Yize kunobuningi bezizukulwane ezintsha ze-antiseptic kanye nama-antimicrobial agents, ezinye izinhlobo zezidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa kwezokwelapha iminyaka eminingi namanje azilahlekelwa ukuhambisana kwazo ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu. Sikhuluma nge-Dioxidin, esetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuhlinzwa, kwezokuhlinzwa kwe-otorhinolaryngological nakweminye imikhakha yezokwelapha.
I-ATX
J01XX.
I-Dioxidine isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuhlinzwa kanye ne-ENT.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Umuthi wenziwa ngesimo sokugcotshwa kwamafutha kanye nesisombululo esiqukethe into esebenzayo - hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxide.
Isixazululo
Isixazululo se-Dioxidin siyatholakala kuma-ampoules we-10 no-20 ml, enziwe ngengilazi ebonakalayo. Le ndlela yesidakamizwa isetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, ukumnika kanye nokuphatha okungaphakathi. Ingaqukatha u-5 no-10 mg wesithako esisebenzayo. Ekwenzeni isixazululo sokwelapha, kusetshenziswa amanzi angahlanzwa.
Amafutha
U-5% wamafutha, enzelwe isicelo sangaphandle, uqukethe i-50 mg yesakhi esisebenzayo futhi uyatholakala ku-aluminium tube noma ingilazi yeglasi enomthamo wama-30 no-100 g. Ukulungiselela kufaka ne-macrogol, methyl paraben ne-nipazole, enomphumela osizayo.
Umuthi unezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokukhishwa.
Indlela yokusebenza
Umuthi ungoweqembu lama-antibacterial agents lemvelaphi yokwenziwa. Isenzo esiyinhloko se-pharmacological somuthi antimicrobial. Umuthi oyingxenye ye-dioxidine usebenza kakhulu ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamagciwane, ucekela phansi izindonga zamangqamuzana abo futhi uholele ekufeni kwama-ejenti athelelekayo.
Umuthi ungalwa ne-staphylococci, i-streptococci, i-protein, i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa ne-Escherichia coli, ama-pathogenas we-dysentery, ezinye izinhlobo zamagciwane we-anaerobic, Klebsiella, Salmonella.
Lapho welapha izilonda zesikhumba, leli thuluzi ligqugquzela ukuhlanzwa ngokushesha kwesilonda kusuka ezinhlwini ze-necrotic futhi kusheshise ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngokusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, umuthi udonswa kahle esikhunjeni, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous kanye nezilonda ezifake egazini. Kuyakhishwa emchameni.
Ngokuphathwa kwe-intravenous, ukugcwala okukhulu kwento kubhekwa emahoreni angama-1-2 ngemuva kokuba umuthi ungene egazini. Umphumela womuthi uhlala amahora angama-4-6. Ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside ikhambi, awukho umphumela wokuqongelelwayo. Ama-metabolites wesidakamizwa adalulwa ngokusebenzisa izinso.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Ungasebenzisa umuthi ngohlelo lokusebenza lwangaphandle kanye nokuphathwa kwezangaphakathi. Ngefomu ngalinye lesidakamizwa kukhona uhlu oluhlukile lwezinkomba zokusetshenziswa.
Ngakho-ke, ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous kwe-Dioxidin kunconyelwa i-sepsis, izinqubo ezijwayelekile zesimo se-purulent-inflammatory, i-purreat meningitis.
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwangaphandle
Amafutha nesixazululo sisetshenziselwa izinjongo ezilandelayo:
- ukwelashwa kwesikhumba esonakele kanye nokushiswa, amanxeba ajulile lapho kwakheka khona izinto ezingaphakathi kwe-necrotic, nezindawo zokuhlanza (isitho sasesikhumba, i-phlegmon, i-osteomyelitis foci);
- ukubulala amagciwane amanxeba ngemuva kokuhlinzwa;
- ukwelashwa kwezifo zesikhumba okucasulwe wumsebenzi owandayo we-staphylococci ne-streptococci futhi kuhambisane nokwakhiwa kwama-pustule e-purulent ebusweni nasemzimbeni.
- ukugabha umphimbo obuhlungu besimo segciwane;
- ukwelashwa kwendawo kwezifo ze-purulent zohlelo lokuphefumula (i-sinusitis, ukuvuvukala kwama-adenoids), izindlebe (abezindaba ze-otitis);
- ukugeza iso nge-conjunctivitis.
Ukuphathwa kwezangaphakathi
Imijovo ye-intracavitary yesisombululo yenziwa ku-urology, i-gynecology, ukuhlinzwa futhi ibekelwe izinqubo zokuvuvukala zemvelo ye-purulent, ikhula ezindaweni zesisu kanye ne-thoracic. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- i-cholecystitis ye-acute ye-acute;
- i-peritonitis;
- ukuvuvukala okuhlanzekile kwe-membrane ye-serous yamaphaphu (i-pleura);
- Izifo zomkhakha we-urogenital wesimo esithathelwanayo, esihambisana nokwakhiwa kwe-necrotic exudate emgodini wezitho zokuzala nezokuchama.
Lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziselwa nokunisela i-bladder ukuze kuvikeleke izinqubo ezithathelwanayo nezifo ezithathelwanayo zomgudu wokuchama ngemuva kokuqothuka.
Umuthi uphambaniswe nemithi uma kwenzeka kuphazamiseka ukusebenza kwe-adrenal.
Contraindication
Umuthi ubekwa ngemibono ebhekene nokungabekezelelani ezingxenyeni zesidakamizwa kanye nomsebenzi wokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Ungayivula kanjani i-ampoule?
Uma i-ampoule enesixazululo se-Dioksidina inengxenye encishisiwe en ichashaza elinemibala, lapho-ke kufanele ubeke isitsha ngomaki ubheke kuwe, ubambe umkhumbi ngentende yesandla sakho, ucindezele phezulu kwe-ampoule ngesithupha sakho, wephula isivalo.
Ukuvula isitsha sengilazi ngesisombululo esinengxenye engenhla ekhonjisiwe ngaphandle kophawu, udinga ukusebenzisa ifayili (linamathiselwe kwisidakamizwa). Kuyadingeka ukubeka ifayili ngaphesheya kwe-ampoule bese usika okuncane phezulu kwengilazi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukusonga intamo yesitsha ngesigaxa, indwangu noma uvolo wekotini bese uyiphula ngendlela efanayo njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla.
Ungayithatha kanjani?
Izici zokusetshenziswa kwomuthi zincike kwifomu lomthamo kanye nohlobo lwenkambiso yegazi. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Ngobungcweti, besebenzisa amaconsi. Ezimweni ze-septic, i-0.5% isetshenzisiwe, ukuyifaka kwisisombululo se-isotonic ukuthola inqwaba yengxube eqediwe ye-0-0-0.2%. Umthamo owodwa ovunyelwe owodwa wesidakamizwa ngu-300 mg, nsuku zonke - u-600 mg.
- Ukuphathwa kwezangaphakathi. Ekwelapheni imithambo ye-purulent cavity, kusetshenziswa kuphela isisombululo se-1% se-Dioxidin, esikhishwa singafakwa endaweni ethelelekile sisebenzisa ithubhu lamanzi, i-catheter noma umjovo izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngosuku. Umthamo wansuku zonke - akukho ngaphezu kwama-70 ml. Inkambo yokwelashwa iyizinsuku ezingama-21. Uma kunesidingo, ukwelashwa kungelulwa.
- Uhlelo lokusebenza lwangaphandle. Ukwelapha amanxeba ajulile, ungasebenzisa ama-compress noma ama-tampons afakwe kwisisombululo se-Dioxidine engu-0.5-1% futhi asetshenziswe endaweni enenxeba nsuku zonke noma zonke ezinye izinsuku. Izilonda zesikhumba ezingaxutshiwe zingalashwa ngamafutha, ziyisebenzise ngesendlalelo esincanyana sendawo elimele.
Ngoshukela
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, umuthi uvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphandle - ukwelapha izilonda ezinamahlwili nezinye izilonda zesikhumba okuvela ekuphazamisweni kwe-metabolic. Ungasebenzisa ithuluzi ngendlela echazwe ngenhla.
Isifo sikashukela, umuthi uvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ngaphandle.
Endlebeni
Kwabezindaba ze-otitis, kunconywa ukuphonsa isixazululo esingu-0,5% noma 1% endlebeni nasekhaleni lobuhlungu, ngemuva kokuhlanza umsele wendlebe ungcoliswe ngoboya bekotoni ofakwe kwi-hydrogen peroxide. Umthamo nobude bokusetshenziswa kunqunywa ngawodwana.
Ekhaleni
Ngekhala eligudlayo le-purulent kubantu abadala, isixazululo se-0.5% kanye ne-1% singafakwa emaphepheni emakhaleni (i-2-3 yehla izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku) noma isetshenziselwe ukugeza isicubu sezinyo. Phambilini, ama-sinuse kufanele ahlanze umquba onqwabelene.
Ngenkambo eyinkimbinkimbi yenqubo yokutheleleka ohlelweni lokuphefumula, udokotela angabeka amaconsi ayinkimbinkimbi, okuyinhlanganisela yezidakamizwa ze-dioxidine ne-hormonal noma vasoconstrictor. Isibonelo, ungaxuba u-5 ml wesisombululo se-1% se-dioxidine, 5 ml ka-0,5% galazolin no-2 ml we-0,1% dexamethasone.
Ukugeza ikhala, ungasebenzisa isisombululo noma umuthi ongafakwanga u-0.5% noma umuthi ukuphatha ngomlomo ngomthamo we-10 mg wezinto ezisebenzayo, okufanele zixubaniswe nosawoti ngokulingana okulinganayo.
Ukuphefumula
Ngokuthola inhalations ku-nebulizer, eyenziwa ngezifo ezithathelanayo zamagciwane zephephisi lokuphefumula eliphansi, kusetshenziswa isisombululo se-1% se-dioxidine. Kufanele ihlanjululwe nge-sodium chloride kwisilinganiso esingu-1: 4. Ukuze uthole i-1 inhalation, u-4 ml womkhiqizo odingekayo uzodingeka. Isikhathi seseshini engu-1 imizuzu engama-5-7.
Imiphumela emibi
Ukwethulwa kwekhambi emgodini noma emithanjeni kungahambisana nemiphumela emibi elandelayo:
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba;
- amakhaza;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo;
- ukungqubuzana kwemisipha yokuzithandela;
- ikhanda.
Allergies
Ngokuphathwa kwe-intracavial kanye ne-intravenous umuthi, ukuvela komzimba wesikhumba kungavela. Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle kwamafutha nesixazululo kungavusa ukulunywa kwesikhumba endaweni ephathisiwe kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-dermatitis dermatitis.
I-Dioxidine ingaphefumulwa nge-nebulizer.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Umuthi ungaba nomthelela ongemuhle ngejubane lokuphendula kwe-psychomotor kanye nekhono lokulawula izindlela, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kufanele wenqabe ukushayela imoto noma ezinye izimoto.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umuthi kuphela ezimweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamanye ama-antimicrobial agents kungalethi imiphumela.
Uma isiguli siphazamise ukusebenza kwe-renal, khona-ke umthamo wemithi ye-antimicrobial uyancishiswa.
Lapho welapha nge-dioxidine, kunconywa ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezilwa ne-allergic (antihistamines) nezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-calcium. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa isixazululo, qiniseka ukuthi akukho nhlobo kuso. Uma kukhona amakristalu kuketshezi, udinga ukushisa i-ampoule nalo muthi kubhavu wamanzi. Ukunyamalala kwamakristalu kusho ukuthi umuthi ufanelekile ukusetshenziswa.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Njengoba umuthi ungoweqembu lama-antibiotic, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlanganisa nokuphuza utshwala. I-ethyl utshwala ayikwazi kuphela ukuguqula amandla emithi yento elwa nengxenye yemithi, kepha futhi ibangela ukuvela kokuphikiswa okunamandla.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Ngenxa yobuthi obuphezulu bomuthi namandla alo okungena ekujikelezweni kwe-systemic, kuthathwa ngemithi ukusebenzisa umuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuncelisa.
Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlanganisa nokuphuza utshwala.
Umthamo we-Dioxidine wezingane
Yize abakhiqizi bekhombisa ngemiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi ukuthi umuthi wehlukaniswe ebuntwaneni, izingane zezingane zivame ukunikeza lo muthi ezigulini ezincane. Imvamisa, ikhambi ngendlela yesisombululo kunconywa ukuthi lifakwe ekhaleni, endlebeni noma kusetshenziselwe inhalation. Umuthi onama-hydroxymethylquinoxalindioxic cishe awusetshenziswa neze emikhubeni yezingane.
Lapho wenza ukwelashwa, kufanele ukhethe umthamo omncane, ngoba umuthi wezidakamizwa unobuthi kakhulu. Kunconywa ukuthi kunikezwe ukukhetha kusixazululo esingu-0.5%, ku-1 ml kuso kuqukethe i-5 mg yesakhi esisebenzayo.
Ekwelapheni izifo zamakhala, amaconsi amabili emithi afakwa esigabeni ngasinye samakhala. Inqubo ingaphindwa izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku.
Lapho ufaka umuthi endlebeni, izindlebe zezindlebe kufanele kuqala zihlanzwe ngesibabule nokunye ukungcola kusetshenziswa i-cotton swab efakwe ku-hydrogen peroxide. Ngemuva kokususa izinhlayiya zesibabule, udinga ukunyakazisa ikhanda lomntwana ngakolunye uhlangothi bese wethula amaconsi ama-2-3 esixazululo se-Dioxidine endlebeni nge-pipette. Esikhathini sobabili senqubo yokuvuvukala, ukukhohlisa kufanele kuphindaphindwe kolunye uhlangothi. Ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa umuthi, qiniseka ukuthi i-eardrum ayigcotshwanga.
Ukuze uthole i-inhalation, isisombululo se-0.5% se-dioxidine kufanele sixubaniswe ne-sodium chloride kwisilinganiso esingu-1: 2. Ngenqubo, udinga i-3-4 ml ye-ketshezi ephumayo. Isikhathi sokuphefumula akumele sidlule imizuzu emi-3. Isikhathi sokwelashwa esivumelekile esiphezulu yizinsuku eziyi-7.
Abenzi bomuthi bakhombisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-dioxidine akunconyelwe izingane, kodwa izingane zivame ukunqunywa ngaso.
Ukweqisa
Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithamo ephezulu yomuthi, i-acrenal adrenal insufficiency (hypocorticism) ingakhula. Kulokhu, umuthi uyanqatshwa ngokushesha, ngokushesha okukhulu, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa abenzeli be-hormonal.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Umuthi ungahlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zama-antibacterial agents.
Ama-Analog
Izinhlu zemithi ye-antibacterial ifaka:
- I-Dioxol (amafutha);
- I-Dioxisept (ikhambi le-droppers kanye nokuphathwa kwezangaphakathi);
- I-Voskopran (ukugcotshwa kwamafutha okugcoba ngokufakwa emgqonyeni we-Dioxidin ointment);
- I-Dichinoxide (i-powder yokulungiswa kwamafutha kanye nesisombululo somjovo);
- I-Dixin (ikhambi).
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Ungawuthenga lo muthi ngemithi ebhalwe udokotela.
Intengo ye-Dioxidine
Cishe ama-ruble angama-500 kuzodingeka akhokhelwe ukupakisha isisombululo sika-0.5-1% ekhemisi. Ezinye izitolo zamakhemisi zithengisa ama-ampoules ngawodwana (ama-ruble angama-40-50 nge-1 pc.). I-tube enamafutha ibiza cishe ama-ruble angama-300.
Izimo zesitoreji se-dioxidine
I-Dioxidine iyanconywa ukuba igcinwe endaweni epholile, evikelekile elangeni eliqondile.
Impilo yeshelf umuthi
Umenzi ukhombisa izinsuku ezilandelayo zokuphelelwa umuthi:
- Isixazululo - iminyaka emi-2;
- ukugcoba - iminyaka engu-3.
Ngemuva kokuvula, isitsha sengilazi esinomuthi uketshezi singagcinwa esiqandisini isikhathi esingeqile kwezinsuku eziyi-7. Ukugcoba, lokhu kukhawulwa akusebenzi.
Ukubuyekezwa kodokotela neziguli ku-dioxidin
A. A. Ivanov, uchwepheshe we-ENT, Perm.
Lesi sidakamizwa sivame ukubekelwa iziguli zaso ukwanda kwe-otitis media engapheli kanye ne-purulent sinusitis. Ithuluzi alishibizi, lisiza ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo, noma ezimweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amakhambi okulwa nakho kungalethi mphumela omuhle. Noma kunjalo, angikucebisi ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kokuyalelwa ngudokotela, ngoba kunobuthi obuningi futhi kungadala ukukhula komthelela ongemuhle.
U-Elena, oneminyaka engama-29, eMoscow.
I-Dioxidine iphathe indodana yakhe kaningi ngemidiya ye-otitis engalapheki. Ukuqeda lesi sifo, kuthatha i-1 ampoule kuphela kuyo yonke inkambo yokwelashwa, ngakho akubizi. Kwisonto lokusebenzisa ikhambi, kungenzeka ukuthi ususe zonke izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwe-purulent.
Lisa, oneminyaka engama-31 ubudala, e-Ekaterinburg.
Ngazi nge-Dioxidin kusukela ebuntwaneni - umama wayehlala ebaphatha nge-sinusitis yami. Usizo olukhulu. Manje kwesinye isikhathi ngiyisebenzisa ngokwami lapho indodakazi yami ine-snot eluhlaza ngenxa yama-adenoids. Kuyasiza ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo, kepha ngasizathu simbe njalo.
