Ukuxilonga isifo sikashukela i-mellitus kudinga izifundo eziningana. Isiguli sinqunywa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nomchamo ushukela, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi ne-glucose.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukunqunywa kwe-C-peptide esegazini kuyaphoqelekile.
Umphumela walokhu kuhlaziywa kuzokhombisa ukuthi ngabe i-hyperglycemia ingumphumela wokuphelelwa ngokuphelele kwe-insulin noma isihlobo. Okusongela ukwehla noma ukwanda kwe-C-peptide, sizokuhlaziya ngezansi.
Yini i-C peptide?
Kukhona ukuhlaziya okungahlola umsebenzi weziqhingi zeLangerhans kumanyikwe nokukhombisa inani lokugcinwa kwe-hormone ye-hypoglycemic emzimbeni. Le nkomba ibizwa ngokuthi i-peptide yokuxhuma noma i-C-peptide (C-peptide).
Ama-pancreas ayihlobo lwesitolo se-protein yamaprotheni. Igcinwa lapho ngesimo se-proinsulin. Lapho umuntu evusa ushukela, i-proinsulin ivele iphule i-peptide ne-insulin.
Kumuntu ophilile, isilinganiso sabo kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe ngu-5: 1. Ukunqunywa kwe-C-peptide kuveza ukwehla noma ukwanda kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Esimweni sokuqala, udokotela angaxilonga isifo sikashukela, kanti okwesibili, i-insulin.
Ngabe kuchazwa ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo nezifo?
Izifo lapho kuhlaziywa khona:
- thayipha 1 bese uthayipha isifo sikashukela 2;
- izifo ezahlukahlukene zesibindi;
- i-polycystic ovary;
- isimila se-pancreatic;
- ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic;
- I-Cushing's syndrome;
- ukuqapha ukwelashwa kwe-hormone yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
I-insulin ibalulekile kubantu. Leli yihormoni eyinhloko ebandakanyeka kuma-carbohydrate metabolism nokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Ukuhlaziywa okunquma izinga le-insulin egazini akuhlali kunembile ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Izizathu zingokulandelayo:
- Ekuqaleni, i-insulin yakhiwa kumanyikwe. Lapho umuntu evusa ushukela, i-hormone ingena kuqala esibindini. Lapho, ingxenye ethile ixazulula, futhi enye ingxenye yenza umsebenzi wayo futhi inciphise ushukela. Ngakho-ke, lapho kunqunywa izinga le-insulin, leli zinga liyohlala lingaphansi kanyikwe.
- Kusukela ukukhishwa okuyinhloko kwe-insulin kwenzeka ngemuva kokudla ama-carbohydrate, izinga layo liyenyuka ngemuva kokudla.
- Idatha engalungile iyatholakala uma isiguli sinesifo sikashukela futhi siphathwa nge-insombinant insulin.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-C-peptide ayihlali ndawo futhi ingena ngqo egazini, ngakho-ke lolu cwaningo luzokhombisa izinombolo zangempela kanye nenani eliqondile lama-hormone athulwe ngamanyikwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-compounds ayihlotshaniswa nemikhiqizo equkethe ushukela, okungukuthi, izinga layo alikhuphuki ngemuva kokudla.
Ngabe kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlaziya?
Ukudla isidlo amahora angama-8 ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi kufanele kube lula, kungabi nokudla okunamafutha.
I-algorithm yocwaningo:
- Isiguli singena esiswini esingenalutho egumbini lokuqoqa igazi.
- Umhlengikazi uthatha igazi le-venous kuye.
- Igazi lifakwa kwishubhu ekhethekile. Kwesinye isikhathi iqukethe ijeli ekhethekile ukuze igazi lingavimbi.
- Ngemuva kwalokho ishubhu libekwa ku-centrifuge. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kuhlukaniswe i-plasma.
- Ngemuva kwalokho igazi lifakwa kufriji bese liphola ifinyelela kuma-degrees angama-20.
- Ngemuva kwalokho, inani le-peptide lokufaka i-insulin egazini linqunywa.
Uma isiguli sisolwa ngesifo sikashukela, sinikezwa isivivinyo sokuxineka. Kuqukethe ukwethulwa kwe-intravenous glucagon noma ukudonsa kweglucose. Bese kuba nesilinganiso sikashukela wegazi.
Yini ethinta umphumela?
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ama-pancreas, ngakho-ke umthetho oyinhloko ukugcina ukudla.
Izincomo eziphambili zeziguli ezinikela ngegazi ku-C-peptide:
- Amahora angama-8 okushesha ngaphambi kokunikelwa kwegazi;
- ungaphuza amanzi angenawo amakhabhoni;
- awukwazi ukuphuza utshwala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kocwaningo;
- ukunciphisa ukucindezelwa ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo;
- ungabhemi amahora amathathu ngaphambi kocwaningo.
Okujwayelekile kwabesilisa nabesifazane kuyafana futhi kusuka ku-0.9 kuye ku-7, 1 μg / L. Imiphumela azimele yobudala nobulili. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi emabhalabhoratri ehlukene imiphumela yesimo ingahluka, ngakho-ke, amanani wokubhekisisa kufanele anakwe. Amanani la aphakathi kwaleli labhorethi futhi asungulwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwabantu abaphilile.
Inkulumo yevidiyo ngezimbangela zesifo sikashukela:
Kukuziphi izimo lapho izinga elingezansi livamile?
Uma izinga le-peptide liphansi, noshukela, okuphambene nalokho, liphezulu, lokhu kuwuphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Uma isiguli sisemncane futhi singakhuluphele kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi sitholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala. Iziguli ezindala ezinomkhuba wokukhuluphala ziba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nenkambo yokubola. Kulokhu, isiguli kufanele sikhonjiswe imijovo ye-insulin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli sidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
Abelwe:
- ukuhlolwa kwe-fundus;
- ukuzimisela kwesimo semikhumbi nezinzwa zamaphethelo aphansi;
- ukuzimisela kwemisebenzi yesibindi nezinso.
Lezi zitho “zingamatshe” futhi zihlupheka ikakhulu ngamazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini. Uma ngemuva kokuhlolwa isiguli sinezinkinga ngalezi zitho, lapho-ke sidinga ukubuyiselwa okuphuthumayo kwenqanaba le-glucose ejwayelekile nokwelashwa okwengeziwe kwezitho ezithintekile.
Ukuncipha kwe-peptide nakho kuyenzeka:
- ngemuva kokususwa kokuhlinzwa kwengxenye yamanyikwe;
- i-hypoglycemia yokufakelwa, okungukuthi, ukuncipha koshukela wegazi okwabangelwa imijovo ye-insulin.
Kukuziphi izimo lapho izinga elingaphezulu kwesijwayelekile?
Imiphumela yokuhlaziywa okukodwa ngeke ibe yanele, ngakho-ke isiguli sinikezwe okungenani ukuhlaziya okuningana ukunquma izinga kashukela egazini.
Uma i-C-peptide iphakanyisiwe futhi kungekho shukela, khona-ke isiguli sitholakala simelana ne-insulin noma i-prediabetes.
Kulesi simo, isiguli asidingi imijovo ye-insulin okwamanje, kodwa kudingeka sikushintshe ngokushesha indlela yaso yokuphila. Yenqaba imikhuba emibi, qala ukudlala imidlalo bese udla okulungile.
Amazinga aphakanyisiwe we-C-peptide kanye ne-glucose akhombisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ngokuya kobunzima besifo, amaphilisi noma imijovo ye-insulin inganikezwa umuntu lowo. I-hormone inqunywe kuphela isenzo eside, 1 - 2 ngosuku. Uma zonke izidingo zibonwa, isiguli singavikela imijovo futhi sihlale ezibhebheni kuphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwe-C-peptide kungenzeka ngo:
- i-insulinoma - isimila se-pancreatic esakha inani elikhulu le-insulin;
- ukumelana ne-insulin - isimo lapho izicubu zomuntu zilahlekelwa umuzwa wazo we-insulin;
- isifo se-ovary polycystic - isifo sowesifazane esihambisana nokuphazamiseka kwama-hormonal;
- ukwehluleka okungapheli kwezinso - okungenzeka kube yinkimbinkimbi efihlekile yesifo sikashukela.
Ukuzimisela kwe-C-peptide esegazini kungukuhlaziywa okubalulekile ekuhlolweni kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus namanye ama-pathologies athile. Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuqale kuzosiza ukugcina impilo futhi yelula impilo.
