Esikhathini sikashukela i-mellitus, ngaphansi kwethonya lezinguquko ze-pathological ezinqubweni ze-metabolic, kuvela izingqinamba eziningi ezithinta imisebenzi yezinhlelo zangaphakathi zomzimba.
Cishe zonke izitho zithintekile, kufaka phakathi isikhumba.
Amabala, izilonda, izindawo ezihlanganisiwe zesikhumba ziwukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kwezifo ezinesifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela zezilonda zesikhumba
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, isimilo sesifo sikashukela mellitus, kubangela ukwakheka kokuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwe-insulin emzimbeni noma, ngokuntuleka kwe-hormone, ukuqina okune noshukela egazini. Ukweqiwa kwe-insulin noma i-glucose kuholela ekungondleki kwezicubu ze-dermis kanye noshintsho oluhlelekile kumaseli we-epithelial. Ukuqongelelwa kwemikhiqizo yokuwohloka komzimba emangqamuzaneni kukhinyabeza ukulimala kwezikhwanyana zezinwele.
Okuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu kuthinta kabi ukuhamba kwegazi nomsebenzi wezinzwa ezifakwa esikhunjeni. Lokhu kuholela ekwehlekeni kokuzwela kwezitho, ukwanda kokuthambekela kokulimaza imilenze. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yalesi sifo, izivikela zomzimba ziba buthakathaka futhi nomsebenzi wokuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezithambile uyaphazamiseka.
Ngenxa yalokhu, abanesifo sikashukela abakuboni ngokushesha ukulimala okubonakala emzimbeni, ngenxa yesivinini eliphansi sokululama kwamaseli, amanxeba awapholi isikhathi eside, futhi ngenxa yokuqothuka kokugomela, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ukhunta zijoyina isithombe esikhulu.
Ngakho-ke, izimbangela zokugcwala kwesikhumba kushukela kubandakanya:
- ushukela omkhulu wegazi;
- ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-insulin (ukumelana ne-insulin);
- ukwephulwa kokujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni;
- kwehlise ukungatheleleki;
- ukulimala kohlelo lwezinzwa (i-neuropathy);
- ukusabela kokungezwani nezidakamizwa ze-insulin nezokwehlisa ushukela;
- izifo zokukhunta kanye namagciwane.
Kunezici ezimbalwa ezingavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology:
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile Abantu abakhuluphele bakuthola kunzima ukuthola ukulimala komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulezi ziguli ziyajuluka futhi kufakwe izikhumba ezinkulu zesikhumba, okuholela ekubukekeni kokugqashuka, ukusikeka, ukumemeza futhi kusize ukungena kokutheleleka.
- I-Nikotine kanye nomlutha wotshwala. Imikhuba emibi ikhulisa ukonakala kwesikhumba futhi inomthelela ku-vasoconstriction, ophazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi.
- Ukugqoka izicathulo eziqinile nezingakhululeki. Lokhu kuholela ekubonakaleni kwama-calluses kanye nama-scuffs.
- Ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba okunganele. Ngenxa yalokhu, isikhumba siyakoma, kuqhamuke izindawo ezihlanganisiwe kanye nemifantu.
- Ukuguga. Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala zidala ukwehla kwezwi lesikhumba kanye nokomisa okuphuma esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi emilenzeni, kwi-groin ne-perineum.
Imizamo yokulimala okuzenzakalelayo phambi kwesifo sikashukela inomthelela ekuqhubekeni kwezifo zesikhumba kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga.
Izindawo ezibomvu ku-dermatopathy yesifo sikashukela
Kusatshalaliswa i-granuloma ye-annular
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini kanye nokuchama ngokushesha, ukuhanjiswa kwegazi ezicutshini kuyaphazamiseka bese kuvela nezimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamandla.
Ngenxa yalokhu, isimo sesikhumba siguquka, baba yizimbi, izindawo ezihlanganisiwe zivele onyaweni, isikhumba some futhi sivilaphe, imifantu ifake isithende. Ukulunywa nokuxebuka kwenzeka, izinwele ziqala ukuphuma.
Isikhumba sishintsha umbala: i-tint grey noma i-yellowness ingabonakala. Ngenxa yama-capillaries ahlanjululwe, kuvela i-blush (isifo sikashukela) esihlathini, esivame ukubonwa ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela.
Ama-pathologies wesikhumba ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningi:
- ukwelashwa - kuvuka ingemuva lokwelashwa kwe-insulin nokuphuza izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela (i-allergic dermatosis, i-urticaria, i-post-injection lipodystrophy, eczema);
- okuyisisekelo - izifo ezaqhamuka ngenxa ye-angiopathy kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic (i-xanthomatosis, i-lipoid necrobiosis, izilonda zesifo sikashukela, i-dermatopathy yesifo sikashukela);
- okwesibili - ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma isikhunta ngokumelene nesizinda sokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine.
Ukwelapha kwezilonda zesikhumba kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuncipha kwesilinganiso sokuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezithambile, ngenxa yalokho, kuyaqhubeka isikhathi eside, ngokuvela kaningi kokubuyela emuva.
Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esime isikhathi eside, amafomu we-angiopathy. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-pathology yi-dermopathy yesifo sikashukela (bheka isithombe), esivame ukuthinta amadoda aphakathi kweminyaka kanye nabadala.
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko amabala ansundu, embozwe esikalini, engenazhlungu futhi hhayi amabi, avele emilenzeni yomibili futhi anyamalale ngokuzimela ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa.
Uma isifo sikashukela asihlali isikhathi eside, ukubonakala kwamabala ayindilinga e-burgundy ngohlaka olucacile kuwuphawu lwe-erythema. Izilonda ezinjalo zinkulu, zivame ukuvela emzimbeni futhi zihambisana nokuzwa okuncane kokukhathazeka. Amabala ayanyamalala ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokuthola ukwelashwa.
Abaneshukela abanesifo sikashukela baba nezinkinga ezifana ne-acanthosis emnyama (bheka isithombe). Kuvela amabala ansundu emaphethelweni nasezintanjeni zentamo.
Endaweni eyonakalisiwe, isikhumba siveliveka lapho kuthintwa, iphethini elicacile lesikhumba.
Kamuva, ibala elimnyama lakha iphuzu. Lesi sifo sivame ukungabi namandla futhi amabala asheshe ahambe, kepha indlela eyingozi ye-pathology nayo iyenzeka.
Umnyama ofanayo ungenzeka ekuhlanganeni kweminwe. Izilonda ezifanayo zesikhumba zenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwe-insulin emzimbeni, okwenzeka ngokumelana ne-insulin.
Ukuboniswa kwe-lipoid necrobiosis
I-Lipoid necrobiosis - yini? Lesi yisilonda esidalwa yisikhumba emilenzeni, sivela ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Lesi sifo sivame ukubonwa kwabesifazane abahlushwa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Okokuqala, kuvela amabala abomvu emilenzeni (bheka isithombe), ephakanyiswe ngaphezu kwesikhumba, bese iyakhula ibuye ibe ngamabala angenamuntu angenakubalwa.
Ibala elinsundu elimiswe yiluthu maphakathi nendawo, esizeni lapho isilonda esibuhlungu sakha khona isikhathi.
Ukwelapha okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezifo zesikhumba kuqukethe lapho kuqokwa khona okulandelayo:
- izidakamizwa zokubuyiselwa kokuhlinzekwa kwegazi (Aevit, Curantil, Trental);
- ukwelashwa kwamabala ngeFluorocort, Dimexide, Troxevasin;
- ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kwezilonda kanye nemijovo ye-heparin;
- izidakamizwa ezenza i-lipid metabolism ijwayelekile (Lipostabil, Clofibrate);
- ukwelashwa kwe-laser;
- phonophoresis nge-hydrocortisone.
Ezimweni ezinzima, kusetshenziswa ukuhlinzwa kwepulasitiki.
I-Itchy rashes
Enye indlela yokulimala kwesikhumba kushukela ukubukeka kokulunywa emphethweni wesikhumba. Imvamisa, i-pathology yenzeka kungakapheli iminyaka emihlanu ngemuva kokukhula kwesifo sikashukela futhi ivame kakhulu kubantu besifazane.
Ezinqeni, isisu, noma i-groin, kuvela amachashazi aqinile noma abomvu. Amaphuzu ahlangana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indawo ethintekile yomile yesikhumba bese iqhekeka. Ebusuku, ukulunywa kuyaqina.
Ngonyawo noma iminwe yamaphethelo aphezulu nangaphansi, ama-bubble ashukela angakha, afinyelele usayizi wamasentimitha athile.
Umbala we-dermis endaweni yomonakalo awuguquki, imithambo ingahle ihambisane nokulunywa kancane noma ukudunwa, noma kungadaleki kube nzima. Amabhola aqukethe uketshezi olunegazi noma olucacile olungenayo i-microflora ye-pathogenic. Ngemuva kwamaviki amathathu kuya amane, amabhungane anyamalala ngaphandle kokushiya izibazi.
Izilonda zesikhumba ezithathelwanayo
Amabala avela kwabanesifo sikashukela esikhulile ku-groin, phakathi kweminwe, emphethweni wesikhumba naku-perineum kungaba yizimpawu ze-expressionomycosis.
Isikhumba siphenduka sibe bomvu, imifantu nokuguguleka kwakhiwa kuso ngombala okhanyayo kanye nendawo ebomvu neblue.
Izindawo eziseduze kwesikhumba zingambozwa ngamabhuqha amancane. Konke lokhu kuhambisana nokulunywa okukhulu.
Ukuqinisekisa ukutholwa, kuthathwa ukuhlaziywa kwe-microbiological kokukhipha okwenziwe ebusweni kokuguguleka komhlaba.
I-Therapy iqukethe i-physiotherapy futhi ithatha i-fluconazole noma i-itraconazole. Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle, Clotrimazole, Exoderil noma Lamisil kumisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwe-candidiasis emelana nesifo sikashukela, izilonda ezilandelayo ezithathelwanayo zivame ukutholakala:
- i-furunculosis;
- panaritium;
- erysipelas;
- isifo sikashukela sonyawo lwesifo sikashukela;
- i-pyoderma.
Izidakamizwa ze-antibacterial zisetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo, kepha i-pathologies yesikhumba inzima futhi idinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside. Izifo zesikhumba kunzima ukuzelapha futhi zenza kube nzima ukufinyelelisa kahle amazinga aphezulu kashukela.
Ezindaweni ezilimele, into iqala ukuhlanganiswa eyenziwe nge-insulin, ibhubhisa i-hormone. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba ufuna ukuqeda ukutheleleka nokulimazeka futhi kufaka necebo lokuzivikela, eliholela ekunciphiseni okukhulu kokungazeleleki komzimba.
Ngakho-ke, ukusheshisa umphumela, abanesifo sikashukela bandisa umthamo we-insulin, banikeze izidakamizwa eziqinisa izivikeli mzimba, futhi ezimweni ezinzima baphendukela ekuhlinzeni.
Ukuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuvimbela kuzosiza ukuvikela ukutheleleka futhi kudambise lesi sifo:
- vikela isikhumba ekushisweni, emaphungeni, emakhaleni nasezinduneni;
- hlola isikhumba njalo, futhi uma sonakele, sisebenzise ukwelashwa kwe-antiseptic;
- ukukhetha izicathulo ezintofontofo, ezifanelekileyo, ukugwema ukwakheka kwamabele;
- Ukwenza ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba, ungasebenzisi izinto ezibukhali, izembatho zokugeza ezinzima, ungasebenzisi insipho;
- izinqubo zokuhlanzeka kufanele zenziwe njalo nokusetshenziswa kwama-gels ezithambile, angacasuli isikhumba;
- Sebenzisa izimonyo ezi-emollient nezinomswakama ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba.
Izinto zevidiyo ngezifo zesikhumba kushukela:
Uma uthola indawo ebolile noma isilonda esosayizi obalulekile, ungazami ukuwanakekela lomonakalo. Kulokhu, kufanele uvakashele udokotela ngokushesha futhi uvikele ukuwohloka.
