Lesi sifo akuyona neze into eyimpucuko yesimanjemanje, sasaziwa ezikhathini zasendulo. Kepha ngeke sibe abangenasisekelo bese siphendukela emlandweni wesifo sikashukela. Ngekhulu le-19 phakathi nokumbiwa kwe Theban necropolis (amathuna), kwatholakala ipapa, usuku lwawo okungowe-1500 BC. UGeorge Ebers (1837-1898), isazi esidumile saseJalimane i-Egyptologist, wahumusha futhi wahumusha lo mbhalo; ukumdumisa, njengokwejwayelekile, futhi waqamba igama likapapa. U-Ebers wayengumuntu obabazekayo: eneminyaka engama-33 wayesekhanda uMnyango we-Egyptology e-University of Leipzig, futhi kamuva wavula iMnyuziyamu ye-Egypt Antiquities lapho. Akabhalanga nje kuphela imisebenzi eminingi yesayensi, kodwa futhi wabhala nezinoveli ezimangalisayo zomlando - uWard nabanye. Kepha mhlawumbe umsebenzi wakhe obaluleke kunayo yonke yilokho ukuqoqisisa i-Theban papyrus.
Kulombhalo, ngokokuqala ngqa, igama lalesi sifo okubhalwe kulo le ndatshana, lapho singaphetha khona ukuthi odokotela baseGibhithe bangazihlukanisa izimpawu zalo eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezintathu edlule. Ngalezo zikhathi ezikude, izwe laliphethwe nguThutmose III, owahlula iSyria, iPalestine neKush (manje eyiSudan). Kuyacaca ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukunqoba ukunqoba okungaka ngaphandle kwebutho elinamandla, elalihlala landa futhi lithole amandla. Izigqila eziningi, igolide kanye nobucwebe baba yimpango yabaseGibhithe, kepha maqondana nesihloko sengxoxo yethu, enye into ebalulekile: uma kukhona ukulwa okuningi, khona-ke ukulimala nokufa akunakugwenywa.
Bobabili uThutmose III, kanye nabalandela esikhundleni sakhe kusuka kuma-dynasties alandelayo, opharao, babenesifiso esikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemithi, futhi ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa: ezweni lonke babefuna abantu abafanele, babaqeqeshe, kepha kwakukhona umsebenzi omningi odokotela: izimpi zegazi zazenziwa cishe njalo.
Inkolelo yabafileyo, ikakhulukazi eyakhula eGibhithe lasendulo, nayo yadlala indima enkulu - izidumbu zagqunywa, ngaleyo ndlela saba nethuba lokufunda ukwakheka kwezitho zangaphakathi. Abanye odokotela bebengazibandakanyi nje emisebenzini, kepha futhi nasethiyori, bachaza abakuqaphelile, benza izifungo, benza iziphetho. Ingxenye yomsebenzi wabo isifikile (sibonga abavubukuli nabahumushi!), Kubandakanya i-papyrus, lapho kukhulunywa ngoshukela.
Ngemuva kwesikhashana, ekuqaleni kwenkathi edlule nenkathi entsha, u-Aulus Cornelius Celsus, owayephila ngesikhathi sokubusa kombusi uTiberius, wasichaza kabanzi lesi sifo. Ngokuya kososayensi, imbangela yesifo sikashukela ukungakwazi kokugaya ukudla kahle, futhi wabheka ukuchama okuningi njengophawu oluphambili lwalesi sifo.
Leli gama, lesi sifo esibizwa ngalo kuze kube namuhla, laqalwa ngumphilisi u-Arethus. Kwaqhamuka egameni lesiGrikhi "diabaino", elisho ukuthi "dlula." Bekusho ukuthini ukuthi ama-Asses ngokunikeza igama elingaziwa kangako ekuqaleni? Futhi iqiniso lokuthi amanzi okuphuza agobhoza emzimbeni wesiguli ekusakazweni okusheshayo, okungaqedi ukoma, kuyaphuma.
Nakhu okucashunwe kudokhumenti lwezokwelapha esesifikile kulo, umbhali waso okuyi: "Isifo sikashukela siyahlupheka, kuvame kakhulu kubantu besifazane. Sincibilikisa inyama nezitho zomchamo .... Kepha uma wenqaba ukuphuza uketshezi, umlomo wesiguli uyoma, isikhumba esomile, ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, isicanucanu, ukugabha, ukugabha nokufa ngokushesha kujwayelekile. "
Lesi sithombe, kusobala, asikhuthazi ukuba nethemba kwethu, thina bantu banamuhla, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi sakhombisa ngempela isimo sezinto esikhona njengamanje: isifo sikashukela sasibhekwa njengesifo esingalapheki.
Kunake kakhulu ukunakwa kulokhu kugula komunye udokotela wasendulo - Galen (130-200gg). Akayena nje udokotela ovelele, kepha futhi ungumhlaziyi wezengqondo, owaba udokotela wasenkantolo odokotela abahlaseli bempi. UGalen ubhale ngokwelapha okuyikhulu ezindabeni zemithi hhayi ezijwayelekile kepha futhi nangencazelo ye-pathologies ethile. Ngokubona kwakhe, isifo sikashukela asiyilutho ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa umchamo, futhi wabona isizathu salesi simo ekusebenzeni kabi kwezinso.
Ngokuzayo, nakwamanye amazwe kwakukhona abantu abafunda lesi sifo futhi bazama ukusichaza - imibono eminingi yalesosikhathi isondele kakhulu kule yesimanjemanje. Umelaphi ovelele wase-Arab Avicenna owakhiwa ngo-1024. "Canon evelele yesayensi yezokwelapha", engalahlekanga ukubaluleka kwayo namanje. Nakhu okucashunwe kukho: "Isifo sikashukela siyisifo esibi, esivame ukuholela ekukhathalekeni nasekomeni. Sidonsa uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, sinqande inani elifanele lomswakama ukungena kulo ukuphuza amanzi. Imbangela yesifo sikashukela yisimo esingesihle sezinso ..."
Umuntu ngeke aqaphele umnikelo weParacelsus (1493-1541). Ngokombono wakhe, lesi yisifo somzimba wonke, hhayi noma yisiphi isitho esithile. Enhlizweni yalesi sifo ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokwenziwa kasawoti, ngenxa yokuthi izinso ziyacasulwa bese ziqala ukusebenza ngemodi ethuthukisiwe.
Njengoba ubona, umlando wesifo sikashukela uyamangaza impela, emuva ngalezo zinsuku nakuwo wonke amazwe abantu babephethwe yisifo sikashukela, futhi odokotela abakwazanga ukukuqaphela nje kuphela futhi ukuhlukanisa nokunye ukugula, kodwa futhi kwandisa impilo yesiguli esinjalo. Izinkomba eziphambili - umlomo owomile, ukoma okunganqamuki nesifo sikashukela, ukuncipha kwesisindo - konke lokhu, ngokuya ngokubuka kwesimanje, kubonisa uhlobo 1 sikashukela.
Odokotela baphatha isifo sikashukela ngendlela ehlukile, kuya ngohlobo. Ngakho-ke, ngesimilo sesibili sabantu asebekhulile, ukumiliselwa kwezitshalo ezinciphisa ushukela, ukudla, kwasiza lesi simo, futhi nokuzila ukudla okwenziwayo kwabuye kwenziwa. Umuthi wokugcina awemukelwa odokotela banamuhla, kanti abokuqala bokuqala basetshenziswa ngempumelelo manje. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kokusekela kungelula impilo iminyaka eminingi, vele, uma lesi sifo sitholakele singephuzi kakhulu noma inkambo yaso singekho sibi.
