela yokuphila.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole izincomo zokulungisa ukwephulwa komthetho.
Ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokwephulwa kwe-metabolism yamafutha.
Kuyadingeka ukwenza imisebenzi elandelayo ukulungisa nokuthuthukisa indlela yokuphila:
- Ukwakha indawo enhle yengqondo nengokomzwelo yokuzungeza wena. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwakha imodi yokusebenza efanelekile nokuphumula, ukusungula ubuhlobo nezihlobo, ukunaka ngokwanele impilo yakho yengqondo. Izinga le-cholesterol elimazayo lingakhuphuka esimweni sokusebenza ngokweqile, sebenza ezimeni zokusebenza ezilimazayo. Ukugwema lezi zici zobungozi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uguqule kakhulu imisebenzi yobungcweti.
- Namathela ezimisweni zokudla okunempilo. Imenyu enempilo kufanele ifake izithelo nemifino yesizini, isinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu, imikhiqizo yobisi, inyama enamafutha amancane, inkukhu, inhlanzi yolwandle, inani elincane loju, amantongomane namafutha zemifino. Ukudla kwe-subcaloric kuhlanganisa nokufakwa ngaphandle kwama-acid amaningi, i-sodium chloride, i-carbohydrate egaya ngokushesha nokudla okuguqulwe izakhi zofuzo.
- Ukulawulwa okumi kahle kwezimoto kusho ukusebenza komzimba okwenziwa njalo, okungakhulisa izivikeli mzimba futhi kufake isandla ekunciphiseni isisindo ngaphandle kokuyekethisa impilo.
Lapho ulungisa indlela yokuphila, iziguli ngokuvamile azidingi ukusetshenziswa kokhethekile kwezidakamizwa. Egazini, isilinganiso sezingxenyana ezisezingeni eliphansi le-lipoprotein, i-cholesterol yamahhala, ama-lipoprotein aphezulu kanye ne-triglycerides yenziwe yodwa. Ngaphansi kwethonya elinenzuzo lomsebenzi womzimba, ukuqina kohlelo lwezinzwa kungakhuphuka kanye nokusebenza kwemizwelo kukhululwe.
Izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
