IGlucose yi-monosaccharide, okuyiqhaza elibambe iqhaza kuzo zonke izinqubo zamandla emzimbeni womuntu. Ukushintshwa kwezinkomba zayo zokulinganisa, okuholela kuma-pathologies ahlukahlukene ohlangothini lwezitho ezibalulekile nomzimba, kubhekwa njengesifo. Emazingeni okuqala, i-hypo- ne-hyperglycemia kungenzeka ukuthi ayinazo izibonakaliso, okusho ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela kuzosiza ekutholeni isimo. Kungani ukuhlolwa okunjalo kudingekile, ukuthi ungakulungiselela kanjani ukulethwa kokuqukethwe kanye nezici zokuphamba, kubhekwa esihlokweni.
Izinkomba zokuxilongwa
Udokotela uzonikeza isivivinyo sikashukela uma isiguli sinezikhalazo ezilandelayo:
- ukungaboni kahle
- ukusebenza okuncishisiwe nokukhathala okungapheli;
- ukoma kwe-pathological;
- i-mucosa yomlomo eyomile;
- ukuncipha okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba;
- ukululama okuhlala isikhathi eside, amanxeba, imihuzuko;
- ukulunywa nokuqina kwesikhumba;
- inani elingaphezulu lomchamo likhishwe.
Izimpawu ezingenhla ziyizimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus - isifo esivame kakhulu esihambisana nezinguquko emazingeni kashukela egazini.
Ukuthola ukubalwa kwegazi kuyindlela ebalulekile yokuvimbela ekwakhiweni kwesifo sikashukela
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kuboniswa minyaka yonke kwabesifazane, abesilisa nezingane ezisengozini:
- ukuba khona kwezihlobo ezihlushwa “isifo esimnandi”;
- iziguli ezikhuluphele;
- abesifazane abazala izingane ezingaphezu kwama-4-4,5 kg emlandweni;
- iziguli ezihlala zithatha i-glucocorticosteroids;
- kokuba nezinqubo zesimila;
- iziguli ezihlushwa yizifo zomzimba;
- iziguli ezinezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi zavela zisencane (kwabesifazane - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-40, emadodeni - kuze kube yiminyaka engama-50).
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela - izinhlobo
Igazi kungukugcwala kwemvelo komzimba, okuqukethe iplasma nezinto ezakhiwe. Noma iziphi izinguquko ziboniswa kuzinkomba zokulinganisa kanye nezinga lazo. Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwegazi, kungenzeka ukucacisa ukuba khona kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala nokungezwani komzimba, isimo sokugonywa, ushintsho ekulinganisweni kwe-electrolyte, kanye nokusebenza kwama-enzyme.
Iglucose yegazi inganqunywa kusetshenziswa izindlela eziningana zokuhlola. Udokotela angakunikeza ukuhlolwa okukodwa noma okuningana ngasikhathi sinye.
Indlela yaselebhu
Ukubala okuphelele kwegazi kuyisisekelo sakho konke ukuxilongwa kwelabhoratri. Le ndlela ayisho ukuthi ushukela uphelele kangakanani, kepha ngokwesisekelo semiphumela, udokotela uhlola i-hemoglobin, uhlelo lokuhlangana kanye nesimo sezinto ezakhiwe.
Kuyadingeka ukunikela ngegazi le-capillary. Ukulungiselela kuqukethe ukwenqaba isidlo sasekuseni. Kungaphuzwa kuphela amanzi. Uma kunesidingo, imiphumela yokuxilonga ingaba isilungile ngemizuzu eyi-10-15. Isimo sezinkomba zamadoda, abesifazane nezingane (ngeminyaka) sikhonjisiwe kuthebula elingezansi.
Izinkomba zokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kumuntu onempilo
Ukuhlolwa kweglucose kwegazi
Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa igazi le-capillary noma le-venous lesiguli. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi indlela ejwayelekile yezinkomba zoshukela esegazini evela emunweni ingaphansi kwe-10% kunasegazini elivela emithanjeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yabantu abadala nezingane ihlukile.
Ukulungiselela ukulandelayo:
- isheke livela esiswini esingenalutho;
- uvunyelwe ukuphuza kuphela amanzi amahora angama-8-10 ngaphambi kokuthatha imithombo;
- musa ukuhlafuna insini ekuseni;
- kwenqatshelwe ukuxubha amazinyo akho usebenzisa izinyo lokuxubha (lingaba noshukela kulo);
- Izinsuku ezintathu ukwenqaba ukusetshenziswa kotshwala;
- yeka ukuthatha noma yiziphi izidakamizwa ngosuku, futhi uma lokhu kungenzeki, zitshele i-laboratory ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo eyenziwe.
Izinkomba zesikhathi esijwayelekile neze-pathology zikhonjisiwe etafuleni.
Imiphumela yokunqunywa kwezinga le-glucose egazini ezimweni ezahlukahlukene
Lapho kuthathwa igazi emthanjeni kuhambisana nokunquma izinga likashukela, amanani we-cholesterol nawo ayahlolwa. Ubudlelwano balezi zinto ezimbili bufakazelwe isikhathi eside. I-Hyperglycemia inegalelo ekwakhekeni kwe-cholesterol, i-triglycerides ne-lipids, efakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yemithambo, okwenze ukuthi kwakheke ama-atherosranceotic plaque. Bese kuba nokunciphiswa kwe-lumen yemikhumbi kanye nokwephulwa kwezicubu ze-trophic.
Ukuhlolwa kokulayisha
Le ndlela, ebizwa ngokuthi isivivinyo sokubekezelela i-glucose, isetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana omzimba kwi-glucose (ebalulekile ekuhlolweni kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 uhlobo lwesifo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe). Ikuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuba khona koshukela we-latent egazini.
Ukuze ulungiselele kahle ukuqoqwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kuyadingeka izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa ukuze ungazibekeli umkhawulo wenani lama-carbohydrate atholakele. Uma kungenzeka, yeka ukuthatha imishanguzo (ngemuva kwengxoxo nodokotela wakho). Nikela ngegazi esiswini esingenalutho, kuvunyelwe kuphela amanzi okuphuza.
Elebhu, isihloko sichaza amaphuzu alandelayo:
- ukuba khona kwezifo ezithathelanayo ezihlasela noma ezithathelanayo;
- ukusebenza komzimba kosuku lokugcina;
- imiphi imishanguzo ethathwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kokubekezelela kwenziwa kulezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Thatha igazi emunweni noma emvinini.
- I-glucose powder ixutshwe ku-300 ml wamanzi afudumele noma itiye. Inani labesilisa nabesifazane lingama-75 g, ingane ingu-1.75 g nge-1 kg yesisindo. Isixazululo esiphumela sidakwa ngesikhathi.
- Ngokusho kwemiyalo kadokotela, isampula elandelayo yegazi (ngendlela efanayo neyokuqala) ingenziwa ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-30, 60, 90, okujwayelekile - ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-120.
I-Glucose powder - umuthi olungiselelwe owenziwe umuthi osetshenziselwa ukuxilonga
IGlycated Hemoglobin
Ukuhlaziywa kukuvumela ukuthi uqinisekise noma uphike ukuba khona kwe-hyperglycemia ye-pathological esigulini. Ushukela o-glycated unezinkomba ezifundisayo ukwedlula zonke ezinye izindlela zokuthola ushukela egazini. Izinzuzo zingokulandelayo:
- ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokudla;
- ukunemba kwezinkomba kuvumela ukunquma izigaba zokuqala "zesifo esimnandi";
- ukuzimisela kokulungiswa kombuso ku-dynamics;
- Awukwazi ukwenqaba ukuthatha umuthi.
Okubi:
Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni- ukuhlaziywa kuhlobene nezindlela zesigaba samanani aphezulu;
- ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo zegazi noma ukuthatha imithamo ephezulu yamavithamini, imiphumela ingahlanekelwa;
- akwenziwanga kuwo wonke ama-laboratories;
- amazinga aphezulu ama-hormone e-thyroid aholela emiphumeleni ephezulu, kepha amazinga e-glucose eqiniso angaphansi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo.
Izinga le-glycated hemoglobin (ukuqokwa - HbA1C) liyefana kubo bonke ubudala, alinabo ubulili. Kuze kufike ku-5.7%, ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo incane, kuze kufike ku-6% - isilinganiso esiyingozi, ukwelashwa kokudla kunconyelwa iziguli, kuze kufike ku-6.4% - ubungozi obukhulu be-pathology, ngaphezulu kuka-6.5% - ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela kuyangabaza.
Izimpawu zokuxilonga
Le ndlela isetshenziswa ezimweni zasekhaya nezelebhu. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Express kwenziwa nge-glucometer. Lokhu kuyithuluzi kufakwe imichilo yokuhlola. Kubekwa kubo ithonsi legazi lezinto, bese umphumela ukhonjiswa esikrinini. Isikhathi sokuxilonga sincike kwimodeli yemitha ekhethiwe.
I-Etiology yokuphambuka
“Isifo Somnandi” akusona ukuphela kwesizathu sokuthi amazinga kashukela aphakamileyo kunokujwayelekile. I-Hyperglycemia ihambisana nemibandela elandelayo:
- ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba;
- okuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo;
- i-pathologies yezinye izindlala ze-endocrine;
- ukudla ngaphambi kokuthatha impahla;
- imiphumela yezinto ezinobuthi;
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa (amahomoni we-thyroid, ama-diuretics, ama-hormone ocansi nama-hormone e-adrenal, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala).
Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside nokungalawulwa kwezidakamizwa - provocateur of hyperglycemia
I-Hypoglycemia ibonwa ezimeni ezinjalo:
- ubuthi ngotshwala be-ethyl kanye nokuphuma kwayo;
- izifo zesibindi, ipheshana esiswini, imithambo yegazi;
- i-anorexia;
- ukukhuluphala
- isimila se-pancreatic;
- ubuthi be-arsenic;
- isidakamizwa sokulungiselela i-insulin.
Izindleko zokuhlaziya
Iziguli zinentshisekelo embuzweni wokuthi kubiza malini ukuhlolwa. Izindleko eziseduze zokuhlolwa, ezahlukahluka ngokuya ngelebhu kanye nedolobha:
- Ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile - ama-ruble angama-200-300.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glucose - ama-ruble ayi-150-250.
- Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose - kuze kufike kuma-ruble angama-1880.
- I-Glycated hemoglobin - ama-ruble angama-400-1000.
Imiphumela ihunyushwa kuphela ngudokotela ohambelayo. Ngokusekelwe kubo, amanye amasu wokuphathwa kweziguli anqunywa.
