Into enkulu yezindleko ukuthenga ukudla. Umuntu ophila nesifo sokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kufanele alandele ngqo ekudleni okusekelwe enyameni, enhlanzini, imikhiqizo yobisi, imifino nezithelo, okuyizinkwa eziningi kakolweni kanye nokusanhlamvu, okuphikiswa ngokuqinile kulesi sifo. Ngokuqondene nengxenye yokuziphatha nokusebenza kwengqondo, umuntu othembela i-insulin kufanele azazi ezinye izici zalesi sifo futhi abe namakhono amaningi okumsiza anqobe imiphumela emibi yesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuqonda ukuthi siyini isifo sikashukela, okokuqala udinga ulwazi oluyisisekelo - ukuqonda ukuthi umzimba wakho usebenza kanjani;
- Uma kukhona izinsolo zokuxilongwa okufanele, khomba izimpawu ngesikhathi bese wenza ukuxilongwa kokuqala.
Kuzoba wusizo ukuthola uqeqesho esikhungweni sabanesifo sikashukela. Uma likhona ithuba lokuza ukuqeqeshwa, khona-ke kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho we-endocrinologist, ozokhuluma ngamaphuzu amakhulu okuxilongwa.
Isifo sikashukela kufanele sazi konke:- ngezidakamizwa zokwelapha isifo sikashukela,
- umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-insulin, izidakamizwa ezisela ushukela, izidakamizwa ezivikela ekuqubukeni kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona,
- amavithamini kanye namaminerali.
Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa i-insulin nezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, uhlobo lwe-insulin efanele isiguli ukwelapha, izindlela nezindawo zokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa. Lapho ujova i-insulin, khumbula imiphumela yokuqhela noma ukuntuleka kwayo.
Umuntu ophethwe yilesi sifo kufanele alandele ukudla, i-insulin nokudla amaphilisi. Ukudla kufaka phakathi ukudla imenyu esethwe ngokuqinile ngesikhathi esichazwe ngokuqinile. Uma isiguli sinohambo olude noma yimuphi umcimbi ongaphandle kwekhaya, udinga ukucabanga kusengaphambili ngalokho azokuthatha naye endleleni eyokudla isidlo sasemini, isidlo sasekuseni nesidlo sasebusuku, lapho futhi lapho ethatha khona iphilisi, uzothatha umjovo we-insulin.
Umuntu othembela i-insulin kufanele akhumbule njalo ukuthi:
- Indlala yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni wakhe, okuholela ekwehlekeni kweglucose yegazi. Isifo sikashukela akufanele silambe;
- Ukweqa ngokweqile kungaholela ekwandeni kwamazinga kashukela, okuyingozi njengokuzila ukudla. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubala njalo inani lokudla okudliwayo kanye nekhono labo lokukhulisa amazinga kashukela.
Ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela noma i-hypoglycemia inqubo eyenzeka ngemizuzwana. Uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezifanele, onesifo sikashukela ulahlekelwa ukuqaphela futhi angafa noma akhubazeke.
Ukuvimbela i-glucose ukuthi yehle ngaphansi kwamazinga ajwayelekile, umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele abe nokudla okuningana okulula - ushukela (amashubhu ayi-10), itiye elimnandi (0.5 l), i-apula (1 - 2), amakhukhi amnandi (150 - 200 g), amasangweji nesinkwa esinsundu (1 - 2)
Ukudla, okudingekayo esigulini esinohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, kuqinile futhi kuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo eminingi yokudla, ngasikhathi sinye, umuntu othola i-insulin angadla enempilo impela, uma wazi futhi ulandela imithetho ethile.- Isifo sikashukela kufanele sazi inani lamafutha, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate nefayibha eyakha umkhiqizo.
- Imiphi imikhiqizo evunyelwe futhi evunyelwe, futhi ngani.
- Qaphela izinga lokuqhekeka kwezinto ezahlukahlukene kushukela,
- Yazi ukuthi inqubo yokwandisa ushukela incike kanjani esimweni esishisayo sokudla.
- Landela ukudla, ukwazi ukupheka izitsha ezenzelwe ukondliwa kweziguli ezinjalo, ukwazi ukusebenzisa izikhala zikashukela kahle.
- Ukuze ukwazi ukubala inkomba yeyunithi lesinkwa lomkhiqizo nokuqukethwe kwekhalori yalo.
Umsebenzi womzimba kufanele ube lula noma ulinganise, futhi ungabi usindayo. Njengoba kunzima ukuxhumanisa umsebenzi wokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla kanye nokuphatha i-insulin, kuyadingeka ukuhlela ezemidlalo kusenesikhathi, kungaba ngokuhlanza indlu okufushane noma ukuthutha ifenisha. Ngasikhathi sinye, ezemidlalo zingaholela ekwehleni kweshukela ngaphansi kwamazinga ajwayelekile, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhethe ngokucophelela umsebenzi womzimba.Kubalulekile ukuthi isifo sikashukela sibe namakhono okulawula:
- Amazinga kashukela womchamo kanye negazi (ekhaya ene-glucometer nemichilo yokuhlola);
- Izinga lesisindo - Izikali eziphansi kufanele zithengwe;
- Izinga lomfutho wegazi (ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinomfutho wegazi) - usebenzisa i-tonometer ethengiswa ekhemisi
Amandla wokufundwayo kufanele aqoshwe kubhukwana elikhethekile.
Ngaphezu kwale mikhakha, lapho kuhlaziywa izinkomba zesimo somzimba, imininingwane elandelayo kufanele ibhalwe kubhukwana:
- Mayelana umthamo olawulwa yi-insulin;
- Ukwakheka nesikhathi sokudla, inkomba yayo yesinkwa;
- Isikhathi nenani lokuphuza umuthi ovikela ukwakhiwa kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona (ikakhulukazi izifo zemithambo yezinso, amehlo nemilenze);
- Ukuhlaziywa kwezimbangela nesikhathi sokwanda okubukhali noma ukwehla kwamazinga kashukela.
Umuntu onesifo sikashukela, kanye nezihlobo zakhe nabangane kufanele bazi izindlela eziyisisekelo zezokwelapha uma kubhekelwa engcupheni. Isibonelo, nge-hypoglycemia, ukuphela kwendlela elungile yokukhipha umuntu esimweni sokwehluleka ukusiza umjovo we-glucose osuka ngesikhathi. Izihlobo zesifo sikashukela kufanele zikwazi lokhu futhi zikwazi ukunikeza usizo lokuqala ngesikhathi esifanele.
Izifo ezingalapheki ezibangelwa isizinda sikashukela kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi zibe ngaphansi kokulawulwa yisiguli. Ukuze uthole lokhu, kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi kuhlolwe ochwepheshe:
- I-Ophthalmologist -1 ngonyaka, lapho kungekho zikhalazo;
- I-Podiatrist (onguchwepheshe ekwelashweni kwezinyawo) - isikhathi esingu-1 ngonyaka;
- Odokotela abahlinza imithambo - isikhathi esingu-1 ngonyaka;
- Isazi sezinzwa (uchwepheshe wezinso) - njengoba kudingeka;
- Udokotela wesikhumba
- Udokotela wamazinyo.
Yonke inkimbinkimbi yezinyathelo zokulungisa isimo somzimba esijwayelekile kwisifo sikashukela sithatha isikhathi esiningi isiguli, kodwa ngeke ukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwaso. Umuntu ofuna ukuphila impilo ejwayelekile futhi angazizwa ethonya lokugula kwakhe uzothola isikhathi nezindlela zokufeza zonke izidingo ezidingekayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubo ezinjengokulawulwa kwe-insulin, ukuhlaziya ushukela, ukuthatha amaphilisi, kanye nokulinganisa umfutho wegazi kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwe-10 ngosuku, okungekho kakhulu ukugcina isimo somzimba esijwayelekile, futhi isidingo sokulondolozwa komsoco ofanele kuzoba wusizo hhayi kumuntu othembela i-insulin kuphela, kepha futhi unempilo enhle.
