Yini ingozi yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, cishe abesifazane abangamaphesenti ayi-10 bakhombisa ngokweqile ushukela ekuhlaziyeni komchamo noma kwegazi.

Uma ucwaningo lwesibili lukhombisa umphumela ofanayo, khona-ke owesifazane uthola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Ukwehluleka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism

Isizinda se-hormonal esishintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sinciphisa inqubo yokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, okuthi, ngokumelene nesizinda sokwanda kwesisindo kanye nokwehla komsebenzi we-motor, kuholele ekukhuleni okungaguquki kwamanani eglucose. Lokhu kunomthelela omubi kuma-metabolism futhi kuhlanganisa umsebenzi wezitho zangaphakathi.

Imvamisa, abesifazane ngaphambi kokukhulelwa babanga nokubonakaliswa kokwehluleka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism.

Ngemuva kokulethwa, izinkomba zikashukela zijwayelekile, kepha khombisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukwephulwa kohlelo lwe-endocrine ngokuzayo. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa esikhulelwe sinekhodi ye-ICD ye-10 - O24.4.

Kungani kwenzeka lesi sifo?

Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwengqondo kwe-intrauterine yengane, umzimba ukhiqiza umthamo owengeziwe we-glucose ukuhlinzeka ngokubeletha ngamandla nokudla okufanele ukuze kukhule futhi kukhule.

Ama-pancreas asebenza ngemodi ethuthukisiwe, aqinisekise ukukhiqizwa kwenani elidingekayo le-insulin, elilungisa izinga loshukela emzimbeni.

Ngasikhathi sinye, i-insulin ingena lapho ilwa ne-progesterone - i-hormone ekhiqizwa yi-placenta, evimba isenzo sayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hormone aholela ekulahlekelweni kokulimazeka kwe-insulin ngamaseli, okuthi ngenxa yalokho kube nomphumela wokwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-glucose.

Kunezigaba zabesifazane ezisengozini kakhulu yokuvela kwalesi sifo. Lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa, kufanele usondele ekuvinjelweni kwezingozi ezingaba khona.

Kaningi, ushukela ukhuphuka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abaye:

• ukukhuluphala;
• Izici zofuzo;
• isifo se-ovarian;
• iminyaka ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40;
• imikhuba emibi (ukubhema, utshwala);
• isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ekukhulelweni kwangaphambilini;
• i-polyhydramnios;
• ukufa kwesibeletho se-fetus;
• izithelo ezinkulu;
• Izinkinga ezake zahlonzwa ngaphambilini ngokuzala kanye nokuzalwa kwezingane ngama-pathologies;
• ongowesizwe esithile - phakathi kwabesifazane base-Asia, abesifazane baseSpanic nabase-Afrika, i-GDM ivame ukubonwa;
• amacala aphindaphindwayo we-glucose ekhuphukile esikhathini esedlule.

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe abangalezi zigaba, kumiswa ukulawulwa okuthuthukile ngudokotela ohambelayo.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile

Izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-carbohydrate metabolism ziyefana nokubonakala kwamanye ama-pathologies, futhi izifundo ezengeziwe zizodingeka ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwale sifo.

Kungakuhle ukuxwayisa udokotela oholayo uma lezi zibonakaliso ezilandelayo zibonakala:

• ukoma okwandayo;
• ukuchama ngokushesha ngephunga le-acetone;
• shintsha ekudleni;
• ukulunywa ngofuzo;
• ubuthakathaka, ukungaphatheki kahle, ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
• ingcindezi ekhuphukayo, i-tachycardia;
• izinkinga zokubuka.

Uma ungazinaki izimpawu futhi ungaqali ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, khona-ke isifo sikashukela kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu:

• ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hyperglycemia;
• isifo sezinso
• ukungaboni kahle
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme, unhlangothi;
• izinkinga zenhliziyo
• ukulahleka kwengqondo;
• ukuncipha kokuzwa;
• ukuvuselelwa okuphansi kwezicubu ezonakele.

Yini ubungozi be-GDM?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela kungaqalanga ngesikhathi, ukubhaliswa sekwedlule isikhathi nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane noma ukungazinaki izincomo zikadokotela kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi ngesimo sikamama kanye nesesibeletho.

Owesifazane okhulelwe usengozini yezinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• umsebenzi wezinso ongonakalisiwe;
• ithemba lokuthuthukisa i-pathologies ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okulandelayo;
• ngokuhambisana ne-ischemia yenhliziyo, lesi sifo kungaholela ekufeni kowesifazane ngesikhathi sokubeletha;
• ukubonakaliswa kwe-gestosis sekwephuzile nge-edema enzima, ukuqunjelwa kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme;
• ukutholakala kokungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lokujikeleza, okuholela kokutholakala kwe-preeclampsia ne-eclampsia - isimo esibi lapho umphumela ongabakhona ungabakhona;
• ukuzalwa okunzima kokulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi zomzimba ngenxa yokuzalwa kwesibeletho esikhulu;
• ukwehla okubukhali kokubala okubonakalayo.

Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwanga sesifo sikashukela siyimbangela ejwayelekile yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuphuka kwesisu nokukhula kwesifo sikashukela esisezingeni eliphakeme ngokuzayo. Ushukela wegazi ophakeme wehlisa amathuba okuzala ngokwemvelo.

Ukhuphuka kweglucose kunomthelela ongemuhle kuzingane ezikhulayo. Ezinyangeni zokuqala zesikhathi sokukhulelwa, amanyikwe engane akakwazi ukukhipha i-insulin, ngakho-ke ukweqisa koshukela okuvela kumama kukhuthaza ukubonakala kwe-pathologies yesistimu yengqondo nengqondo yengane. Imvamisa ku-trimester yokuqala, ukukhulelwa kugcina ngokuphuphuma kwesisu.

Kusuka ku-trimester yesibili, ngokuya ngemuva kwesifo sikashukela sikamama, ingane inokuphazamiseka okungaka kwentuthuko:

• usayizi omkhulu ngokuphulwa kwezilinganiso zomzimba - amahlombe abanzi, isisu esikhulu, ungqimba lwamafutha abalulekile nezimbambo ezincane kukhula ngokweqile kwe-glucose ngokweqile;
• ngemuva kokuzalwa, ingane ine-yellowing yesikhumba, ukuvuvukala;
• ukugoqwa kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi kungenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwegazi;
• ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, ukujaha.

Ngenxa ye-pathologies yokuzalwa, ukufa kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa emasontweni okuqala empilo cishe kungama-80%.

Kamuva, izingane ezizalwa omama abangakazalwa zikhulisa ukukhuluphala bese zithayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-2.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-pathology

Emtholampilo wabakhulelwe, owesifazane okhulelwe uvame ukunikezwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-glucose.

Imvamisa yezinkomba zokuhlushwa ushukela:

• lapho ihlaziywa esiswini esingenalutho - hhayi ngaphezu kwe-6 mmol / l
• lapho uhlolwa amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla - ngaphansi kwama-7 mmol / l

Uma imiphumela iphezulu kakhulu, kusetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose, okudinga ukulandela imithetho:

• ezinsukwini ezintathu ngaphambi kocwaningo, ungashintshi imikhuba, ukudla nendlela yokuphila;
• igazi linikezwa esiswini esingenalutho;
• ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-5 udinga ukuphuza isisombululo se-glucose ngamanzi;
• ngemuva kwamahora ama-2, isifundo siyaphindwa.

I-Pathology itholakala uma amazinga kashukela:

• esiswini esingenalutho - ngaphezu kwe-6 mmol / l
• ngemuva kokudla kakhulu ushukela - ngaphezu kwe-7 mmol / l

Ngamanani amukelekile ezinyangeni eziyi-7, ukuhlolwa kuyaphindwa. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kukhuphuka, futhi imiphumela ithembeke kakhudlwana.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwesifo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubheke kakhulu amazinga eglucose kakhudlwana.

Owesifazane okhulelwe uthola lezi zincomo zomtholampilo ezilandelayo:

• njalo uthathe umchamo ukuze uhlaziywe ukuze kutholakale izidumbu ze-ketone ngesikhathi;
• ngokuzimela qaphela izinga likashukela izikhathi ezine ngosuku esiswini esingenalutho kanye namahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla ukudla;
• ukukala njalo ukucindezela;
• Ungadli ngokweqile - isisindo akufanele sonyuke ngamakhilo angaphezu kuka-12;
• lungisa ukudla;
• hambisa okuningi.

Ukuqinisa izinga elithile likashukela wokuthambisa, ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo kungenzeka kwanele.

Uma izinga le-glucose linganciphi, udokotela unquma imijovo ye-insulin. Umthamo womuthi ubalwa ngokuya ngobukhulu bokunqobeka.

Imijovo idinga ukwenziwa ngesirinji esilahlayo futhi ungasicasuli isikhumba ngotshwala, ngoba notshwala buwenza i-insulin ibe lula.

Ukudla ukuze wenze lesi simo sibe ngokwejwayelekile

Ukuguqula indlela odla ngayo kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokwenza ushukela wakho wegazi ube ngokwejwayelekile. Kufanele udle kaningi ngezingxenye ezincane, ungakhohlwa ukuphuza amalitha ama-2 amanzi ahlanzekile ngosuku.

Inani lama-carbohydrate asheshayo kumele ancishiswe libe lincane, futhi isilinganiso se-protein ne-fiber kufanele sinyuswe. Izinga lansuku zonke akufanele lidlule amakhalori ayi-1800 futhi liqukethe amaprotheni angama-30%, ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi namafutha angama-30%. Ukudla kwasekuseni kanye nokudla okulula kufanele kube nama-carbohydrate.

Isisekelo semenyu kufanele sibe:

• izinhlanzi ezinamafutha amancane nemikhiqizo yenyama;
• okusanhlamvu nezitsha zokudla ezihlangothini;
• khawulela imikhiqizo yobisi kanye noshizi, ukhilimu namafutha aphezulu kakhulu;
• imikhiqizo yesoya, i-lentil;
• izithelo nemifino eminingi;
• ukudla kwasolwandle.

Kufanele unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamatamatisi, amazambane, u-anyanisi. Ukudla amawolintshi nezithelo ezimuncu ngenani elincane, hhayi ngaphezu kwe-apula elilodwa noma i-orange ngosuku.

Kepha u-ayisikhilimu, ikakhulukazi ophekwe ekhaya, uzoba isiphuzo esinempilo nesilula. Kuzodingeka wenqabe ukudla okuthosiwe futhi unikeze ukukhethwa kokubamba, ukubamba kanye nokubhaka. Mayelana namaswidi, isinkwa namakhekhe kuzodingeka akhohlwe.

Imikhiqizo efana:

• amasoseji nezitsha ezinamafutha;
• ukudla okubhemayo nokwenziwe emathinini;
• imikhiqizo yenyama engaqediwe;
• amasoseji anamafutha;
• izithelo ezimnandi (ikhabe, ubhanana);
• iziphuzo zekhabhoni.

Okuningi ngokudla kweshukela sikashukela komzimba kule vidiyo:

Ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ungasebenzisa umuthi we-herbal ukunciphisa ushukela:

• iklabishi entsha nejusi le-karoti kuzokweseka ama-pancreas;
• Ama-50 g amaqabunga e-blueberry, gcoba imizuzu engama-30 ilitha lamanzi abilayo bese uphuza nengxenye yengilazi izikhathi ezine ngosuku;
• kuyasiza ukuthatha ama-decoctions we-chamomile, i-clover, udle ama-cranberries amasha, ama-raspberries, ama-sea sihlahla sivame ukutholakala.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba

Ukungasebenzi kahle komzimba kuhlangene nokukhuluphala kungenye yezimbangela zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Ngakho-ke, ukuzivocavoca njalo ngomfutho olinganiselayo kuzoba indlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha nokuvimbela ukwenza amazinga e-glucose abe ngokwejwayelekile.

Udinga ukwenza izivivinyo, ugxile enhlalakahleni yakho hhayi uholele ekubukekeni kwesiyezi, ukushesha komoya nokulimala. Uma ubuhlungu besisu kwenzeka, ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kumiswe futhi kubonane nodokotela.

Lapho wenza imfundo yezokuzivocavoca, kuyadingeka ukukhipha izivivinyo kwimisipha yabezindaba. Kungcono ukwenza ukuthambekela, ukuguquka, ukuzungeza kanye nomzimba. Iwusizo kuzobhukuda, ukuhamba, amakilasi we-aerobics. Akunconywa ukuthi ubambe iqhaza emidlalweni ebuhlungu: ukuhamba ngamabhayisekili, ukushushuluza, ukushushuluza, ukugibela amahhashi.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuzolungiselela izicubu zokubeletha, kwandise ithoni yomzimba wonke futhi kuthuthukise nemizwa.

Isifundo sevidiyo esineqoqo lokuzivocavoca abesifazane abakhulelwe:

Isifo sikashukela sokuzala kanye nokuzala kwengane

Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ngemuva kokubeletha zinyamalala, futhi noshukela kuyinto evamile. Ingxenye yesine kuphela yabesifazane ibona ukuthuthuka kwesifo sikashukela ngemuva kokukhulelwa.

Uma ukuthuthukiswa kwengane akuyona into ekhathazayo, khona-ke ukuzala kwengane kwenzeka ngokwemvelo ngokuqapha njalo kwenhliziyo yengane nokulawulwa koshukela.

Ukukhulelwa okwenzeka ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kungavusa ukubambezeleka ekukhuleni kwengane noma ngosayizi wayo omkhulu. Kulokhu, isigaba se-cesarean senziwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kokubeletha enganeni.

Okusanda kuzalwa kunoshukela ophansi egazini, okungadingi ukulungiswa futhi kubuyiselwa emuva kokudla.

Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ukuqapha ukugxilwa kukashukela kumama nengane kuyaqhubeka isikhathi esithile.

Ukuvikelwa kwezifo

I-Pathology ingenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma kowesifazane ophile kahle, lapho izinkomba zikashukela ekuhlaziyeni bezilokhu zijwayelekile. Uma ukwanda kwe-glucose sekubonakele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwangaphambilini, khona-ke amathuba okubuya kwezimpawu zesifo sikashukela kuphezulu.

Ukuhambisana nezinyathelo zokuvimbela kuzosiza ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga:

1. Udinga ukulawula isisindo sakho lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa nesikhathi sonke sokukhulelwa.
2. Ukudla kowesifazane okhulelwe kufanele kube nokulingene futhi kungabi nezitsha ezingakhuphula ushukela wegazi (amaswidi, izitsha zikafulawa, ukudla okune-sitashi).
3. Hlukana nemikhuba emibi. I-Nikotine notshwala bakhuphula amazinga kashukela.
4. Sebenzisa inzalo ngokuqapha ngaphambi kokuhlela ukukhulelwa nangemva kokubeletha.
5. Eminye imishanguzo, efana ne-prednisone, inganciphisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-insulin.
6. Kala ingcindezi njalo. Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uvusa ukwanda kwe-glucose.
7. Ukuvakashela udokotela kusuka ekukhulelweni kokuqala kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izincomo zakhe.
8. Ukuhamba kancane emoyeni omusha, ukuvivinya umzimba nokulala okugcwele kuzovumela ukukhulelwa ukuthi kuqhubeke ngokuzolile futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.