I-atherossteosis yimbangela evamile yesifo se-arterial occlusion esingapheli semikhawulo ephezulu. Kungakho izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-atherosulinosis yemithambo yemikhawulo engenhla kudinga ukuphendula okusheshayo nokwelashwa okungathi sína.
Ukuncipha kwe-arterial noma ukuvinjwa okubangelwa inqubo ye-atherosselotic kunciphisa ukuphuma kwegazi kuya emalungeni aphezulu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma ukuphumula. Kuvela isibonakaliso sezimpawu, ubulukhuni bokuthi kuncike ezingeni lokuzibandakanya nokusakazwa kokubambisana okukhona.
Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zingasukela ebuhlungwini bokuphumula buye ebunzimeni lapho uguqula ingalo, ucindezela izinto ezincane engalweni, nalapho uzama ukwenza izivivinyo zemoto.
I-Arteriosulinosis yemikhawulo yisifo semithambo esiholela ekunciphiseni nasekuqiniseni imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezandleni. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi, okungalimaza izinzwa nezinye izicubu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umzimba uzoqala ukudlulisa ukugeleza kwegazi kusuka ezingalweni nasemilenzeni (ezingalweni, emilenzeni) nakwisikhumba kuya kwezinye izitho zomzimba, esifubeni nasesiswini. Noma iyiphi into engaphandle eqongelela ezithweni nasezithanjeni zomzimba ekugcineni izodala ukuphazamiseka ezinqubweni eziyisisekelo zomzimba:
- isifo senhliziyo
- isifo samathambo;
- lukhuni kwezicubu nemithambo yomzimba;
- i-calcium deposits emalungeni, njll.
Kungakho i-atherosclerosis yamaphethelo angenhla kufanele iqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha, futhi ngenxa yalokhu kufanele uhlukanise kahle phakathi kwezimpawu zesifo futhi wazi ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okusebenza kakhulu.
Izimpawu zomuntu zesifo
Kuyiqiniso, i-vasher atherosclerosis yamaphethelo angenhla inezimpawu zayo ezithile. Ngenxa yokuthi imithambo emincane iphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi okufanelekile emisipha, ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwemisebenzi yelungu.
Ubuhlungu obukhulukazi buvela futhi, ikakhulukazi lapho unyakaza ngomlenze. Lesi wuphawu oluphambili noma olunye lwezimpawu zesifo. Uma i-arteriossteosis ikuzo zombili izinyawo, ukuqina kwezimpawu kuvame ukwanda.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukungakhululeki noma izinhlungu ezandleni;
- cramping ngesandla esisodwa noma zombili ngasikhathi sinye;
- umuzwa wobunzima;
- umuzwa wobuthakathaka;
- Isiyezi
- ikhanda;
- Ubuhlungu esifundeni se-lumbar.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ushintshe umbala wesundu. Zonke lezi zimpawu zivame ukunyamalala ngemuva kokwenza izivivinyo ezikhethekile. Isibonelo, lesi sigaba seziguli sinconywa ukwenza imisebenzi yokuzivocavoca yokwelapha, noma vakashela ichibi njalo.
Ukuze unikeze ukwelashwa okuyikho, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile kwalesi sifo. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, uchwepheshe wezokwelapha angathola umsindo engxenyeni engenhla yomlenze ngaphezu kwe-artery, lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa lwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-stethoscope. Ukuncipha kwengcindezi yegazi elangeni ethintekile nakho kungatholakala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyabonakala:
- Ukwehla noma ukushayeka okungekho emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni.
- Uvivinyo lungakhombisa i-cholesterol ephezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubudlelwano obungajwayelekile bukhona phakathi kwengcindezi yegazi ye-ankle ehlangene nehlombe - inkomba ye-ankle / ehlombe noma i-angiography yemithambo emilenzeni.
Izici zokwelashwa kwe-atherosulinosis yemikhawulo ephezulu
Ukwelashwa kugxila ekunciphiseni izimpawu nasekuthuthukiseni ukuhamba kwegazi. Abanye abantu abanesifo se-peripheral artery isifo bangadinga ukususwa kwelungu. Amanani okukhishwa aphakeme ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu baseMelika baseMelika kanye nabakwaSpanish abanesifo sikashukela. Ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa zingafaka i-balloon angioplasty - inqubo efanayo esetshenziselwa ukuvula imithambo yegazi kodwa yenziwa emithanjeni yegazi yelungu elithintekile. Lokhu kungahle kuhambisane nokufakwa kwesiqu, ukwelashwa kwe-laser, noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuzivocavoca ngokulinganisela ngokuphumula. Hambani njalo noma nenze izivivinyo ezikhethekile. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukujikeleza kwegazi lithuthuka njengefomu elisha, lemithambo yegazi emincane. Ngama-beta blockers, ukuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni kuyancipha.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubhema kunciphisa imithambo yegazi, kwehlisa amandla egazi lokuthwala i-oksijini futhi kwandise nengozi yokuqhekeka kwe--LRB-clots and embolism -RRB-. Ukunakekela impilo yakho kubaluleke kakhulu uma unesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu, udinga ukunaka noma yikuphi ukusikeka, imihuzuko noma ukulimala. Kufanele ziphathwe ngokufanele futhi ukubukeka kwazo kugwenywe kakhulu. Amathishu aphulukisa kancane ngokujikeleza kwegazi anciphile futhi athambekele ekuthelelekeni.
Uma i-cholesterol iphezulu, ukudla okune-cholesterol ephansi nokudla okunamafutha amancane kufanele kudliwe.
Incomo yokwelashwa
Ukwelashwa ngezokwelapha kuvame ukugxila ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, izindlela okuhloswe ngazo ukunciphisa i-atherossteosis engaphansi, ngokungafani nokwelashwa okulula kwezimpawu, zisebenza kangcono. Imithi engeyona eyemithi imvamisa iyindlela yokuqala yokwelashwa, njengokubhema ukuyeka nokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo. Uma lezi zindlela zingasebenzi, imishanguzo imvamisa iyisinyathelo esilandelayo ekwelashweni kwezifo zenhliziyo futhi, ngokwenza ngcono, iya ngokuya iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu ekuhambeni kwesikhathi.
Isihluthulelo sezindlela eziphumelela kakhudlwana ukuhlanganiswa kwamasu wokuphulukisa ahlukahlukene. I-Arteriossteosis, noma "lukhuni imithambo," imvamisa ithinta imilenze kuqala. Ukuvalwa kwemithambo kungaholela ekuvaleni ngokuphelele komkhumbi. Izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziyancipha futhi zingavuli ukunikeza ukuhamba kwegazi okuningana uma kunesidingo, njengasikhathi sokuqeqeshwa.
I-CT coronary angiogram ikhulula ukuphuma kwegazi emithanjeni ngemuva kokudonswa kwethambo emthanjeni wethambo. Ukufakwa kwe-calcium kuyodonga lwemithambo yegazi kufaka isandla ekunciphiseni nasekuqineni.
Lokhu kuyinkinga evamile, evame ukuthinta amadoda amadala kuneminyaka engama-50. Abantu basengozini ephezulu uma benomlando uqobo noma womndeni, kanye:
- isifo sikashukela
- isifo senhliziyo
- isifo se-coronary artery;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
- isifo sezinso, hemodialysis;
- isifo se-cerebrovascular.
Ubungozi bokufakwa kwe-calcium usawoti kukhuphuka uma i-atherosulinosis ethuthukayo ivusa isifo semithambo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
Izici Ezingozini Zesifo
Isifo se-vascular of the elingenhla elingaphezulu singase sibe uphawu lwesifo se-peripheral arterial sifo esibangelwa yi-atherosclerosis.
Kulokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubheka isimo somkhumbi, futhi futhi ususe nengozi yokuqhamuka ne-atherosclerosis.
Kufanele uzame ukunciphisa izici zobungozi zalokhu kugula.
Izici zobungozi ze-atherossteosis zibandakanya:
- Ukubhema.
- I-cholesterol ephezulu yegazi.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
- Umlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo noma se-vascular.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wezinzwa uzozama ukuthola ukuthi isiguli sinesifo sohlelo lwe-vascular of theilenze langemuva, futhi sizonikeza nendlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.
Imvamisa, udokotela ohlinzayo wemithambo angabuza imibuzo enjengokuthi:
- siyini isimo jikelele sempilo;
- Uyini umlando wezokwelapha;
- ukuba khona kwezimpawu zesimilo.
Futhi, uchwepheshe uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Buza ngomlando womndeni nangokwelashwa. Udokotela uzokucela ukuthi uchaze izimpawu, futhi akhombise ukuthi zivela kangaki nendawo yazo.
Besebenzisa i-stethoscope ukulalela igazi eligeleza esitsheni, udokotela ohlinzayo angakwazi ukubona amandla okugeleza.
Njengoba isifo semithambo yethambo elingaphezulu singathinta noma ikuphi i-artery emzimbeni, udokotela uvame ukuhlola imithambo yezinye izindawo ngaphandle kwezandla.
Ngale njongo, isifundo siyadingeka ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezilandelayo:
- I-angiography yokususa eyidijithali.
- I-Magnetic resonance angiography.
- I-Computerograph tomographic angiography.
Njengendlela yokuxilonga, indlela ye-angiography isetshenziswa ngempela.
Ukusetshenziswa kokudla kokudla
Izinguquko ekudleni zingasiza ekuvimbeleni ukukhula kwe-atherosclerosis. Ubufakazi obandulelayo bukhombisa ukuthi ukudla okuqukethe imikhiqizo yobisi akuthinti noma kunciphise ubungozi besifo senhliziyo.
Ukudla okuphezulu kwezithelo nemifino kunciphisa ingozi yokugula nokufa. Ubufakazi buveza ukuthi ukudla kwaseMedithera kungathuthukisa ukuhlaziya kweziguli. Kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi isidlo saseMedithera singcono kunokudla okunamafutha aphansi ngenxa yezinguquko zesikhathi eside ezintweni ezibeka engcupheni yenhliziyo (ngokwesibonelo, ukwehlisa i-cholesterol nomfutho wegazi).
Iqembu lezidakamizwa elibizwa ngama-statins lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni i-atherossteosis. Bakhonjiswe ukuthi bayasebenza ekwehliseni izifo zenhliziyo nokufa kwabantu kubantu abane-cholesterol ephezulu enemiphumela emincane emincane.
Ama-monocytes, kanye namamaki we-cholesterol, njengesilinganiso se-LDL, i-HDL kanye nesilinganiso se-apolipiprotein B, i-apolipoprotein A-1, singasetshenziswa njengezimpawu ukulawula izinga le-atherosselotic regression, elusizo ekwelapheni iziguli.
Yini okufanele ikhunjulwe lapho welapha isifo?
Lapho i-atherossteosis ifinyelela esigabeni sayo sokugcina sentuthuko futhi ibangela ischemia engaphenduki, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.
Ukuhlinzwa nge-vascular bypass kungabuyisela ukugeleza okukhona endaweni ethintekile ye-artery. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-angioplasty kanye ne-stenting kukuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele ukuhambisa kwegazi ngomkhumbi endaweni emincane.
Ukuxhunyelelwa kwe-coronary artery bypsass kukhombisa ukubuyiselwa kwejubane lokugeleza kwegazi, okunciphise amathuba okuba nesifo sokuwa nokufa okuqhathaniswa nokuqhathaniswa nokuhlaziywa kabusha kwenhliziyo nemithambo yenhliziyo.
Kunobufakazi bokuthi ama-anticoagulants, ikakhulukazi iWarfarin, avimbela ukwakheka kwegazi, aphazamisa ukwakheka kwevithamini K futhi angaba nomthelela ekubalweni kwempi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yize kungenzeka ukuthi anciphise ukwakheka kwesikhathi esikhathini esifushane.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi i-atherosulinosis yemikhawulo ephezulu yinkinga enkulu uma ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kungakaqalwa.
Kungakho, bonke ochwepheshe beluleka ukuthi baqaphele indlela abadla ngayo futhi baphile ngendlela enempilo, kulokhu kuphela kuzokwazi ukugwema izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi.
Ngokuqondene nokwelashwa, kulokhu kungcono ukusebenzisa izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Akufanele usebenzise hhayi kuphela ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa, kepha futhi futhi unamathela ekudleni futhi wenze izivivinyo ezikhethekile.
Isazi sevidiyo esikulesi sihloko sizokhuluma kabanzi nge-atherossteosis.
