Ukushintshwa kokudonswa kwamanyikwe kuwukuhlanekezela ukwakheka kwesitho esibonwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound. Izici zalezi zinguquko, izimbangela, izinkomba kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa kuzoxoxwa kabanzi ngayo.
Okufakiwe emcabangweni we-infusion
Izinguquko ezicutshini zamanyikwe zingaba ezasendaweni (zasekhaya) futhi ziphazamise, zisakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba. Yini i-infusion, futhi yini izakhiwo zayo, ezisesesikoleni ezifundweni zefiziksi.
Igama lesiLatini elithi "ukuphambanisa" lisho ukusatshalaliswa, ukusatshalaliswa kanye nokubonisa inqubo yokungena ngaphakathi kwezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu zento eyodwa phakathi kwezinhlayiya zenye. Ukuqedwa kwayo ukuqondanisa okufanayo kokuhlushwa kwezinhlayiya kulo lonke ivolumu. Ngamanye amagama, into eyodwa iyancibilika kwenye - lokhu kungukuphambana.
Isibonelo sokusaphazanyiswa kokusakazeka ukusatshalaliswa kwamakha noma ukuxutshwa koketshezi. Sibona le nto nsuku zonke, engeza ushukela eziphuzweni, engeza usawoti kwisobho noma kusetshenziswa indiza yomoya.
Izizathu zokubukeka
Ushintsho olunzima ekwakhiweni kwama-pancreas lwenzeka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, kepha imvamisa ziwumphumela wenqubo yokubhubhisa umzimba. Ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi emgudwini wesisu, izifo ze-metabolic nezitho zokugaya ziba yizici ezithusayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinguquko ze-pathological kukhuthaza nezinye izizathu eziningi:
- ukondleka okungenangqondo nokungajwayelekile;
- ukweqisa kwengqondo ngokwengqondo isikhathi eside;
- isakhi sofuzo;
- imikhuba emibi (utshwala, ukubhema);
- ukwephulwa kohlelo lokugaya ukudla;
- ukungena okungalungile kwezidakamizwa ezithile.
Emdala futhi unesifo sikashukela, umthamo wamanyikwe uyancipha futhi unxephezelwa ngamaseli wamafutha. Kulokhu, ukuphazamisa ushintsho ku-pancreatic parenchyma ngokumelene nesizinda se-echogenicity eyengeziwe kuzobonakala ku-ultrasound. Ubungako bomzimba buhlala bujwayelekile, futhi impatho ekhethekile ayidingeki.
Uma amaseli we-pancreatic enempilo athathelwa indawo izicubu ezithintekayo, ezenzeka nge-pancreatitis eshubile, khona-ke ubukhulu besitho bungaba obujwayelekile noma bungaphansi kobujwayelekile. Ukwelashwa kuyadingeka kuphela uma ukutholwa kwe-pancreatitis kuqinisekisiwe.
Indlela yokuthuthukisa
Ngisho nezinguquko ezishiwo ukuthi azisilo isifo akusona isifo, kodwa kunalokho kube uphawu lwenqubo ye-pathological ekhulayo. Ukuba khona kwabo kubangelwa ukuguquguquka nokuhlangana kwamanyikwe avele ngokumelene nesizinda sokuvuvukala, i-pancreatic fibrosis noma ukuguga kwemvelo komzimba. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, i-infusion ibonwa ezigulini ezinempilo ngokuphelele ezingenazifo.
Kunezizathu eziningana ezibangela ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo kumanyikwe:
- i-pancreatitis
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- lipomatosis;
- i-fibrosis.
Izigaba zokuqala ze-lipomatosis zine-asymptomatic, kepha ukwakheka kwama-lipomas akunakuphikwa.
Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic ku-pancreatitis kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kwezicubu ngama-enzyme enziwe yi-gland uqobo. Ama-enzymes amaningi ajwayele ukufaka ngaphakathi futhi asebenze kuphela lapho engena kwi-duodenum.
I-pancreatitis ingavusa ukwephulwa kokuphuma kwezimfihlo, ukukhuphuka kwengcindezi ngaphakathi kwamacucu, umsebenzi ophakeme ngokweqile wamanyikwe, i-Reflux (ukubuyela emuva kokuqukethwe kwe-duodenum ne-bile) emigodini yepancreas.
Ngokuqhubeka kwe-pancreatitis, izinkinga zingaba khona - i-fibrosis kanye ne-sclerosis, lapho izicubu ezithintekayo ziqala ukukhula. Uma kwenzeka kuthathelwa indawo yamaseli we-parenchyma anempilo ngezicubu ze-adipose, kutholakala ukuthi i-lipomatosis iyatholakala.
Izinhlobo kanye ngezigaba
Egayeni lokugaya kunezitho ze-parenchymal nezimbobo ezingenalutho. Lezi zokugcina zifaka phakathi kwesinye isinye kanye nesinye esiswini, isisu namathumbu. I-pancreas yisitho se-parenchymal esinesakhiwo se-alveolar-tubular futhi sikhiqize ama-enzyme nama-hormone.
Ushintsho olunzima ku-pancreatic parenchyma yesimo esilinganayo libonisa ukungabikho kwe-neoplasms - cysts, tumors and calcication. Izinga lokushintshwa lingahluka, bese kuthi ezinye izingcaciso zezimpawu zibhekwe.
Ukuvuvukala nge-pancreatitis kuhambisana nokudumba nokwanda kwethamo lamanyikwe. I-Ultrasound ngasikhathi sinye ikhombisa ukuncipha kokuqina nobunzima bezicubu zezitho. I-pancreatitis engapheli ivame ukubangelwa ukuvuvukala okukhulu, futhi ngenxa yenkambo yesikhathi eside yesifo, amaqhubu amancane angaba khona endaweni yokuhlaselwa ukuvuvukala.
Uma ubukhulu bezicubu ne-echogenicity kuncishisiwe, futhi nosayizi we-pancreas ungashintshiwe, khona-ke ubukhona be-pancreatitis engapheli bungacatshangelwa. Ukwanda okuthe xaxa ngevolumu yesitho evamile kukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipomatosis.
Izimpawu ze-echographic ze-fibrosis zifaka i-echogenicity ekhulayo nobuningi be-pancreas, futhi ubukhulu bayo bungaba obujwayelekile noma bancishiswe kancane.
Ushintsho olusezingeni eliphakathi kwamanyikwe luvela ngokumelene nesizinda se-pathologies ye-gallbladder noma duodenum. Isizathu kuleli cala ukwephulwa kokugaya kwamaprotheni namafutha ngenxa yokuntuleka kwama-enzymes wokugaya ukudla.
Amanyikwe anamakhanda, i-isthmus, umzimba nomsila. Ikhanda nomzimba kuvame ukuthinteka kakhulu, ngama-25% kuphela awela emsileni. Nazi iziqhingi zaseLangerans, ama-hormone okuhlanganisa, nemithambo yegazi emikhulu. Ubunzima bale ndawo bungase buhlotshaniswe nokuvaleka komgogodla we-splenic, okuholela ekubekweni uphawu noma ekunwetshweni komgodi we-excretory duct.
Kunzima impela ukwelapha i-pathology yomsila, futhi ezimweni eziningi, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ukususa umsila kuyadingeka. Kodwa-ke, ngoshintsho oluncane noma olulinganiselayo, ukwelashwa ngezindlela zokulondolozeka kungenzeka ngaphansi kokuqashwa njalo kwezokwelapha.
Ukwehluka kwamanyikwe wesimo esisebenzayo kuyindlela yesibili - ukusabela komzimba yisifo sepheshana lesisu. Imvamisa lokhu kubangelwa ukulimala kwesibindi kanye nesinye.
Ukuphazamiseka okusebenzayo kungahambisana ne-pancreatitis yesibili eyaqhamuka ngemuva kwesifo sezinye izitho zendlela yokugaya, ukudla ngokweqile kanye nokuhlukumeza ukudla okuyingozi (okunamafutha, okuthosiwe, okubabayo).
Kwezinye izimo, imbangela yezinguquko ezisebenzayo ukuphula umthetho wokuzalwa kwama-enzyme, ukusilela ekwakhiweni kwendlela yokusebenzelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile isikhathi eside.
Ngama-fibrosis, izicubu ezijwayelekile ze-pancreatic parenchyma zithathelwa indawo izendlalelo noma i-foci ephelele yezicubu ezithambile
Izimpawu Nezimpawu
Izimpawu zokushintsha kokuguquguquka kumanyikwe kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo olubangeleyo. Izimpawu eziholayo ukusinda nokungakhululeki esiswini, ukugayeka (ukuqunjelwa, isifo sohudo nokushintshana) nobuhlungu obukhona ngaphansi kwezimbambo ngakwesobunxele. Kwi-pancreatitis eyingozi, ingcindezi ye-intraductal ikhuphuka futhi ukuvela kwesitho kwenzeka.
Kwezinye izimo, ama-enzyme wokugaya adlulela ngalé kwama-pancreas bese engena ekujikelezweni kwe-systemic. Umphumela ukudakwa komzimba, okubonakala ngokuncipha okukhulu kwengcindezi, isicanucanu, okuguqukela ekuhlanzeni, kanye nokwephula isigqi senhliziyo. Lesi simo sidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo esibhedlela.
Ngokushintshwa kwe-pancreatitis ebushelelezi iye esigabeni esingapheli kumanyikwe, kuvuvukala futhi kukhomba ama-hemorrhages ngaphakathi kwe-parenchyma. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, isitho siyancipha ngevolumu, futhi ukukhula kwe-connective izicubu okuhlangene kuqala. Umphumela wenqubo ye-pathological uhlala wehla ekuhlelweni kwama-enzyme.
Imvamisa, i-pancreatitis ivela ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezikhulunywayo noma enesithombe somtholampilo esimfushane. Kodwa-ke, kungekudala, kuvama ukwanda, lapho isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini, size sifinyelele emuva noma esifubeni. Kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha iminyaka eminingana ukusuka ekuqaleni kwesifo kuya ekubonakalisweni kwezimpawu zokuqala.
Ushintsho olunzima kuhlobo lwe-lipomatosis aluhlali lunezimpawu zokuphawula, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona inani elincane lamafutha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lapho kunama-lipomas amaningi, afaka izicubu ezizungezile, okuholela kulezi zikhalazo ezilandelayo:
I-Pancreatic MRI- ukuntuleka kokudla;
- ukukhathala, ubuthakathaka;
- umlomo owomile
- ukulunywa komoya, isicanucanu nokuhlanza;
- ubuhlungu engxenyeni yesithathu engenhla yesisu ngemuva kokudla;
- umuzwa oqhubekayo wesisindo esiswini;
- ukuqhakaza, ukuthokomala, ukuthambisa okucasukile.
Ngokuzayo, isimo sesiguli singase sibe sibi kakhulu, futhi izinguquko ze-pathological ziyavela kwezinye izitho zepheshana lesisu - izinso, isibindi, kanye nezindlala ze-endocrine. Isiguli siqala ukwehla emzimbeni futhi kwesinye isikhathi sibamba umkhuhlane.
I-pancreatic fibrosis ihambisana nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwama-enzymes namahomoni, isithombe sasemtholampilo sicishe sifane nokuvuvukala.
Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela umuzwa womile njalo nomlomo owomile, ukumiswa kwesikhumba, ukuchama ngokweqile nokuvama, ukufisa kanye nokwesaba. Isibonakaliso sikashukela ezinganeni singaba yi-nocturnal diuresis, eyayingekho lapho ngaphambili.
Ukuxilonga
Ukufakwa kwe-pancreas kungatholwa kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound, ezokhombisa ubukhulu bayo, ukuqina kanye nokufana. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthola imbangela eshintshe ukwakheka kwamanyikwe ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okugcwele nangokuphelele.
Izindlela zokuxilonga zifaka:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kanye ne-biochemistry;
- urinalysis;
- I-Ultrasound
- i-compact tomography;
- I-RCP - ukubuyisa i-cholangiopancreatography yenziwa ngokuqinile ngokuya izinkomba futhi kulungiselelo lesibhedlela kuphela. Inqubo iyadingeka uma kukhona izinsolo zokuqedwa kwe-calculi noma i-tumor formations ye-bile noma i-pancreatic ducts.
Nge-ERCP, i-stenosis yomgudu ophambili we-pancreatic, ushintsho oluhlelekile, imali yamaprotheni nosawoti ngaphakathi emigodini iyatholakala
Ukwelashwa
Njengoba ezimweni eziningi ukufakwa kubonwa ngemuva kwezifo noma ubuthi obahlukahlukene, ukwelashwa kude kudingekile njalo. Uma kungabikho ukuphambuka okungathi sína, kuyanconywa ukuthi kulungiswe indlela odla ngayo, bese uphinda futhi uhlolo.
Imbangela yokufakwa kwe-pancreatic enganeni kungaba yisifo esithathelwanayo, kufaka phakathi umkhuhlane ojwayelekile, ukuhlukunyezwa esakhiweni sendawo yokugaya ukudla, ukuqaqanjelwa esiswini, ukudakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukumisa lesi sifo esiyisisekelo kanye nezimpawu ezikhona zamanyikwe - ubuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu, njll.
Ukudla
Kuzo zombili izingane kanye nabantu abadala, kunconywa ukondla okungelula. Ukudla kokushintshwa kokwenza i-pancreas kuncike ekuxilongeni okucacisiwe, futhi kungahluka kakhulu. Nge-pancreatitis, kunikezwa inombolo yokudla engu-5, yakhelwe ngqo ukuguqula ipheshana lokugaya ukudla. Uma kutholakala ukuthi kunesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kutholakala ukuthi kudliwa ukudla okwenziwa ngo-9. Izinga le-glucose egazini likhuphuka ngokuwohloka kwama-carbohydrate, ngakho-ke umthamo wabo wansuku zonke kufanele uhambisane nomkhuba we-insulin othathwe.
Yini futhi ungayiphatha kanjani ama-pancreas, udokotela uzotshela ngemuva kokuthola yonke imiphumela yokuhlolwa. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ushintsho lokuphamba kuma-pancreas uqobo alusona isifo, kodwa lungavela futhi ngenxa yokungondleki nokuphuza ngokweqile iziphuzo ezidakayo, okunamafutha nokudla okuthosiwe.
Imigomo ejwayelekile yokudla yile elandelayo:
- ukuvinjwa okuphelele kotshwala;
- isisekelo sokudla - izitsha eziphansi zamakhalori: imifino, iphalishi kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi olunoshukela omuncu;
- kudingeka udle kaningi kancane, ukuze ungavuseleli ukugcwala okuningi kwama-enzyme kanye nokuvela kokuhlaselwa kwe-pancreatitis;
- kungcono ukupheka ukudla oku-steam noma ukubhaka, ukupheka.
Ngakho-ke, uma i-ultrasound ikhombisa ukushintshanisa izinguquko ku-gland, kepha azikho izinhlungu nezinye izimpawu zesici, khona-ke asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka. Ngaphandle kwalokho, udokotela uzothumela ukuthi ahlolwe futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okwanele. Yiba nempilo!
