Izimbangela zokukhuphuka kwezidumbu ze-ketone emchameni wengane

Ama-ketones yimikhiqizo ekhethekile evela ngesikhathi se-metabolism futhi akhiwa esibindini.

Amanani amaningi walezi zihlanganisi aholela ekwakhiweni kwe-acetonuria, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic.

Izidumbu zeKetone zitholakala lapho kuvela izimo ezihlukene ze-pathological emzimbeni, ngakho-ke akufanele zibe khona kumuntu ophilile. Uma la makhompiyutha avela enganeni, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe esikhathini esiseduze esizayo.

Izimbangela zama-ketones

Imizimba yeKetone ikhombisa ukwenzeka kwe-acetonemic syndrome. Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwenkimbinkimbi yezimpawu ezivela ekuqoqweni okuningana kwemikhiqizo okwenziwe ngesikhathi se-lipid oxidation.

I-syndrome ihambisana nokwanda kwenani lama-ketones umchamo (ketonuria). Isifo esifanayo sitholakala ezinganeni ezi-5% futhi kwesinye isikhathi sitholakala ngaphambi kokuqala kweminyaka eyi-13.

Ukweqiwa kwezinto ezinjengalezi kubonakala emzimbeni ngenxa yokuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate noma ukumuncwa ngokuphelele kweglucose. Izimbangela ze-acetonuria zincike ezicini ze-metabolism yengane.

Kunezici eziningana ezingavusa i-ketonuria:

• Izikhathi ezinde zokudla phakathi kokudla;
• ukudla isikhathi eside;
• ukulahleka kwenzalo ekudleni;
• ukucindezela
• ukuntuleka kwe-insulin;
• imiphumela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa;
• izifo ezithathelwanayo;
• isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, kanye namanye ama-pathologies wesistimu ye-endocrine;
• ukwanda kwamafutha namaprotheni ekudleni.

Ukuntuleka kokudla kungaholela ekubonakaleni kwenani elikhulu lama-ketones osanda kuzalwa.

Umshini we-acidosis

Lapho fat kufakwa i-oxidised, kwenziwa imikhiqizo elandelayo:

• i-acetoacetic acid;
• i-acetone;
• i-beta hydroxybutyric acid.

Zonke lezi zinto ziguqulwa esibindini, bese ziphuma ngaphandle kokulimaza umzimba ngomchamo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwanoma iyiphi inqubo ye-pathological inegalelo ekwandeni kwenani lama-ketones, eliqala ukuqongelela egazini, bese lingena kumchamo. Lesi simo sibizwa nge- ketonuria (acetonuria).

Kungakhathaleki ukuthi yiziphi izizathu ezaholela ekutheni kube nokushoda kwe-carbohydrate, i-metabolism yamafutha iyenziwa inqubo yokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ngenxa yalokho kukhululwa ama-asidi ahambisanayo ezitokisini zomzimba. Lezi zinto ziqongelela esibindini, lapho ziguqulwa zibe yi-acetoacetic acid, esetshenziswa njengenye indawo kushukela. Izinsalela zalo ziguqulwa i-cholesterol futhi ziguqulelwa kuma-ketones.

Ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-acetoacetic acid kungathinta kabi i-metabolism yamandla maqondana nokucindezelwa komsebenzi we-enzyme, okunomthelela ekuguqukeni kwayo okusheshayo. Ngenxa yalokho, inketho kuphela yokususwa kwayo ukukhiqizwa kwe-ketone. Lesi simo sihambisana nemiphumela enobuthi ye-acetone.

Umphumela we-ketoacidosis emzimbeni

I-Keacidosis ibangelwa yizici eziningi eziholela kwizimpawu ezahlukahlukene ezingathandeki. Ababelethi kufanele bananzelele lesi simo kusesengaphambili ukuze bathathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokwenza le nkambiso ibuye, futhi bavikele nemiphumela emibi.

Bonke abantu kufanele bazi ngemiphumela yemizimba ye-ketone, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu ngomzimba nokuthi kuvezwa kanjani.

Imiphumela yengane:

1. Uma izinga lama-ketones abanjiwe liphakanyisiwe, i-ketoacidosis iyenzeka. Noma yimiphi imizamo yokubuyisa i-alkaline reservation reservation kuholela ekuqothulweni komzimba wekhabhoni. Lokhu kungenxa yomsebenzi omkhulu wamaphaphu, ongadala ama-spasms athinta imithambo yobuchopho.
2. Ukudlula kwama-ketones kunciphisa ukuqina kokuphela kwezinzwa, futhi kwezinye izimo kuholela ekwakhiweni komqondo.
3. Umbono uyawohloka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo, osetshenziselwa ukukhipha imizimba ye-ketone.
4. Ulwelwesi lwe-mucous lwamathumbu nesisu alucasukanga, okuholela ekuhlaselweni kokuhlanza nobuhlungu esiswini.
5. Ulwelwesi lwamaseli luyachithwa.

Lezi zinguquko ezingezinhle zenzeka ezimweni lapho kunamanani amaningi we-ketones eqhathaniswa nezinga lawo kumuntu ophile kahle (okujwayelekile kungaphezu kwama-50 mg / l).

Izimpawu zesifo

I-acetonuria ibhekwa njengophawu lwesifo. Imbangela yalesi simo ihlotshaniswa ne-pathology ethuthukisiwe. Ngokuya ngomthombo, i-acetonuria syndrome ingaba nokubonakaliswa okuyisisekelo noma kwesibili.

I-syndrome eyisisekelo enganeni ibhekwa njengomphumela wokuthuthukiswa kwe-neuro-arthritic diathesis. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwezakhi zofuzo futhi kubhekisele ekuphenduleni okungaphenduki kokwethukuthelisa okwijwayelekile kubantu abaningi.

Izingane ezinokuthambekela okunjalo zivame uku:

• ngokomzwelo
• hyperactive
• okuhle;
• inelukuluku kakhulu.

Kulesi simo, umzimba uhlangabezana nokuphazamiseka okunjengokuthi:

• ukuntuleka kwamandla e-enzymatic yesibindi;
• i-endocrine pathologies;
• ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwe-carbohydrate, i-uric acid, amafutha.

Isifo sesibili sikhula siphikisana nesizinda sokuqhakaza kwengane noma inqubo yokugula. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufika ngesikhathi, ungabona kalula ukuthi kungani kwavela lesi sifo, futhi uhlakulele irekhodi lokwelashwa ukucindezela izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis.

Izimpawu ze-acetonuria yesibili:

• izikhathi zokuhlanza noma isicanucanu;
• iphunga le-acetone;
• ubuqili;
• ukunciphisa umzimba
• isikhumba esomile
• Ubuhlungu esiswini;
• ukulahleka kwesifiso
• uphefumula kakhulu
• ukungahambi kahle;
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo;
• umkhuhlane.

Lesi sifo sisesekuqaleni akuvamile ukuthi sihambisane nezimpawu ezinzima, ngakho-ke, siqhubeka singanakwa yingane nabazali bayo. Esikhathini esifushane, ukubonakaliswa kwenqubo ye-pathological kuqina kakhulu, kufinyelela amanani abucayi.

Ividiyo evela kudokotela wezingane odumile uKomarovsky mayelana ne-acetone ezinganeni:

Ukuxilongwa kwe-pathology

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kususelwa ezindinganisweni ezi-3:

• ukwazi umlando weziguli nokutadisha kwawo;
• ukuhlaziywa kwezimpawu zezingane, ukuqoqwa kwezikhalazo;
• imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwelebhu.

Ukuxilongwa kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa indlela ehlukanisiwe. Lokhu kusivumela ukuthi singafaki ezinye izinqubo ze-pathological ezenzeka ngezimpawu ezifanayo.

Izifo ezifana nalezi zifaka phakathi:

• izimila ebuchosheni;
• izifo
• izimo ezimbi kakhulu ezidinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
• izindlela zokugaya zesistimu yokugaya.

Amasu elabhorethri aqukethe, okokuqala, lapho enza ukuhlolwa kwegazi, kanye nomchamo.

Ukungabikho koshintsho kuzo, kuvame ukuholela ekwakhiweni kwe-ketoacidosis, kwenza sikwazi ukubona ukubonakaliswa okuyinhloko kwe-asedotic syndrome.

Ngesikhathi sokuchazwa kwemiphumela etholakele, ochwepheshe banaka le mikhakha elandelayo:

1. Ukuba khona kwama-ketones (kumchamo), inani lakhona lingaphezu kwama-50 mg / l.
2. Ukukhuphula amanani we-uric acid kanye ne-protein protein.
3. Ukutholwa kwe-glucose.

Ukwanda koshukela wegazi akuvezi njalo isifo sikashukela. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka ngemuva kokuphathwa kangaphakathi kwe-glucose ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Ukwelashwa kwesifo kwenziwa ngokubhekelela ukuphazamiseka komzimba nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Kufaka imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Ukuvinjelwa kwamafutha.
2. Ukwanda kokudla kwe-carbohydrate.
3. Ukudla ama-enzyme asiza ukuthuthukisa ukugaya kanye nokumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate (ngokwesibonelo, amavithamini B, i-cocarbaxylase).
4. Ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous kwe-sodium chloride. Isixazululo siyadingeka ukukhipha amandla okuvuselela umzimba nokuthambisa umzimba emzimbeni obuthakathaka.
5. Ukwethulwa kwe-glucose (ngaphakathi emzimbeni), okudingekile ukuqeda ukushoda kwe-carbohydrate.
6. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-antibacterial phambi kwezinkomba ezifanele.
7. Ukwelashwa kokudla ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezingaba nomphumela wokubuyisela emzimbeni. Le ndlela yokwelashwa isetshenziswa hhayi esibhedlela kuphela, kepha nasekhaya. Into esemqoka ukuthi akukho ukwephulwa okungathi sína, okubonakaliswa ngendlela yokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kokuhlanza nokuqukethwe izidumbu ze-ketone ezingaphezu kuka-500 mg / l.

Ukuba khona kwe-neuro-arthritic syndrome enganeni kudinga lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• ukuhambisana nemikhawulo yokudla;
• ukuhlelwa kwesikhathi esabelwe ukudla;
• ukungafakwa kwekhefu elide phakathi kokudla okulula.

Ukutholwa kokuphendula okubuthakathaka kwama-ketones akusona isizathu sokulaliswa esibhedlela okuphoqelekile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izindlela zokwelapha zivunyelwe ukwenziwa ekhaya.

Iziphakamiso Zokudla

• ukubaluleka kwe-carbohydrate yokugaya kalula ekudleni (ukuvimbela ukuswelakala kwe-glucose);
• ukungafakwa kwamafutha;
• ukondleka okuneziqu;
• isiphuzo esiningi (ungasebenzisa itiye elifudumele elimnandi, i-alkali namanzi amaminerali).

Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwe-profuse nokuhlanza kaningi, kuyadingeka ukuphindaphinda usawoti kanye noswidi ngezixazululo zokuphelelwa ngamandla usuku lonke. Uma ingane ingakwazi ukuphuza ngokuzimela, kufanele inikezwe uketshezi nge-syringe ngenani elibalwe ngokwesisindo (ngekhilogremu ngalinye ngalinye liyadingeka).

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Komarovsky mayelana nokuphuza ingane ngesikhathi se-acetone nokuhlanza:

Ngendlela efanele yokwelashwa, ingozi yokuhlaselwa yi-acetonemic iyancipha ngokuqala kwesikhathi sokuthomba, okungukuthi, lapho ingane ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-14. Izenzo zokwelapha ezifika ngesikhathi zivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-acetonemic syndrome futhi zisize ukumisa ukubonakaliswa kwayo.