Isithuthwane sisho izifo zemithambo enenkambo engapheli. Kuhambisana nokuhlaselwa okubonakalayo, lapho isiguli kufanele sinikezwe umuthi wokulwa nokwelashwa okungajwayelekile. Le mishanguzo ifaka uConvalis, umisa ukubanjwa okwesikhashana. Ngokwakheka komuthi kunento ekhethekile, ngenxa yokuthi umuthi unikeza umphumela we-analgesic. Unokuphambana, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwalo muthi kungamukeleki. Ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo ngezinjongo zokwelapha kwenziwa ngokwemiyalelo.
Igama
Umuthi unikezwe i-International Nonpparetary Name (INN) - uGabapentin, igama lesiLatini yiConvalis.
UConvalis wumuthi odambisa ukuquleka okuyingxenye.
I-ATX
Ikhodi ye-ATX yi-N03AX12, inombolo yokubhaliswa ngu-LS-001576 yango-01.12.2017.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Uhlobo lokukhipha lomuthi ngama-capsule aphuzi aphuzi. I-white crystalline powder ikhona ngaphakathi esitsheni se-gelatin. Umenzi uhlinzeka ngokutholakala kwezingxenye ezisizayo nezisebenzayo. Okusemqoka kufaka phakathi i-300 mg gabapentin. Okungeziwe kufaka phakathi:
- i-lactose monohydrate;
- isitashi se-pregelatinized (ummbila);
- usawoti we-magnesium we-stearic acid;
- i-talcum powder.
Igobolondo le-gelatin liqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:
- i-gelatin;
- udayi ophuzi;
- titanium dioxide.
Amakhabethe abekwe emaphepheni enziwa ama-10 ama-pcs. Ephaketheni - akukho ngaphezu kwezi-5. Ibhokisi liqukethe yonke imininingwane edingekayo, kufaka phakathi ikheli lomkhiqizi, inombolo ye-batch kanye nosuku lokuphelelwa kwalo. Imiyalo esetshenzisiwe ifakiwe kwiphakheji ngalinye.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Into eyisisekelo iyafana emthethweni ku-gaba neurotransmitter. Ngokungafani ne-barbiturates, i-valproic acid, inhibitors ekhethiwe ye-gaba-transaminase, i-gaba-agonists ne-benzodiazepine, i-anticonvulsant ayithinti i-metabolism kanye nezinga lokuthathwa kwe-GABA. Ngaphezu komphumela we-antiepileptic, umuthi uyakwazi ukumisa ukuhlaselwa kobuhlungu be-neuropathic kwamanye ama-pathologies.
I-Convalis iqukethe into ekhethekile, ngenxa yokuthi umuthi uhlinzeka ngomphumela we-analgesic.
Ama-calcium ions adlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kokuhlaselwa kobuhlungu be-neuropathic. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto eziphambili, i-ion flux iyacindezelwa, ukufa okuncike ku-glutamate kwe-neurons kuyancipha, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-gaba kuyanda, ukukhishwa kwamahhala kwe-monoamine neurotransmitters kubuthakathaka. Ngokuncike kuzo zonke izincomo zezokwelapha kanye nohlobo lwendlela lomthamo, azikho izakhi zento ezisebenzayo ezine-GABA receptors. Ukuxhumana neziteshi zesodium akukho.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ukuqoqwa okuphezulu kwento esebenzayo ku-plasma yegazi ngemuva kokutholakala komthamo wokuqala wesidakamizwa ngemuva kwamahora we-2,5-3. I-bioavailability iyisilinganiso, ayinciki kumthamo futhi ingama-60%. Lapho wedlula umthamo otuswe, i-bioavailability iyancipha. Umuthi uvunyelwe ukuthi uphuzwe, noma ngabe ukudla. Ukudla akuphazamisi isilinganiso sokufakwa emzimbeni.
UGabapentin udlulwa yizinso. Nge-hemodialysis, icishe iqedwe ngokuphelele. Isigamu sempilo singamahora ayi-6-7. Umuthi awubophele cishe amaprotheni e-plasma, awenziwa umzimba.
Yini esiza?
Umuthi olwa nama-anticonvulsant ungafakwa ekwelashweni uma isiguli sitholakele sinesifo sokuwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi ubekelwe izifo ezihambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu:
- ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal (i-hernia yomgogodla, ama-rickets, i-radiculitis, i-osteochondrosis);
- i-pathology yephethini lokuphefumula eliphezulu nelingezansi (i-otitis media, izinkinga ngemuva komkhuhlane);
- Ubuhlungu be-neuropathic be-etiologies ehlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ikhanda.
Contraindication
Umuthi we-anticonvulsant unezindlela eziningi zokuqhekeka. Lapho kukhona ukusetshenziswa ngokuphelele kwesidakamizwa ngezinhloso zokwelapha neze-prophylactic akwamukeleki. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-pathologies elandelayo:
- i-pancreatitis ngesikhathi sokuqhuma;
- ukuzalwa okukhona nokuzala kwe-lactose;
- hypersensitivity noma ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye engxenyeni eyinhloko.
Umuthi unemikhawulo yobudala. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala azivunyelwe ukusebenzisa amaphilisi we-anticonvulsant.
Ngokunakekela
Ukuhlukumeza okuhlobene kufaka ukwehluleka kwezinso, okudinga ukusetshenziswa ngokucophelela.
Ungamthatha kanjani uConvalis?
Ifomu lomthamo lithathwa ngomlomo: amaphilisi kufanele athathwe ngesikhathi sokudla noma ngemuva kokudla, ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphandle kokuvula isitsha se-gelatin. Geza ngamanzi afudumele (okungenani i-100 ml).
Umuthi ungasetjenziswa njengengxenye ye-monotherapy nanjenge-adjuvant.
Uhlobo lwesilinganiso kanye nenkambo yokuphatha kukhethwa ngawodwana.
Isimo esilandelwa nsuku zonke sinqunyelwe kwimiyalo yefekthri:
- ngosuku lokuqala - 300 mg (kanye);
- ngosuku lwesibili - ama-600 mg (kabili ngamahora angama-24);
- ngosuku lwesithathu - 900 mg (kathathu emahoreni angama-24).
Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala azivunyelwe ukuthatha uConvalis.
Ngemvume kadokotela, isilinganiso sansuku zonke singangezelelwa sifinyelele ku-1200 mg. Isikhathi phakathi kwemithamo akufanele singeqi amahora angama-8. Ngobuhlungu obukhulu be-neuropathic kubantu abadala, uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-1 capsule kathathu ngosuku. Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthatha ngaphezu kwe-300 mg ye-gabapentin kanye.
Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela
Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela, isiguli singadinga ukulungisa uhlobo lomthamo. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwemithi nezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic kudinga ukuncishiswa komthamo wokugcina. Izinga lomthamo wansuku zonke owelaphekayo kuleli cala akumele lidlule ku-900 mg.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?
Isikhathi sokusetshenziswa yizinsuku ezingama-5-7. Uma kungekho mphumela omuhle, unganwetshwa ngemvume kadokotela ohambelayo.
Imiphumela emibi
Uhlobo lwe-dosing olukhethwe ngokungeyikho lukhulisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi kusuka ezithweni zangaphakathi nohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi.
Amapheshana wesisu
Ngokulashwa okungafanele kobuhlungu be-neuropathic ezigulini ezivela ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla, okulandelayo kuyabonakala:
- isifo sohudo
- umlomo owomile
- ukuqunjelwa
- Ubuhlungu be-epigastric;
- ukwakheka ngokweqile kwegesi;
- ukuqunjelwa.
Imiphumela emibi ekwelashweni kokuqothuka okuyingxenye:
- i-gingivitis;
- isicanucanu
- i-anorexia;
- i-stomatitis
- ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo;
- dyspepsia.
Isifiso esandayo sokudla singabhekwa njengemiphumela emibi.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Ukusuka ohlangothini lwezitho ze-hemopoietic, ukulimaza (njengokulimala), i-leukopenia iyabonakala.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Ekwelapheni izinhlungu ze-neuropathic ezivela esimisweni sezinzwa esiyinhloko, kuvela imiphumela emibi elandelayo:
- Isiyezi
- ukozela
- i-amnesia yesikhashana;
- ukungaboni kahle
- ukuthuthumela
- ukudideka.
- i-ataxia.
Uma kwenzeka wehlelwe ngokuthile okuyingxenye:
- buthakathaka kwe-tendon ekhombisa;
- ukuphazamiseka ngemuva kwemizwelo;
- i-paresthesia;
- Ukukhathazeka
- ukuqwasha
- i-nystagmus;
- ukuntuleka kokuxhumana;
- i-amnesia.
Ukuhlwaya okubonakalayo nokubukwayo kukhula ngokuvamisile.
I-Convalis ingadala ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka nokunye ukuphazamiseka ngemuva kwesimo esingokomzwelo.
Kusuka ohlelweni lomchamo
Ukutheleleka kwamapheshana e-Urinary akhula ngesikhathi sokuphatha umuthi kubhekwa njengemiphumela emibi.
Kusuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula
Engxenyeni yalolu hlelo ekwelapheni izitho zokuphefumula:
- pharyngitis;
- ukuphefumula.
Imiphumela emibi ngokuthathwa kancane:
- inyumoniya
- i-rhinitis;
- ukukhwehlela okomile.
Ngerejimeni yemithamo ekhethwe ngokungafanele, ukuphefumula ngokushesha kungabonakala.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwe-musculoskeletal
I-Myalgia, fragility yezicubu zamathambo, izinhlungu emhlane kanye nokuhlangana, i-arthralgia kuthiwa yimiphumela emibi.
Kusuka ohlelweni lokuzala
Emadodeni, ngemithi engalungile, ukuvela kokungabi namandla kukhula.
Allergies
Ukungezwani komzimba kuyabonakala ku-56% weziguli. Ekwelapheni izinhlungu nokuqunjelwa, kungavela okulandelayo:
- ukuqhuma
- isikhumba esikhanyayo;
- induna
Imvamisa ekwelapheni izinhlungu nokubanjwa yiConvalis, iziguli ziqala ukulunywa isikhumba kanye nokuqhuma.
Imisebe esikhumbeni ayinakucasulwa, uma kungenjalo ukuqhekeka kuvela.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ukuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa umuthi olwa nama-anticonvulsant kungaba yinto enhle ngamanga. Kulokhu, kufanele uphinde ukwedlule. Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esake satholakala kufanele zithathe imithamo emincane yemithi ye-hypoglycemic.
Ngokukhuphuka kwe-pancreatitis, kwenqatshelwe ukuthatha umuthi. Akunconywa ukuthi uyeke umuthi ngokushesha noma ususe i-analog. Ukwehliswa komthamo kufanele kube kancane kancane, uma kungenjalo i-syndrome yokuhoxiswa iba (ukuhlanza, isiyezi, ukuqunjelwa).
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kobuhlungu be-neuropathic kanye nesifo sokuwa, kubalulekile ukubheka isimo somqondo sesiguli. Ingozi yemicabango yokuzibulala iyanda. Ekwehlulekeni kwezinso, kudingeka ushintsho kuhlobo lomthamo oludingekayo. Ngezinsuku lapho i-dialysis ingenziwa, umuthi awusetshenziswa.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwalo muthi, isiguli sihlakulela ukozela, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukushiya ukushayela nezinye izindlela.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Umuthi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa usetshenziswa kuphela uma inzuzo engaba khona kumama ibala ubungozi obungenzeka enganeni.
Ingxenye eyinhloko idlulela obisini lwebele, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuphuza umuthi ngesikhathi sokuqunjelwa.
Ukunquma uConvalis ezinganeni
Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala, lesi sidakamizwa asinqunyelwe. Kwabasebasha, uhlobo lomthamo lukhethiwe ngokuhlukile.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Iziguli esezikhulile kufanele zisebenzise lo muthi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa udokotela. Ukulungiswa kwedosi kungadingeka.
Iziguli esezikhulile kufanele zisebenzise lo muthi ngaphansi kokuhlolwa udokotela.
Ukweqisa
Uma inqubo yansuku zonke idlulwa kaningana, isiguli sakha izimpawu zokweqisa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- diplopia;
- Isiyezi
- ukozela
- dysarthria;
- ukuphazamiseka kwesitulo.
Kwakungekho ukufa nge-overdose. Kulesi simo, ukufaka isikhalazo esikhungweni sezokwelapha kuyimpoqo, udokotela oholayo uzokhetha ukwelashwa okubonakalayo. Asikho isidakamizwa.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ngokuphathwa kanyekanye kwe-cimetidine ne-anticonvulsant, isikhathi sokuchithwa kokugcina siyanda. Empeleni ayihlangani ne-phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital ne-valproic acid. Izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo, eziqukethe i-norethisterone ne-ethinyl estradiol, azihlangani nomuthi.
Ama-antacid, lapho khona usawoti we-magnesium noma i-aluminium, anganciphisa umuthi we-bioavailability womuthi. Isikhathi phakathi kwemithamo amahora ama-2. I-Pimetidine yehlisa ukumbumbuluzwa kwento esemqoka.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Kuyadingeka ukwenqaba utshwala ngesikhathi sokulashwa nomuthi. I-Ethanol ingavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi.
I-Convalis ayikwazi ukuthatha utshwala, i-ethanol ingavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi.
Ama-Analoggs weConvalis
Umuthi onomphumela obizwa ngokuthi yi-anticonvulsant has a analogues eziningana zokwakheka nama-generics. Umphumela wokwelapha wale mishanguzo ufana nowangempela. Le mishanguzo ifaka phakathi:
- Algerica. I-analogue yesakhiwo yemithi yasekuqaleni iyatholakala ngesimo samaphilisi. I-Pregabalin (kufika ku-300 mg) isebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko. Umenzi uhlinzeka ngokuba khona kwalabo abatholayo. Kusetshenziswa ekwelapheni ubuhlungu be-neuropathic kanye nesithuthwane. Izindleko emakhemisi ngama-ruble angama-430.
- I-Topamax Umuthi we-anticonvulsant usetshenziselwa ukuvikela i-migraine kanye nezinhloso zokwelapha kulesithuthwane. I-Topiramate (15, 25 no-50 mg) yinto esetshenziswayo. Intengo yemithi ingama-ruble ayi-1100.
- I-Keppra. Kutholakala ngesimo samathebulethi nokumiswa kokuphathwa komlomo. Isakhi esiyinhloko yi-levetiracetam ekuqoqweni okungama-500 mg. Inomphumela obizwa ngokuthi yi-anticonvulsant futhi ubhekwa njengohlobo lwangempela. Intengo emakhemisi isuka kuma-ruble angama-770.
- ICarbamazepine, esikhundleni somuthi ojwayelekile, itholakala ngethebhulethi. Ukwakheka kuqukethe into efanayo esebenzayo - 200 mg. Izindleko kumakhemisi ziqala kuma-ruble angama-50.
Esikhundleni ngasinye kune-contraindication. Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi. Ezinye izidakamizwa ezivela kumkhiqizi wakwelinye izwe (Sweden, India, state yaseMelika iMelika) zingabizwa njengezifanekiselo zoqobo.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Umuthi olwa nama-anticonvulsant udinga ukunikezwa kadokotela emakhemisi.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela?
Awungeke uwuthenge umuthi ngaphandle kadokotela.
Intengo
Izindleko zokufakwa ngomuthi ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble angama-500.
Izimo zokugcina zeConvalis
I-Optimum isitoreji sokushisa - ifinyelela ku- + 25 °. Indawo yokugcina - eyomile, emnyama, engafinyeleleki ezinganeni nasezilwaneni.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Gcina ngaphezu kwezinyanga ezingama-36 kusuka ngosuku lokwenziwa kwalo.
Ukubuyekezwa kodokotela neziguli kuConvalis
I-Krasavina Valentina, isazi sezinzwa, i-Novorossiysk.
Sekuyisikhathi eside ngiyawazi lo muthi, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba ukhishwe kuhulumeni waseRussia. Ithuluzi liyasebenza, limisa ngokushesha ukuhlaselwa kobuhlungu bemvelo ye-neuropathic. Ngokuzijwayeza, ngiyisebenzisa iminyaka eminingana, iziguli ziyaneliswa ngomphumela, kepha ezinye zikhononda ngokuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela engathandeki.
Imvamisa, kutholwa ukungahambi kahle nokuphazamiseka okuvela ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Imisebe esikhumbeni iphathwa nganoma iyiphi i-antihistamine yangaphandle ejenti. Ukomela kunyamalala ngokwawo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ngemuva kokuba umzimba usujwayele.
UNina Goryunova, oneminyaka engama-64 ubudala, e-Ekaterinburg.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus satholakala eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-15 eyedlule. Lesi sifo saqhubeka kancane kancane, umzimba uyeka ukubekezelela. Kulesi simo, izinhlungu zavela ekuhlanganeni kwezingalo nasemilenzeni, ezazimbi kakhulu ebusuku. Ngiye ngazama ukugcoba okuhlukahlukene, ama-gels, okhilimu - akukho okusize. Esithangamini, wakhalaza kudokotela, wamyalela umuthi wokuhlaselwa wubuhlungu be-neuropathic.
Ngayithenga ngomuthi kadokotela. Kusetshenziswa ngokuya ngemiyalo, kancane kancane kukhulisa umthamo. Angizange ngithathe amaphilisi angaphezu kwama-3 ngosuku. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-5, waqala ukwehlisa umthamo. Udokotela uxwayise ngokuthi awukwazi ukukhansela umuthi ngokushesha. Ngosuku lokuqala kwabheda kwabonakala, kepha kwadlula ngokwakho.
