Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa nezakhiwo ze-insulin Detemir

Amalungiselelo e-insulin ahlukahlukene kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yesidingo sokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezilungele abantu abanezimpawu ezihlukile.

Uma ungabekezeleli izingxenye zomuthi owodwa, udinga ukusebenzisa omunye, yingakho osokhemisi bekhiqiza izinto ezintsha nezidakamizwa ezingasetshenziswa ukuguqula izimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Omunye wabo yi-Detemir insulin.

Imininingwane ejwayelekile nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali

Lesi sidakamizwa singokwesigaba se-insulin. Ifaka isenzo eside. Igama lokuhweba lomuthi yiLevemir, yize kukhona umuthi obizwa nge-Insulin Detemir.

Indlela le nsiza esatshalaliswa ngayo iyisisombululo sokuphatha ngokungahambi kahle. Isisekelo sayo yinto etholakala kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-DNA obuhlanganayo - i-Detemir.

Le nto ingenye ye-soluble analogue ye-insulin yabantu. Umgomo wesenzo salo ukunciphisa inani le-glucose emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela.

Sebenzisa umuthi kuphela ngokuya ngemiyalo. Imithamo kanye namarejimeni okujova kukhethwa udokotela. Ushintsho oluzimele kumthamo noma ukungahambisani nemiyalo kungasusa i-overdose, okubangela i-hypoglycemia. Futhi, akufanele uyeke ukuphuza umuthi ngaphandle kolwazi lukadokotela, ngoba lokhu kuyingozi ngezinkinga zesifo.

Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa iyi-analogue ye-insulin yabantu. Isenzo saso yinde. Ithuluzi lihlangana nama-receptors of membrane yamaseli, ukuze ukumunca kwalo kusheshe.

Ukulawulwa kwamazinga kashukela ngosizo lwawo kutholakala ngokwandisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwalo ngezicubu zemisipha. Lesi sidakamizwa sivimbela nokukhiqizwa kwe-glucose ngesibindi. Ngaphansi kwethonya lazo, umsebenzi we-lipolysis ne-proteinolysis uyancipha, ngenkathi ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni okusebenzayo okwengeziwe kwenzeka.

Inani elikhulu kakhulu le-Detemir esegazini ngamahora angama-6-8 ngemuva kokuba umjovo wenziwe. Ukutholwa kwale nto kwenzeka cishe ngokufana kuzo zonke iziguli (ngokushintshashintsha okuncane), kusatshalaliswa ngenani le-0,1 l / kg.

Uma ingena ekuxhumaneni namaprotheni e-plasma, kwakhiwa ama-metabolites angasebenzi. Ukuchithwa kuncike ekutheni umuthi uphathiswe isiguli kangakanani nokuthi ukutholwa kwenzeka ngokushesha kangakanani. Ingxenye yezinto eziphathisiwe isuswa emzimbeni ngemuva kwamahora angama-5-7.

Izinkomba, indlela yokuphatha, imithamo

Ngokuphathelene namalungiselelo we-insulin, imiyalo yokusebenzisa kufanele ibonwe ngokucacile. Kufanele ifundwe ngokucophelela, kepha kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ukuthi unake izincomo zikadokotela.

Ukusebenza ngempumelelo kokwelashwa nomuthi kuncike ekutheni isithombe sesifo sihlolwe kahle kangakanani. Ngokuhlobene nayo, umthamo womuthi kanye neshedyuli yomjovo kunqunywa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli thuluzi kuboniswa ekuhlolweni kwesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo singaba sohlobo lokuqala nolwesibili. Umehluko ukuthi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala, iDetemir ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-monotherapy, futhi ngohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, umuthi uhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela. Kepha kungahle kube nokuhlukile ngenxa yezici zomuntu ngamunye.

Umthamo unqunywa udokotela oholayo, kucatshangelwa izici ezithile zalesi sifo, impilo yesiguli, izimiso zokudla kwakhe kanye nezinga lomsebenzi womzimba. Izinguquko kunoma iziphi zalezi zinto zidinga ukulungiswa kuhlahlelo nemithamo.

Ukufakwa kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, lapho kufaneleka isiguli. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthi imijovo ephindaphindwe yenziwa cishe ngasikhathi sinye sokuqala lapho saphothulwa. Kuvunyelwe ukujova umuthi ethangeni, ehlombe, odongeni lwesibeletho sangemuva kwezitho zangaphansi. Akuvunyelwe ukunikeza imijovo endaweni efanayo - lokhu kungadala i-lipodystrophy. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ukuhambisa ngaphakathi kwendawo evunyelwe.

Isifundo sevidiyo sendlela yokuphatha i-insulin usebenzisa ipeni yesirinji:

Contraindication kanye nemikhawulo

Udinga ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukusebenzisa lo muthi okuphulwa umthetho. Uma kungabhekwa, isiguli singathinteka kakhulu.

Ngokusho kwemiyalo, i-insulin ine-contraindication embalwa.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

1. Hypersensitivity kuzakhi zomuthi. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziguli zinemizwa engemihle kulo muthi. Okunye kwalokhu kusabela kubeka engcupheni enkulu impilo.
2. Iminyaka yezingane (ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-6). Hlola ukusebenza komuthi ezinganeni zalesi sikhathi kwehlulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho datha ekuphepheni kokusebenzisa kuleli banga.

Kukhona futhi izimo lapho ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kuvunyelwe, kepha kudinga ukulawulwa okukhethekile.

Phakathi kwazo kukhona:

1. Isifo sesibindi. Uma bekhona, isenzo sengxenye esebenzayo singaphambukiswa, ngakho-ke, umthamo kufanele ulungiswe.
2. Ukwephulwa kwezinso. Kulokhu, izinguquko ezimisweni sokwenza umuthi nazo kungenzeka - zingakhuphuka noma zinciphe. Ukulawulwa okungapheli kwenqubo yokwelashwa kusiza ukuxazulula inkinga.
3. Ukuguga. Isidumbu sabantu esineminyaka yobudala engama-65 sithola izinguquko eziningi. Ngaphezu kwesifo sikashukela, iziguli ezinjalo zinezinye izifo, kubandakanya izifo zesibindi nezinso. Kepha yize zingekho, lezi zingxenye azisebenzi kanye nasebasha. Ngakho-ke, kulezi ziguli, umthamo ofanele wesidakamizwa nawo ubalulekile.

Lapho zonke lezi zici zibhekwa, ubungozi bemiphumela emibi evela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-Detemir insulin bungancishiswa.

Ngokusho kwezifundo zamanje ngalesi sihloko, umuthi awunawo umthelela omubi enkabeni yokukhulelwa kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kombungu. Kepha lokhu akumenzi aphephe ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke odokotela bahlola ubungozi ngaphambi kokuqoka umama wakhe wesikhathi esizayo.

Lapho usebenzisa lo muthi, kufanele ubheke ngokucophelela inqubekela phambili yokwelashwa, uhlola izinga loshukela. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, izinkomba ze-glucose zingashintsha, ngakho-ke, ukulawula phezu kwazo nokulungiswa kwesikhathi kwemithamo ye-insulin kudingekile.

Akukho mininingwane eqondile ngokungena kwento esebenzayo iye kubisi lwebele. Kodwa kukholelwa ukuthi noma ngabe kufinyelela enganeni, imiphumela emibi akufanele yenzeke.

I-Detemir insulin imvelaphi yamaprotheni, ngakho-ke imunwa kalula. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi ukuphatha umama ngalesi sidakamizwa ngeke kuyilimaze ingane. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane ngalesi sikhathi kudingeka balandele indlela yokudla, futhi bahlole ne-glucose.

Imiphumela emibi kanye ne-overdose

Noma yimuphi umuthi, kufaka phakathi i-insulin, ungadala imiphumela emibi. Kwesinye isikhathi ziyavela isikhashana, kuze kube yilapho umzimba usuhambise isenzo sento esebenzayo.

Kwezinye izimo, ukubonakaliswa kwe-pathological kubangelwa yi-contraindication engaziwa noma ukweqisa komthamo. Lokhu kuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, kwesinye isikhathi ezingaze kuholele ekufeni kwesiguli. Ngakho-ke, noma ikuphi ukuphazamiseka okuhambisana nalomuthi kufanele kubikwe kudokotela oholayo.

Phakathi kwemiphumela emibi ifaka phakathi:

1. I-Hypoglycemia. Lesi simo sihambisana nokuncipha okukhulu koshukela wegazi, okubuye kuthinte kabi inhlala-kahle yesifo sikashukela. Iziguli zithola ukuphazamiseka okunjengekhanda, ukwethuka, isicanucanu, i-tachycardia, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, njll. Kwi-hypoglycemia enkulu, isiguli sidinga usizo oluphuthumayo, ngoba lapho sikhona singenakuphikwa ushintsho ezinhlaka zobuchopho.
2. Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo. Okuvame kakhulu isifo sikashukela i-retinopathy.
3. Allergy. Ingazibonakalisa ngesimo sokuphendula okuncane (ukuqubuka, ubomvu kwesikhumba), nezimpawu ezivezwe ngentshiseko (ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic). Ngakho-ke, ukuvikela izimo ezinjalo, ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa kwenziwa ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-Detemir.
4. Ukuboniswa kwasendaweni. Zibangelwa ukusabela kwesikhumba ekuphatheni umuthi. Zitholakala endaweni yomjovo - le ndawo ingahle iphenduke ibomvu, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nokuvuvukala okuncane. Ukuphendula okufanayo kuvame ukwenzeka esigabeni sokuqala somuthi.

Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqondile ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye yomuthi engadala i-overdose, ngoba lokhu kuncike ezimweni zodwana. Ngakho-ke, isiguli ngasinye kufanele silandele imiyalo etholwe kudokotela.

Inani leziguli ezithole isiqephu esingaphezu kwesisodwa se-hypoglycemia ngesikhathi sokwelashwa nge-Detemir insulin noma i-Glargin insulin

Imiyalo ekhethekile nokusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa

Sebenzisa lo muthi kudinga ukuqapha okuthile.

Ukuze ukwelashwa kube ngempumelelo futhi kuphephe, kufanele kulandelwe le mithetho elandelayo:

1. Ungasebenzisi lo muthi ukwelapha ushukela ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6.
2. Musa ukweqa ukudla (kunobungozi be-hypoglycemia).
3. Ungayisebenzisi ngokweqile ngomsebenzi womzimba (lokhu kuholela ekutholakaleni kwesimo se-hypoglycemic).
4. Khumbula ukuthi ngenxa yezifo ezithathelanayo, isidingo somzimba se-insulin singakhuphuka.
5. Ungawuphathi umuthi umuthi (uma kunjalo, kwenzeka i-hypoglycemia).
6. Khumbula ukuthi kungenzeka ukunakwa okungafanele kanye nezinga lokuphendula uma kwenzeka kune-hypo- ne-hyperglycemia.

Isiguli kufanele sazi zonke lezi zici ukuze senze kahle ukwelashwa.

Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezivela emaqenjini athile, umphumela we-insulin Detemir uhlanekezelwa.

Imvamisa, odokotela bakhetha ukulahla inhlanganisela enjalo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi lokhu akunakwenzeka. Ezimweni ezinjalo, isilinganiso somuthi okukhulunywa ngaso siyanikezwa.

Kuyadingeka ukwandisa umthamo ngenkathi uwuthatha nezidakamizwa ezinjengokuthi:

• i-sympathomimetics;
• glucocorticosteroids;
• okokugcobisa;
• amalungiselelo enzelwe ukukhulelwa;
• ingxenye yama-antidepressants, njll.

Le mishanguzo inciphisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo oqukethe i-insulin.

Ukwehliswa komthamo kuvame ukusetshenziswa lapho kuphuzwa kanye nemithi elandelayo:

• ama-tetracyclines;
• i-carbonic anhydrase, i-ACE, ama-inhibitors we-MAO;
• ama-hypoglycemic agents;
• ama-anabolic steroid;
• ama-beta-blockers;
• imithi equkethe utshwala.

Uma ungalungisi umthamo we-insulin, ukuthatha lezi zidakamizwa kungadala i-hypoglycemia.

Kwesinye isikhathi isiguli siphoqelelwa ukubona udokotela ukuthi asuse esinye umuthi kwesinye. Izizathu zalokhu zingahluka (ukuvela kwemiphumela emibi, intengo ephezulu, ukuphazamiseka kokusetshenziswa, njll). Kunezidakamizwa eziningi eziyizifaniso ze-Detemir insulin.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-Pensulin;
• I-Insuran;
• I-Rinsulin;
• I-Protafan, njll.

Le mishanguzo inomphumela ofanayo, ngakho-ke ihlala isetshenziswa njengokufaka okunye. Kepha umuntu onolwazi oludingekayo nesipiliyoni kufanele akhethe kusuka kuhlu ukuze umuthi ungalimali.

Intengo yeLevemir Flexpen (igama lokuhweba le-Detemir) lomkhiqizo waseDenmark lisuka ku-1 390 kuya kuma-2 950 ruble.