IGangrene yisifo esibi esibonakala nge-necrosis (necrosis) yezicubu zomzimba. Kulokhu, indawo ethintekile ithola umbala omnyama. Lo mthunzi kungenxa yokuthi i-hemoglobin, esegazini lomuntu, ihlangana ne-hydrogen sulfide evela emoyeni futhi yakhe usawoti - i-iron sulfide, futhi le nto inombala ocishe ube mnyama. I-Gangrene yamaphethelo aphansi kushukela isongela umuntu ngokuqunywa, ngakho-ke lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwalesi sifo kungcono ukuvimbela kunokuphatha.
Izimbangela zokwenzeka
Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, ukungasebenzi komzimba kuyenziwa buthaka futhi ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile kuyathikamezeka. Zonke izinqubo ze-pathological zikhula kuzo ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zinzima. Ngisho namanxeba amancane, imihuzuko nezilonda esikhunjeni kuphulukisa isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga zivame ukuvela.
Izimbangela ezisheshayo ze-gangrene kuma-diabetesics:
- i-atherosulinosis yemithambo yegazi (ngenxa yokuthi imithambo evalekile ayikwazi ukunikeza izicubu nge-oxygen eyanele, izinqubo ze-necrosis ziqala kuzo);
- ukulimala kwemizwa yesifo sikashukela (ukuzwela emilenzeni kuncipha kakhulu, umuntu uyeka ukuzizwa ebanda, imfudumalo futhi ngisho nobuhlungu, ngenxa yalokho, ukulimala kwesikhumba kuvame ukwenzeka);
- ukunciphisa ukuncipha kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi emincane nemikhulu;
- i-leaching ye-calcium evela emathanjeni ngenxa yokulimala kwe-metabolism, okuholela ekukhuleni kokuqina kwezwe, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukubukeka kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokuncipha kule ndawo.
Isikhumba emilenzeni yesiguli sikashukela sifunga kakhulu, ngoba amakhethini, izinzwa kanye nama-receptors abhekene nalo msebenzi acindezelekile. Ingaphezulu lezinyawo liba bomile kobuhlungu futhi lithambekele ekubhekeni imifantu. Ngenxa yomonakalo womshini, i-foci yokuvuvukala iyenzeka, lapho amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic angakhula khona ngamandla.
Uma izilonda zenzeka emilenzeni yesifo sikashukela, aziphili kahle ngenxa yokulimazeka kwegazi nokulimala kwezinzwa. Esikhundleni sokwandisa ukuphuma kwegazi okudingekayo ekuvuseleleni kwezicubu, kuncipha kumuntu ogulayo, ngenxa yalokho ukutheleleka kungasakazeka emzimbeni wonke
Izici ezinomthelela ngokungaqondile ekubonakala kwe-gangrene:
- ukubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala (ngenxa yalokhu, ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi okuqhubekayo kuphela);
- ukugqoka izicathulo ezincane ezenziwe ngezinto zokwenziwa;
- isisindo somzimba ngokweqile, okuvusa umthwalo onamandla emilenzeni ephansi;
- ukwehla kokuvikelwa komzimba;
- ukunganakwa kokwelashwa nokudla, yingakho ushukela wegazi ophakeme ugcinwa njalo egazini.
Izimpawu
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-gangrene kuncike ohlotsheni lwalesi sifo. Ungaba womile futhi umanzi. I-gangrene eyomile iba ngokuqinile ngemuva kwesizinda sezinguquko ekuhanjisweni kwegazi kuya ezicutshini kancane kancane, ngokuhamba kweminyaka eminingana, ngakho-ke umuntu uyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nakho, futhi, naphezu kokungakwazi ukuzivikela komzimba okubuthakathaka, umzimba ngandlela-thile unciphisa le nqubo.
Izimpawu ze-gangrene ezomile:
Izimpawu ze-angiopathy zesifo sikashukela semikhawulo ephansi- ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwalesi sifo, umuntu uzizwa ekhuphuka ukukhathala komlenze, ukudonsa izinhlungu, ukudonsa nokuqina (zonke izimpawu zakudala zokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi kwendawo);
- njengoba isifo siqhubeka, izinhlungu ziba zimbi kakhulu, isikhumba sishintshe umbala - iba mnyama, i-cyanotic;
- ezigabeni zokugcina zalesi sifo, indawo ethintekile iyancipha ngokweqile, ithola umbala onsundu-omnyama futhi ihlukaniswe ngokucacile kusuka izicubu ezinempilo (lesi sifo uqobo asisho ingozi ethile empilweni, ngoba ubuthi abungeni endaweni efile, eyomile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi bayanqunywa ngokuzimela, bese alahle).
Nge-gangrene eyomile, isimo esivamile sesiguli asiphazamiseki, ngoba akukho ukudakwa ngemikhiqizo yokubola yezicubu ezifile. Ngenhloso yobuhle futhi ulondoloze amandla okuhamba ngokujwayelekile, ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kuyadingeka. Kuyadingeka ngisho nasentweni yokuzikhipha ngokwakho - ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ukhombisa zonke izicubu ezinobuhlungu futhi wakhe isigaxa esimile kahle. Ingozi yalesi sifo ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi ihlala ifomu elimanzi, okuthi ngaphandle kokwelashwa (ukunqunywa) kuholele ekufeni okusheshayo. Uhlala njalo eqala impela, akunakwenzeka ukuba ungaziboni izimpawu zakhe.
Nge-gangrene emanzi, ama-pathogens ahlala ephindaphindeka esikhunjeni, ngenxa yokuthi umlenze ukhuphuka ngevolumu, ulimele futhi uvuvukale
Izimpawu ze-gangrene ezimanzi:
- umlenze uyavuvukala futhi ukhuphuke ngevolumu, isikhumba siqala ukuthola i-greenish-cyanotic, bese kuba umbala onsomi-onsomi, othi ekugcineni kwesifo uphenduke umnyama;
- kubuhlungu esilevini kushiwo - umuntu akakwazi ukungena kulomlenze, ukungaphatheki kahle kungagcini esizeni se-lesion, kusakazeka phezulu;
- ukuwohloka okubukhali esimweni esejwayelekile somuntu ngenxa yokudakwa kuyaphawuleka - izinga lokushisa lomzimba likhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-38-39 ° C, ukwazi ukuqunjelwa kungadideka;
- imilenze igabha kakhulu;
- umfutho wegazi uyenyuka;
- iphunga le-fetid elivela emlenzeni;
- indawo ethintekile iqala ukubola, njengesidumbu.
Ukwelashwa
Nge-gangrene eyomile ezigabeni zokuqala, ungazama ukubuyisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwezicubu ngosizo lwemithi, kepha ayisebenzi njengokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amavithamini okwenza kusebenze amasosha omzimba nemithi elwa namagciwane anqunyelwe isiguli.
Ngenkambo ethambile yesifo, ukuhlinzwa kuqukethe ukugeleza kwegazi elijwayelekile futhi kusiza kuphela lezo izicubu ezifile ngokusobala. Ngokufana, izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane nezidakamizwa, izidakamizwa zokuthuthukisa i-microcirculation yegazi, kanye nemithi esekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ingachazwa esigulini. Nge-gangrene eyomile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela inhlanzeko yemilenze futhi ubheke isimo saso ukuze ukutheleleka kungazihlanganisi nezilonda futhi isifo asilondeki.
Uma isilonda noma amafomu ezinyawo ezinyaweni, awakwazi ukubekwa uphawu nge-band-aid. Lapho ususa izinto ezinamathele, i-microtrauma yesikhumba, eyingozi yesifo sikashukela, ayihlanganisiwe
Ukwelashwa kwe-gangrene emanzi kukususa ingxenye efile yomlenze. Indawo yokukhipha incike ekutheni isifo sesihambile kangakanani. Ngaphezu kokususa izicubu ezifile, odokotela abahlinzayo baxovula imithambo yegazi ngosizo lwamadivaysi akhethekile ukwenza ukujikeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile kuvikele nokulimala kwe-gangrene ngokuzayo. Amasu wesimanje epulasitiki enza ukuthi kwenzeke imisebenzi yokwakha kabusha ukuze isiqu sisebenze ngokusemandleni.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, odokotela bahlala bezama ukugcina ukusebenza kwezicubu ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa uma indawo ethintekile isivele inkulu ngokwanele, kufanele isuswe ngokuphelele. Ngisho nezindawo ezincane kakhulu ezine-necrosis zizoholela ekuphindaphindweni kwezifo zamehlo, izicubu zizophola futhi zihle kakhulu, okuthi esikhathini esizayo zisongele ukuthi zinqume izindawo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-anatomical. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, isiguli sinqunywe imithi elwa namagciwane ukuvimbela izinkinga kanye nokwelashwa kwesondlo.
Ukuvimbela
Imiphumela yokulimala kubi ngempela kubantu. Lesi sifo siholela ekukhubazekeni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokufa. Ngakho-ke, zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga ukuqapha isimo semilenze yazo futhi zikhumbule ukubaluleka kokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela sikashukela.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinyawo kwansuku zonke, ukuzilolongela umzimba kanye nokuhlola kahle isikhumba somonakalo kunganciphisa amathuba wokuphazamiseka kwezimpawu zomzimba
Ukuze uvimbele ukuvela kwezinkinga ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela ngendlela ye-gangren, udinga ukulandela le mithetho:
- qapha njalo izinga likashukela bese ulinciphisa kumanani anconywe udokotela;
- zonke izinsuku thambisa isikhumba sezinyawo, ukuvimba ukoma kwaso nokuqhekeka;
- uma amanxeba, imihuzuko kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye ukulimala kuvela emilenzeni, kumele aphathwe nge-antiseptic futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ukutheleleka akuzihlanganisi;
- ukwenza ngcono ukujikeleza kwegazi njalo kusihlwa udinga ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okukhanyayo kwamaphethelo aphansi, futhi ekuseni - yenza imishini yokuzivocavoca ekhethekile;
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ukubhema, ngoba i-nicotine iholela ekuqothulweni kwemithambo yegazi futhi ibhoboze ukukhanya kwayo;
- udinga ukugqoka izicathulo ezenziwe ngesikhumba soqobo, namasokisi enziwe ngokotini (kungcono ukusebenzisa amasokisi akhethekile kwabanesifo sikashukela);
- ngenkathi ugeza noma ugeza, izinga lokushisa lamanzi kufanele lifudumale, kepha lingashisi.
Ukuhambisana nale mithetho elula ezimweni eziningi kungabambezela noma kuvikele ngokuphelele ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi yesifo sikashukela. Kulula kakhulu ukufeza izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuzivikela nsuku zonke futhi uzigcine ukhululekile ukuhambisa kunokuba ukwelapha i-gangrene isikhathi eside futhi kanzima.
